Makala za msingi - orodha ya meta Feb 2008
Hii ni tafsiri ya orodha ya Kiingereza ya makala 1,000 za msingi kutoka meta:wikipedia ya Februari 2008.
Hadi Novemba 2019 idadi kubwa imetafsiriwa, pia orodha imebadilishwa mara kadhaa. Mapengo ya sasa ni 10 tu, ni haya yafuatayo: physical chemistry , conservation of energy , strong interaction , weak interaction , general relativity , mathematical analysis , numerical analysis , function , infinity , operating system
Pamoja na hayo ya juu, inafaa tuangalie sasa orodha ya orodha ya makala 10,000 za msingi kutoka meta:wikipedia. Hapo tumeshapata karibu makala 4,000, lakini bado zaidi kidogo ya 6,000 zinakosekana. Hata kama si kila moja ni mada ya kuvutia sana, bado makala hizo ni kiunzi cha elimu ya msingi! Karibuni kuchangia. Wanaopenda jiografia, basi mtumie orodha ya sehemu yake iliyoswahilishwa kisehemu Mtumiaji:Kipala/10000_list_Geography na jitahidini kumaliza maneno mekundu. Kipala (majadiliano) 22:25, 21 Septemba 2019 (UTC)
Wasifu[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Waigizaji[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Brigitte Bardot | Sarah Bernhardt | Marlon Brando | Charlie Chaplin | Marlene Dietrich | Marx Brothers | Marilyn Monroe
Wasanii[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Pieter Brueghel Mzee | Le Corbusier | Leonardo da Vinci | Salvador Dalí | Donatello | Albrecht Dürer | Vincent van Gogh | Francisco Goya | Frida Kahlo | Henri Matisse | Michelangelo | I. M. Pei | Pablo Picasso | Raphael | Rembrandt | Peter Paul Rubens | Diego Velázquez | Andy Warhol | Frank Lloyd Wright
Waandishi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Abu Nuwas | Matsuo Bashō | Jorge Luis Borges | George Byron | Luís de Camões | Miguel de Cervantes | Geoffrey Chaucer | Anton Chekhov | Arnaut Daniel | Dante Alighieri | Rubén Darío | Charles Dickens | Fyodor Dostoyevsky | Firdusi | Fuzulî | Gabriel Garcia Marquez | Johann Wolfgang von Goethe | Homer | Horatius | Victor Hugo | Henrik Ibsen | James Joyce | Franz Kafka | Kālidāsa | Omar Khayyam | Li Bai | Naguib Mahfouz | Molière | Vladimir Nabokov | Ovid | Munshi Premchand | Marcel Proust | Alexander Pushkin | Arthur Rimbaud | Shota Rustaveli | Jose Saramago | Sappho | William Shakespeare | Isaac Bashevis Singer | Sophokles | Snorri Sturluson | Leo Tolstoy | Mark Twain | Virgil | William Wordsworth | Wu Cheng'en
Wanamuziki[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Johann Sebastian Bach | The Beatles | Ludwig van Beethoven | Hector Berlioz | Anton Bruckner | Johannes Brahms | Frédéric Chopin | Antonín Dvořák | Georg Friederich Händel | Jimi Hendrix | Gustav Mahler | Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | Giacomo Puccini | Elvis Presley | The Rolling Stones | Franz Schubert | Jean Sibelius | Bedřich Smetana | Robert Schumann | Igor Stravinsky | Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky | Giuseppe Verdi | Antonio Vivaldi | Richard Wagner
Wapelelezi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Roald Amundsen | Neil Armstrong | Jacques Cartier | Christopher Columbus | James Cook | Hernán Cortés | Yuri Gagarin | Vasco da Gama | Ferdinand Magellan | Marco Polo | Zheng He | Alexander von Humboldt
Waongozaji wa filamu na waandishi wa muswada andishi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Ingmar Bergman | Walt Disney | Federico Fellini | Alfred Hitchcock | Stanley Kubrick | Akira Kurosawa | George Lucas | Steven Spielberg
Wanasayansi, wavumbuzi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Archimedes | Lee | Tycho Brahe | Nicolaus Copernicus | Marie Curie | Charles Darwin | Thomas Edison | Albert Einstein | Euclid | Leonard Euler | Michael Faraday | Enrico Fermi | Fibonacci | Henry Ford | Joseph Fourier | Galileo Galilei | Carl Friedrich Gauss | Johann Gutenberg | Ernst Haeckel | James Prescott Joule | Johannes Kepler | John Maynard Keynes | Khwarizmi | Gottfried Leibniz | Carolus Linnaeus | James Clerk Maxwell | Dmitri Mendeleev | John von Neumann | Isaac Newton | Blaise Pascal | Louis Pasteur | Max Planck | Pythagoras | Ernest Rutherford | Erwin Schrödinger | Richard Stallman | Nikola Tesla | Alan Turing | James Watt
