Papa Eleutero

Papa Eleutero (kwa Kigiriki Ελευθέριος) alikuwa Papa kuanzia takriban 171/177 hadi kifo chake takriban 185/193^[1]. Alitokea Nikopoli, Ugiriki.

Alimfuata Papa Soter akafuatwa na Papa Viktor I.

Egesipo aliandika kwamba alikuwa shemasi wa Roma chini ya Papa Aniseti na Papa Soter.

Chini yake uzushi ulienea ^[2] na Eleutero aliandika kitabu kuupinga ^[3]

Wafiadini wa Lyon, wakiwa gerezani, walimuandikia barua nzuri sana kuhusu kudumisha amani ya Kanisa^[4].

Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na Wakatoliki na Waorthodoksi kama mtakatifu.

Sikukuu yake huadhimishwa tarehe 26 Mei^[5].

Tazama pia[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Tanbihi[hariri | hariri chanzo]

↑ https://www.vatican.va/content/vatican/en/holy-father.index.html#holy-father
↑ The Montanist movement, which originated in Asia Minor, made its way to Rome and Gaul in the second half of the 2nd century, during the reign of Eleuterus. Its nature did not diverge so much from the orthodoxy of the time for it to initially be labeled heresy. During the violent persecution at Lyon, in 177, local confessors wrote from their prison concerning the new movement to the Asiatic and Phrygian communities as well as to Pope Eleuterus. Cfr. Eusebius, Historia Ecclesiastica, 5.3.4; translated by G.A. Williamson, Eusebius: The History of the Church (Harmonsworth: Penguin, 1965), p. 206. The bearer of their letter to the pope was the presbyter Irenaeus, soon to become Bishop of Lyon. It appears from statements of Eusebius concerning these letters that the Christians of Lyon, though opposed to the Montanist movement, advocated patience and pleaded for the preservation of ecclesiastical unity. When the Roman church took its definite stand against Montanism is not precisely known. Tertullian records that a Roman bishop sent some conciliatory letters to the Montanists, but based on the complaints of Praxeas "concerning the prophets themselves and their churches, and by insistence on the decisions of the bishop's predecessors" forced the pontiff to recall these letters. Cfr. Adversus Praxeam, 1
↑ The Praedestinatorum Haeresis (once attributed to Augustine of Hippo, but now considered to be the work of an unknown author) states that "Holy Soter, Pope of the City, wrote against them a book, as did the master, Apollonius of Ephesus. Against these wrote the priest Tertullian of Carthage, who "in all ways wrote well, wrote first and wrote incomparably, in this alone did reprehensibly, that he defended Montanus". Cfr. Pseudo-Augustine, Praedestinatorum Haeresis, 1.26
↑ https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/89013
↑ Martyrologium Romanum: ex Decreto Sacrosancti oecumenici Concilii Vaticani II instauratum auctoritate Ioannis Pauli P.P. II promulgatum, Romae 2001, ISBN 8820972107

Vyanzo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Bede (1903) [731]. The Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation. London: J.M. Dent & Co. Wikisource. [[wikisource:Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation (Jane)/Book 1#9}}}|9]].
Brusher, Joseph Stanislaus (1980). Popes Through the Ages. San Rafael, California: Neff-Kane. ISBN 978-0-89-141110-9.
(1956) Butler's Lives of the Saints 2. London: Burns & Oates.
Davis, Raymond (1989). The Book of Pontiffs (Liber Pontificalis), 1st, Liverpool University Press. ISBN 9780853232162.
Eusebius (1885). Historia Ecclesiastica. Wikisource.
Geoffrey of Monmouth (1848) [c. 1136]. Geoffrey of Monmouth's British History. Wikisource. Vol. IV, Ch. XIX. From: (1848) Six Old English Chronicles. London: Henry G. Bohn.
(1869) "Appendix A: Date of Introduction of Christianity into Britain", Councils and Ecclesiastical Documents Relating to Great Britain and Ireland I. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 25.
Knight, David J. (2012). King Lucius of Britain. Stroud, England: History Press. ISBN 9780752474458.
Nennius, [attributed] (1848) [c. 830]. History of the Britons. Wikisource. From: (1848) Six Old English Chronicles of Which Two Are Now First Translated from the Monkish Latin Originals: Ethelwerd's Chronicle, Asser's Life of Alfred, Geoffrey of Monmouth's British History, Gildas, Nennius, and Richard of Cirencester. London: Henry G. Bohn.
Rees, William Jenkins (1840). The liber Landavensis, Llyfr Teilo; or the ancient register of the cathedral church of Llandaff, with an English translation and notes. Llandovery: Rees.
von Harnack, Adolf (1904). Sitzungsberichte der Berliner Akademie I.

