Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi ya Afrika

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Ramani ya Umoja wa Afrika.

Jumuiya ya Kiuchumi ya Afrika (kwa Kiingereza: African Economic Community, kifupi: AEC) ni muundo wa nchi za Umoja wa Afrika ambao unaweka misingi ya maendeleo ya pamoja kati ya nchi zilizo nyingi za Afrika.

Jumuiya ilianzishwa kwa Abuja Treaty, iliyosainiwa mwaka 1991 na kuanza kufanya kazi mwaka 1994.

Kupitia hatua sita, malengo ni kuanzisha maeneo ya biashara huru, miungano ya forodha, soko la pamoja, benki kuu na pesa ya pamoja (African Monetary Union) hadi kufikia muungano katika uchumi na pesa mwaka 2028 na kukamilisha mpango mzima kabla ya mwaka 2034.

Nguzo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Kwa sasa barani Afrika kuna jumuia za kiuchumi kadhaa ambazo wanachama wake mara nyingi zinahusika na zaidi ya mojawapo. Ndizo zinazoitwa nguzo za Jumuia. Ni kama ifuatavyo:

Nguzo Sehemu zake
Community of Sahel-Saharan States (CEN-SAD)
Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)
East African Community (EAC)
Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS/CEEAC) Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC)
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA)

West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ)

Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD)
Southern African Development Community (SADC) Southern African Customs Union (SACU)
Arab Maghreb Union (UMA)

Uanachama katika nguzo hizo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

CEN-SAD
Waanzilishi (1998):

Waliojiunga baadaye:

COMESA
Waanzilishi (1994):

Waliojiunga baadaye:

Waliotoka:
ECOWAS
Waanzilishi (1975):
UEMOA-94

Joined later:

Waliotoka:
UEMOA-94: UEMOA state from 1994

UEMOA-97: UEMOA state from 1997
WAMZ-00: WAMZ state from 2000
WAMZ-10: WAMZ state from 2010

EAC
Waanzilishi (2001):

Waliojiunga baadaye:

ECCAS
Waanzilishi (1985):

Waliojiunga baadaye:

CEMAC-99: CEMAC state from 1999
SADC
Waanzilishi (1980):

Waliojiunga baadaye:

SACU-70: SACU state from 1970

SACU-90: SACU state from 1990

IGAD
Waanzilishi (1986):

Waliojiunga baadaye:

UMA Haishiriki katika AEC, kwa sababu ya upinzani wa Moroko
Waanzilishi (1989):

     wanachama; mwaka wa kujiunga      wanachama; mwaka wa kujiunga; ushirikiano umesimama      wanachama watarajiwa; mwaka wa kuomba kujiunga

Nguzo za African Economic Community.      CEN-SAD      COMESA      EAC      ECCAS      ECOWAS      IGAD      SADC      UMA
Nguzo zilizo hai.      COMESA      EAC      ECCAS      ECOWAS      SADC

Makundi mengine[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Makundi mengine yasiyomo katika African Economic Community.      GAFTA      CEPGL      COI      LGA      MRU

Makundi mengine yasiyomo katika African Economic Community ni:

African Free Trade Zone[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Viongozi wa SADC, COMESA na EAC walitangaza tarehe 22 Oktoba 2008 nia ya kuanzisha African Free Trade Zone (AFTZ).

Mnamo Mei 2012 mpango ulihusisha pia ECOWAS, ECCAS na AMU.[4]

Continental Free Trade Area[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Mnamo Juni 2015, Umoja wa Afrika ulianzisha majadiliano ili kufikia Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA) ambayo ihusishe nchi zote 55 za Afrika kufikia mwaka 2017.

Jamii za Kiuchumi za Afrika
Kambi
Nguzo za
Maeneo
Eneo (km²) Idadi ya Watu GDP (PPP) ($US) Wanachama
katika mamilioni kwa kila mtu
AEC 29,910,442 853,520,010 2,053,706 2,406 53
ECOWAS 5,112,903 251,646,263 342,519 1,361 15
ECCAS 6,667,421 121,245,958 175,928 1,451 11
SADC 9,882,959 233,944,179 737,335 3,152 15
EAC 1,817,945 124,858,568 104,239 1,065 5
COMESA 12,873,957 406,102,471 735,599 1,811 20
IGAD 5,233,604 187,969,775 225,049 1,197 7
Sahara
Magharibi
1
266,000 273,008 ? ? N/A 2
Kambi
Nyingine
za Afrika
Eneo (km²) Idadi ya Watu GDP (PPP) ($US) Wanachama
katika mamilioni kwa kila mtu
CEMAC 3 3,020,142 34,970,529 85,136 2,435 6
SACU 3 2,693,418 51,055,878 541,433 10,605 5
UEMOA 3 3,505,375 80,865,222 101,640 1,257 8
UMA 4 5,782,140 84,185,073 491,276 5,836 5
GAFTA 5 5,876,960 166,259,603 635,450 3,822 5
1 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) ni
mtia sahihi wa AEC, lakini haipo katika Kambi yoyote

2 Wengi wako chini ya jeshi la Moroko
3 Kambi iliyo ndani ya nguzo REC
4 Limependekezwa kuwa na nguzo REC lakini halitaki kushiriki
5 Wanachama wa GAFTA wasio Waafrika wametolewa katika takwimu
     Idadi ndogo zaidi kati ya kambi zilizolinganishwa      Idadi kubwa zaidi kati ya kambi zilizolinganishwa During 2004. Source: CIA World Factbook 2005, IMF WEO Database

Tanbihi[hariri | hariri chanzo]

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