Wataalamu wa kijamii, wanafalsafa, wanahistoria, wanauchumi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Thomas Aquinas | Aristoteles | Agostino wa Hippo | Avicenna | Giordano Bruno | Simone de Beauvoir | Noam Chomsky | René Descartes | Émile Durkheim | Fransisko wa Asizi | Sigmund Freud | Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | Herodotus | Hippokrates | Immanuel Kant | John Locke | Martin Luther | Rosa Luxemburg | Niccolò Machiavelli | Karl Marx | Friedrich Nietzsche | Paulo wa Tarso | Plato | Pythagoras | Jean-Jacques Rousseau | Jean-Paul Sartre | Adam Smith | Sokrates | Sun Tzu | Voltaire | Max Weber | Ludwig Wittgenstein
Wanasiasa, viongozi, makabaila[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Akbar | Alexander Mkuu | Kemal Atatürk | Augustus | David Ben Gurion | Otto von Bismarck | Simón Bolívar | Napoleon Bonaparte | George W. Bush | Julius Caesar | Charlemagne | Winston Churchill | Malkia Cixi | Kleopatra | Konstantino Mkuu | Charles de Gaulle | Indira Gandhi | Elizabeth I wa Uingereza | Genghis Khan | Haile Selassie | Hirohito | Adolf Hitler | Vladimir Lenin | Louis XIV wa Ufaransa | Nelson Mandela | Mao Zedong | Benito Mussolini | Kwame Nkrumah | Peter I wa Urusi | Qin Shi Huang | Salah ad Din | Joseph Stalin | Margaret Thatcher | Victoria wa Uingereza | George Washington
Watu wa dini[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Abrahamu | Musa | Yesu | Muhammad | Buddha
Wanamapinduzi, wanaharakati[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Mahatma Gandhi | Emma Goldman | Joan of Arc | Helen Keller | Martin Luther King, Jr. | Mama Teresa | Florence Nightingale | Che Guevara
Historia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Historia
Dunia ya kale (hadi 500 BK)[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Historia ya awali | Zama za Mawe | Zama za Shaba | Zama za Chuma | Mesopotamia | Misri ya Kale | Ugiriki ya Kale | Dola la Roma
Enzi ya Kati | Mwanzo wa Kisasa[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Zama za Mwangaza | Azteki | Milki ya Bizanti | Vita za Misalaba | Dola Takatifu la Kiroma | Vita ya miaka 100 | Enzi ya Kati | Milki ya Wamongolia | Nasaba ya Ming | Milki ya Osmani | Matengenezo ya Kiprotestanti | Renaissance | Vita ya miaka 30 | Viking
Kisasa[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe ya Marekani | Apartheid | Dola la Uingereza | Vita baridi | Mapinduzi ya Ufaransa | Mdororo Mkuu | Maangamizi makuu dhidi ya Wayahudi wa Ulaya | Mapinduzi ya viwandani | Vita ya Korea | Dola la Tatu | Mapinduzi ya Urusi ya 1917 | Nasaba ya Qing | Vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe ya Hispania | Mkataba wa Versailles | Vita ya Vietnam | Vita Kuu ya Kwanza ya Dunia | Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia
Jiografia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Jiografia | mji mkuu | jiji | bara | nchi | jangwa | Earth science | ramani | ncha ya kaskazini | bahari | msitu wa mvua | mto | ziwa | ncha ya kusini
Bara na kanda[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Afrika | Antaktiki | Asia | Ulaya | Amerika ya Kilatini | Mashariki ya Kati | Amerika ya Kaskazini | Australia na Pasifiki | Amerika ya Kusini
Nchi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Afghanistan | Algeria | Argentina | Australia | Austria | Bangladesh | Ubelgiji | Brazil | Kanada | Jamhuri ya Watu wa China | Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo | Kuba | Misri | Ethiopia | Ufaransa | Ujerumani | Ugiriki | India | Indonesia | Iran | Iraq | Ueire | Israel | Italia | Japani | Mexico | Uholanzi | New Zealand | Pakistan | Poland | Urusi | Ureno | Saudia | Singapur | Afrika Kusini | Korea ya Kusini | Hispania | Sudan | Uswisi | Tanzania | Uthai | Uturuki | Ukraine | Falme za Kiarabu | Ufalme wa Maungano | Marekani | Vatikan | Vietnam
Miji[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Amsterdam | Athens | Baghdad | Bangkok | Beijing | Beirut | Berlin | Brisbane | Brussels | Buenos Aires | Kairo | Canberra | Cape Town | Dameski | Dar es Salaam | Dublin | Edinburgh | Firenze | Hong Kong | Istanbul | Jakarta | Jerusalem | Karachi | Kyoto | Los Angeles | London | Mecca | Melbourne | Mexico City | Milano | Moscow | Mumbai | Nairobi | Napoli | New Delhi | New York City | Paris | Rio de Janeiro | Roma | Sankt Peterburg | Seoul | Shanghai | Singapur | Sydney | Tehran | Tel Aviv | Tokyo | Venezia | Vienna | Washington D.C.
