NATO
NATO ni kifupi cha North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (Kifaransa: OTAN, Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord) au Jumuiya ya Mkataba wa Atlantiki ya Kaskazini ambayo ni ushirikiano wa kujihami ya kambi ya magharibi. Inaunganisha nchi nyingi za Ulaya pamoja na Marekani na Kanada. Nchi wanachama zimeahidi kuteteana kama moja inashambuliwa na nje. Makao makuu yapo Brussels.
NATO ilianzishwa mwaka 1949 wakati wa vita baridi kama maungano ya nchi za Ulaya ya magharibi pamoja na Marekani dhidi ya Umoja wa Kisovyeti na nchi shiriki zake katika Mapatano ya Warshawa. Nchi wanachama wa kwanza walikuwa Marekani, Ubelgiji, Uholanzi, Luxemburg, Ufaransa, Uingereza, Kanada, Ureno, Italia, Norwei, Denmark na Iceland. 1952 Ugiriki na Uturuki zilijiunga pia zikafuatwa na Ujerumani ya Magharibi.
Baada ya mwisho wa vita baridi nchi zilizokuwa chini ya Umoja wa Kisoveti kama sehemu ya kambi ya kikomunisti zilijiunga na NATO kuanzia mwaka 1999. Ndizo Hungaria, Ucheki, Poland (1999), halafu Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria na Romania (2004).
Kroatia na Albania zimekaribishwa kujiunga na NATO lakini zinapaswa kutimiza masharti kadhaa juu ya demokrasia na utawala ndani ya taifa. Jamhuri ya Masedonia ilikaribishwa pia lakini Ugiriki ilikataza mwaliko hadi Masedonia itapatana juu ya jina lake linalodaiwa na Ugiriki pia.
Viugo vya Nje[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- NATO Official Website
- History of NATO – the Atlantic Alliance - UK Government site
- Basic NATO Documents
- The Globalization of Military Power: NATO Expansion (CRG)
- 'NATO force 'feeds Kosovo sex trade' (The Guardian)
- NATO Maintenance and Supply Agency (NAMSA) Official Website
- NATO Consultation, Command and Control Agency (NC3A) Official Website
- Joint Warfare Centre
- NATO Response Force Article
- NATO searches for defining role
- Official Article on NATO Response Force
- Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding NATO
- Balkan Anti NATO Center, Greece
- NATO Defense College
- Atlantic Council of the United States
- CBC Digital Archives - One for all: The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
- NATO at Fifty: New Challenges, Future Uncertainties U.S. Institute of Peace Report, Machi 1999
- NATO at 50
- Ukraine shelves bid to join NATO
- Operation Deny Flight fact sheet
- National Model NATO
- The Impact of NATO forces in Afghanistan An analysis of the effects of the U.S. led occupation on the political and social climate of Afghanistan.
- ESDI evolution in NATO: The presentation of the Eurocorps-Foreign Legion concept and its Single European Regiment at the European Parliament in June 2003