Marejeo mengine[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Beda Venerabilis (731). Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum. Wikisource. Book I, Ch. IV.
Geoffrey of Monmouth (1854). Historia Regnum Britanniae (in la). From: (1854) Gottfried's von Monmouth Historia Regum Britanniae, mit literar-historischer Einleitung und ausführlichen Anmerkungen, und Brut Tysylio, altwälsce Chronik in deutscher Ueberseizung. Halle, Germany: Eduard Anton.
Nennius [attrib.] (1898) [c. 830]. Mommsen, Theodor. ed. Historia Brittonum. Wikisource. Vol. II, Ch. xxii.. From: (1898) "Historia Brittonvm cvm additamentis Nennii", Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Cronica Minora, Saec. IV.V.VI.VII. III. Berlin: Societas Aperiendis Fontibus Rerum Germanicarum Medii Aevi.

Viungo vya nje[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Kuhusu Papa Eleutero katika Kamusi Elezo ya Kikatoliki

Makala hii kuhusu Papa fulani bado ni mbegu.
Je, unajua kitu kuhusu Papa Eleutero kama wasifu wake, habari za maisha au kazi yake?
Je, unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa?
Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuiongezea habari.

[1] ttps://www.vatican.va/content/vatican/en/holy-father.index.html#holy-father

[2] The Montanist movement, which originated in Asia Minor, made its way to Rome and Gaul in the second half of the 2nd century, during the reign of Eleuterus. Its nature did not diverge so much from the orthodoxy of the time for it to initially be labeled heresy. During the violent persecution at Lyon, in 177, local confessors wrote from their prison concerning the new movement to the Asiatic and Phrygian communities as well as to Pope Eleuterus. Cfr. Eusebius, Historia Ecclesiastica, 5.3.4; translated by G.A. Williamson, Eusebius: The History of the Church (Harmonsworth: Penguin, 1965), p. 206. The bearer of their letter to the pope was the presbyter Irenaeus, soon to become Bishop of Lyon. It appears from statements of Eusebius concerning these letters that the Christians of Lyon, though opposed to the Montanist movement, advocated patience and pleaded for the preservation of ecclesiastical unity. When the Roman church took its definite stand against Montanism is not precisely known. Tertullian records that a Roman bishop sent some conciliatory letters to the Montanists, but based on the complaints of Praxeas "concerning the prophets themselves and their churches, and by insistence on the decisions of the bishop's predecessors" forced the pontiff to recall these letters. Cfr. Adversus Praxeam, 1

[3] The Praedestinatorum Haeresis (once attributed to Augustine of Hippo, but now considered to be the work of an unknown author) states that "Holy Soter, Pope of the City, wrote against them a book, as did the master, Apollonius of Ephesus. Against these wrote the priest Tertullian of Carthage, who "in all ways wrote well, wrote first and wrote incomparably, in this alone did reprehensibly, that he defended Montanus". Cfr. Pseudo-Augustine, Praedestinatorum Haeresis, 1.26

[4] ttps://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/89013

[5] Martyrologium Romanum: ex Decreto Sacrosancti oecumenici Concilii Vaticani II instauratum auctoritate Ioannis Pauli P.P. II promulgatum, Romae 2001, ISBN 8820972107