Magimba ya maji (bahari, maziwa, mito)[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Amazonas | Ziwa Aral | Bahari ya Aktiki | Atlantiki | Baltiki | Bahari Nyeusi | Bahari ya Karibi | Bahari ya Kaspi | Kongo (mto) | Danubi (mto) | Bahari ya Chumvi | Ganga (mto) | Great Barrier Reef | Maziwa makubwa ya Amerika Kaskazini | Bahari Hindi | Indus (mto) | Baikal (ziwa) | Tanganyika (ziwa) | Viktoria Nyanza | Mediteranea | Mississippi (mto) | Maporomoko ya Niagara | Niger (mto) | Nile | Bahari ya Kaskazini | Pasifiki | Mfereji wa Panama | Rhine (mto) | Mfereji wa Suez | Bahari ya Kusini | Volga (mto) | Yangtze (mto)
Milima, mabonde, majangwa[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Alpi | Andes | Himalaya | Mlima Kilimanjaro | Mount Everest | Rocky Mountains | Sahara
Jamii[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Familia na ndugu[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Familia | Mtoto | Mume | Ndoa | Mke
Dhana, fikra, hisia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Mwenendo | Hisia | Upendo | Fikra
Siasa[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Siasa | Uanakisti | Ukoloni | Ukomunisti | Conservatism | Demokrasia | Udikteta | Diplomasia | Ufashisti | Globalization | Serikali | Itikadi | Imperialism | Liberalism | Umarx | Ufalme | Uzalendo | Unazi | Jamhuri | Ujamaa | Dola | chama cha kisiasa | Propaganda | ugaidi
Uchumi na biashara[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Uchumi | Kilimo | Mtaji | Ubepari | Pesa | Euro | Yen | Dolar | Industry | Fedha za kigeni | Kodi
Sheria[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Mashirika ya kimataifa[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Umoja wa Afrika | Jumuiya ya Nchi za Kiarabu | Association of Southeast Asian Nations | Commonwealth of Independent States | Jumuiya ya Madola | Umoja wa Ulaya | Shirika za msalaba mwekundu na hilali nyekundu | NATO | Tuzo ya Nobel | OPEC | Umoja wa Mataifa | International Atomic Energy Agency | Mahakama Kuu ya Kimataifa (International Court Of Justice) | Shirika la Fedha la Kimataifa | UNESCO | Universal Declaration of Human Rights | Shirika la Afya Duniani (WHO) | Benki ya Dunia | World Trade Organization
Vita na jeshi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Vita ya wenyewe kwa wenyewe | Jeshi | Amani | Vita
Mambo ya kijamii[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Kutoa mimba | Adhabu ya kifo | Haki za binadamu | Ubaguzi wa kimbari | Utumwa | Utamaduni
Utamaduni[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Utamaduni | Sanaa | Katuni | Uchoraji | Upigaji picha | Uchongaji | Ufinyanzi | Ngoma | Fashion | Theatre | Sherehe ya Filamu ya Cannes
Lugha na fasihi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Lugha | Alfabeti | Mwandiko wa Kichina | Alfabeti ya Kikirili | alfabeti ya Kigiriki | alfabeti ya Kilatini | Herufi | Sarufi | Nomino | Kitenzi | Isimu | Literacy | Fasihi | Nathari | Bunilizi | Riwaya | Alfu Lela U Lela | Ushairi | Utenzi wa Gilgamesh | Ilias | Mahabharata | Ramayana | Matamshi
Lugha mbalimbali[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Kiarabu | Kibengali | Kichina | Kiingereza | Kiesperanto | Kifaransa | Kijerumani | Kigiriki | Kiebrania | Kihindi | Kiitalia | Kijapani | Kilatini | Kiajemi | Kirusi | Kisanskrit | Kihispania | Kitamil | Kituruki | Neno | Mwandiko
Usanifu na uhandisi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Usanifu | Arch | Daraja | Mfereji | Lambo | Kuba (jengo) | Nyumba
Majengo maalumu[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Lambo la Aswan | Burj Dubai | Koloseo | Ukuta wa China | Mnara wa Eiffel | Empire State Building | Hagia Sophia | Mount Rushmore | Parthenon | Piramidi za Giza | Kanisa Kuu la Mt. Petro | Statue of Liberty | Taj Mahal | Pyramidi | mnara
