NATO

Nchi wanachama wa NATO mwaka 2020 kwa rangi ya buluu.

Uenezi wa NATO hadi mwaka 2020.

NATO (kifupi cha North Atlantic Treaty Organisation; kwa Kifaransa: OTAN, Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord, yaani Jumuiya ya Mkataba wa Atlantiki ya Kaskazini) ni ushirikiano wa kujihami ya kambi ya magharibi. Inaunganisha nchi 28 za Ulaya pamoja na Marekani na Kanada. Nchi wanachama zimeahidi kuteteana kama moja inashambuliwa na nchi ya nje. Makao makuu yapo Brussels.

Historia

NATO ilianzishwa mwaka 1949 wakati wa vita baridi kama maungano ya nchi za Ulaya ya magharibi pamoja na Marekani dhidi ya Umoja wa Kisovyeti na nchi shiriki zake katika Mapatano ya Warshawa. Nchi wanachama wa kwanza walikuwa Marekani, Ubelgiji, Uholanzi, Luxemburg, Ufaransa, Uingereza, Kanada, Ureno, Italia, Norwei, Denmark na Iceland. 1952 Ugiriki na Uturuki zilijiunga pia zikafuatwa na Ujerumani ya Magharibi.

Baada ya mwisho wa vita baridi nchi zilizokuwa chini ya Umoja wa Kisoveti kama sehemu ya kambi ya kikomunisti zilijiunga na NATO kuanzia mwaka 1999. Ndizo Hungaria, Ucheki, Poland (1999), halafu Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Romania (2004), Kroatia, Albania (2009), Montenegro (2017), Masedonia Kaskazini (2020).

Viungo vya Nje

• NATO Official Website
• History of NATO – the Atlantic Alliance - UK Government site
• Basic NATO Documents
• The Globalization of Military Power: NATO Expansion (CRG)
• 'NATO force 'feeds Kosovo sex trade' (The Guardian)
• NATO Maintenance and Supply Agency (NAMSA) Official Website
• NATO Consultation, Command and Control Agency (NC3A) Official Website Archived Januari 14, 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
• Joint Warfare Centre
• NATO Response Force Article
• NATO searches for defining role
• Official Article on NATO Response Force
• Congressional Research Service (CRS) Reports regarding NATO Archived Mei 12, 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
• Balkan Anti NATO Center, Greece
• NATO Defense College
• Atlantic Council of the United States Archived Desemba 22, 2003 at the Wayback Machine.
• CBC Digital Archives - One for all: The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
• NATO at Fifty: New Challenges, Future Uncertainties U.S. Institute of Peace Report, Machi 1999
• NATO at 50
• Ukraine shelves bid to join NATO
• Operation Deny Flight fact sheet Archived Agosti 21, 2006 at the Wayback Machine.
• National Model NATO Archived Juni 26, 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
• The Impact of NATO forces in Afghanistan Archived Mei 14, 2008 at the Wayback Machine. An analysis of the effects of the U.S. led occupation on the political and social climate of Afghanistan.
• ESDI evolution in NATO: The presentation of the Eurocorps-Foreign Legion concept and its Single European Regiment at the European Parliament in June 2003 Archived Septemba 27, 2006 at the Wayback Machine.