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[5]

v d e Mapapa wa Kanisa Katoliki
Orodha ya mapapa watakatifu Papa mteule Antipapa
karne ya 1 hadi ya 4	Petro Lino Kleto Klementi I Evaristo Aleksanda I Sisto I Telesforo Higino Pius I Aniseto Soter Eleutero Vikta I Zefirino Kalisto I Urbano I Pontiano Antero Fabiano Cornelio Lucius I Stefano I Sisto II Dionisi Felisi I Eutikiani Kayo Marcellinus Marcellus I Eusebio Miltiades Silvesta I Marko Julius I Liberi Damasi I Sirisi Anastasi I
karne ya 5 hadi ya 8	Inosenti I Zosimus Bonifasi I Selestini I Sisto III Leo I Hilari Simplisi Felisi III Gelasi I Anastasi II Simako Hormisdas Yohane I Felisi IV Bonifasi II Yohane II Agapetus I Silverius Vigilius Pelagius I Yohane III Benedikto I Pelagius II Gregori I Sabiniano Bonifasi III Bonifasi IV Adeodatus I Bonifasi V Honori I Severino Yohane IV Theodori I Martino I Eujeni I Vitaliano Adeodatus II Donus Agatho Leo II Benedikto II Yohane V Kononi Sergius I Yohane VI Yohane VII Sisini Konstantino Gregori II Gregori III Zakaria Stefano II Paulo I Stefano III Adriano I Leo III
karne ya 9 hadi ya 12	Stefano IV Paskali I Eujeni II Valentino Gregori IV Sergius II Leo IV Benedikto III Nikolasi I Adriano II Yohane VIII Marinus I Adriano III Stefano V Formosus Bonifasi VI Stefano VI Romanus Theodori II Yohane IX Benedikto IV Leo V Sergius III Anastasi III Lando Yohane X Leo VI Stefano VII Yohane XI Leo VII Stefano VIII Marinus II Agapetus II Yohane XII Leo VIII Benedikto V Yohane XIII Benedikto VI Benedikto VII Yohane XIV Yohane XV Gregori V Silvesta II Yohane XVII Yohane XVIII Sergius IV Benedikto VIII Yohane XIX Benedikto IX Silvesta III Benedikto IX Gregori VI Klementi II Benedikto IX Damasi II Leo IX Vikta II Stefano IX Nikolasi II Aleksanda II Gregori VII Vikta III Urbano II Paskali II Gelasius II Kalisto II Honori II Inosenti II Selestini II Lucius II Eujeni III Anastasi IV Adriano IV Aleksanda III Lucius III Urbano III Gregori VIII Klementi III Selestini III Inosenti III
karne ya 13 hadi ya 16	Honori III Gregori IX Selestini IV Inosenti IV Aleksanda IV Urbano IV Klementi IV Gregori X Inosenti V Adriano V Yohane XXI Nikolasi III Martino IV Honori IV Nikolasi IV Selestini V Bonifasi VIII Benedikto XI Klementi V Yohane XXII Benedikto XII Klementi VI Inosenti VI Urbano V Gregori XI Urbano VI Bonifasi IX Inosenti VII Gregori XII Martino V Eujeni IV Nikolasi V Kalisto III Pius II Paulo II Sisto IV Inosenti VIII Aleksanda VI Pius III Julius II Leo X Adriano VI Klementi VII Paulo III Julius III Marcellus II Paulo IV Pius IV Pius V Gregori XIII Sisto V Urbano VII Gregori XIV Inosenti IX Klementi VIII
karne ya 17 hadi ya 20	Leo XI Paulo V Gregori XV Urbano VIII Inosenti X Aleksanda VII Klementi IX Klementi X Inosenti XI Aleksanda VIII Inosenti XII Klementi XI Inosenti XIII Benedikto XIII Klementi XII Benedikto XIV Klementi XIII Klementi XIV Pius VI Pius VII Leo XII Pius VIII Gregori XVI Pius IX Leo XIII Pius X Benedikto XV Pius XI Pius XII Yohane XXIII Paulo VI Yohane Paulo I Yohane Paulo II
karne ya 21	Benedikto XVI Fransisko
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