Filamu, redio na TV[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Filamu | Katuni | Redio | Televisheni
Muziki[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Blues | Muziki wa Klasiki | Opera | Simphoni | Muziki elektroniki | Muziki wa Asili | Jazz | Reggae | Rhythm and blues | Muziki wa Rock | Muziki wa kizazi kipya
| Ngoma | Filimbi | Gitaa | Kinanda | Tarumbeta | Zeze
Michezo[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Game | Backgammon | Chess | Go | Playing card | Kamari | Sanaa ya mapigano | Judo | Karate | Michezo ya Olympiki | Michezo | Riadha | Auto racing | Baseball | Basketball | Cricket | Fencing | Mpira wa miguu | Golf | Horse racing | Ice hockey | Tennis | Wrestling | Toy
Dhana juu ya dunia na dini[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Mielekeo ya kifalsafa[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Atheism | Fundamentalism | Materialism | Monotheism | Polytheism | Nafsi | Dini
Dini mbalimbali[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Bahá'í Faith | Ubuddha | Ukristo | Kanisa Katoliki | Ukonfusio | Uhindu | Uislamu | Ujain | Uyahudi | Ushinto | Kalasinga | Utao | Voodoo | Uzoroaster | Maisha ya kiroho
Falsafa[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Falsafa | Beauty | Upembuzi | Maadili | Epistemology | Ufeministi | Hiari | Knowledge | Logic | Mind | Morality | Reality | Truth
Sayansi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Sayansi
Astronomia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Falaki | Asteroidi | Big Bang | Black hole | Kometi | Galaksi | Milky Way | Mwakanuru | Mwezi (gimba la angani) | Sayari | Dunia | Mshtarii | Mirihi | Utaridi | Neptun | Zohali | Uranus | Zuhura | Mfumo wa jua | Nyota | Jua | Ulimwengu
Biolojia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Biolojia | DNA | Enzyme | Protein | Botany | Mauti | Suicide | Ecology | Endangered species | Domestication | Uhai | Uainishaji wa kisayansi | Spishi
Michakato ya kibiolojia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Metabolism | Digestion | Photosynthesis | Respiration (physiology) | Evolution | Biological reproduction | Pregnancy | Sex | Mwanamke | Mwanamume
Anatomia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Anatomia | Seli | Mfumo wa mzunguko wa damu | Damu | Moyo | Mfumo wa homoni | Mfumo wa Mmeng'enyo wa Chakula | Colon (anatomy) | Utumbo mwembamba | Ini | Integumentary system | Titi | Ngozi | Musuli | Mfumo wa neva | Ubongo | Milango ya fahamu | Sikio | Pua | Jicho | Mfumo wa uzazi | Mfumo wa upumuaji | Mapafu | Kiunzi cha mifupa
Tiba na dawa[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Tiba | Uraibu | Alzheimer's disease | Kansa | Cholera | Mafua ya kawaida | Dentistry | Ulemavu | Upofu | Hearing impairment | Ugonjwa wa akili | Disease | Medication | Ethanol | Nikotini | Tumbako | Drugs | Health | Maumivu ya kichwa | Myocardial infarction | Heart disease | Malaria | Malnutrition | Obesity | Pandemic | Penicillin | Pneumonia | Poliomyelitis | Sexually transmitted disease | AIDS | Stroke | Tuberculosis | Diabetes | Virus | Influenza | Smallpox
Viumbehai[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Organism | Mnyama | Arthropod | Mdudu | Sisimizi | Nyuki | Kipepeo | Arachnid | Chordate | Amphibian | Chura | Ndege | Kuku | Hua | Samaki | Papa (samaki) | Mammal | Ape | Ngamia | Paka | Ng'ombe | Mbwa | Dolphin | Tembo | Farasi | Binadamu | Kondoo | Simba | Nguruwe | Nyangumi | Reptile | Dinosauri | Nyoka | Archaea | Bacteria | Fungus | Mmea | Ua | Mti | Protist
Kemia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Kemia | Biokemia | Kampaundi | Asidi | Besi (kemia) | Chumvi | Elementi ya kikemia | Mfumo radidia | Alumini | Kaboni | Kupri | Auri | Heli | Hidrojeni | Chuma | Neoni | Nitrojeni | Oksijeni | Fedha | Stani | Zinki | Metali | Aloi | Feleji | Kemia mahuluku | Alikoholi | Hidrati kabonia | Hormoni
Phase (matter)[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Hali maada | Gesi | Kiowevu | Utegili (fizikia) | Mango
Hali ya hewa, jiolojia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Banguko | Tabianchi | El Nino | Global warming | Tetemeko la ardhi | Jiolojia | Madini | Almasi | Gandunia | Mwamba (jiolojia) | Maafa asilia | Volkeno | Hali ya hewa | Wingu | Mafuriko | Tsunami | Mvua | Mvua asidia | Theluji | Tufani | Kimbunga
Fizikia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Fizikia | Mchapuko | Atomi | Nishati | Hifadhi ya nishati | Mnururisho sumakuumeme | Mwali gama | Infraredi | Harakatiredio | Urujuanimno | Taswirangi onekani | Rangi | Kani | Sumakuumeme | Uvutano | Nuru | Sumaku | Uga sumaku | Masi | Molekuli | Umakanika kwanta | Sauti | Kasi | Kasi ya nuru | Kasi ya sauti | Nadharia ya uhusianifu | Wakati | Velositi | Uzani | Urefu
Wakati na Kalenda[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Anno Domini | Kalenda | Kalenda ya Gregori | Karne | Siku | Dakika | Milenia | Mwezi (wakati) | Ukanda wa wakati
Teknolojia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Teknolojia | Biotechnology | Mavazi | Pamba | Uhandisi | Wenzo | Roda | Sukurubu | Wedge (mechanics) | Wheel | Umwagiliaji | Plau | Ufuaji metali | Teknolojia ya nano
Mawasiliano[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Mawasiliano | Kitabu | Habari | Kamusi elezo | Uandishi wa habari | Gazeti | Vyombo vya habari | Uchapishaji | Reli | Simu
Elektroniki[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Elektroniki | Mkondo wa umeme | Marudio | Kapasita | Kidukizi | Transista | Diode | Kikinza | Transfoma
Kompyuta na tovuti[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Kompyuta | Diski kuu | CPU | RAM | Artificial Intelligence | Information technology | Algorithm | Tovuti | mail | World Wide Web | Operating system | Programming language | Software | User interface
Nishati na mafuta[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Energy (technology) | Renewable energy | Electricity | Nuclear power | Fossil fuel | Internal combustion engine | Injini ya mvuke | Moto
Malighafi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Kioo | Karatasi | Plastiki | Ubao
Usafiri[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Usafiri | Ndege (uanahewa) | Motokaa | Baisikeli | Boti | Meli | Treni
Silaha[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Silaha | Kilipukaji | Baruti | Bunduki | Bombomu | Silaha ya nyuklia | Upanga | Kifaru (jeshi)
Vyakula[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Chakula | Mkate | Nafaka | Shayiri | Mhindi | Oti | Mpunga | Ngano nyekundu | Mtama | Ngano | Jibini | Chokoleti | Asali | Tunda | Tofaa | Ndizi | Zabibu | Jamii kunde | Soya | Limau | Jozi | Nyama | Sukari | Mboga za majani | Kiazi
Vinywaji[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Bia | Divai | Kahawa | Maziwa | Chai | Maji | Maji ya matunda
Hisabati[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Hisabati | Algebra | Arithmetic | Axiom | Calculus | Jiometria | Duara | Pi | Mraba | Pembetatu | Group theory | Thibitisho la kihisabati | Namba | Namba changamano | Integer | Namba asilia | Namba tasa | Rational number | Infinity | Nadharia ya seti | Takwimu | Trigonometria
Vipimo[hariri | hariri chanzo]
| Upimaji | Joule | Kilogramu | Lita | Mita | Newton | SI | Volt | Watt | Sekunde | Kelvini