Wamandinka
Wamandinka (pia wanajulikana kama Mandenka, Mandinko, Mandingo, Manding au Malinke)[1] ni jina la kabila kubwa huko Afrika ya Magharibi. Wanakadiriwa kufikia milioni kumi na moja (makundi mengine makubwa ya kikabila katika eneo hilo ambao hawahusiani ni pamoja na Wafula, Wahausa na Wasonghai). Wamandinka ni kizazi cha Dola la Mali, ambao walitamba sana wakati wa utawala wa mfalme wa Kimandinka Sundiata Keita.
Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- ↑ Godfrey Mwakikagile (2010). The Gambia and Its People: Ethnic Identities and Cultural Integration in Africa. New Africa Press. ku. 43–44. ISBN 978-9987-16-023-5.
Jisomee
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Charry, Eric S. (2000). Mande Music: Traditional and Modern Music of the Maninka and Mandinka of Western Africa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-10161-4.
- Lucie Gallistel Colvin. Historical Dictionary of Senegal. Scarecrow Press/ Metuchen. NJ - Kondon (1981) pp. 216–217
- Pascal James Imperato. Historical Dictionary of Mali. Scarecrow Press/ Metuchen. NJ - Kondon (1986) pp. 190–191
- Robert J. Mundt. Historical Dictionary of the Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire). Scarecrow Press/ Metuchen. NJ - Kondon (1987) pp. 98–99
- Robert W. Nicholls. "The Mocko Jumbie of the U.S. Virgin Islands; History and Antecedents". African Arts, Vol. 32, No. 3 (Autumn, 1999), pp. 48–61+94-96
- Matt Schaffer (Editor). "Djinns, Stars and Warriors: Mandinka Legends from Pakao, Senegal" (African Sources for African History, 5) Brill Academic Publishers (2003) ISBN 978-90-04-13124-8
- Matt Schaffer. "Bound to Africa: The Mandinka Legacy in The New World". History in Africa 32 (2005) 321-369
- ETHNOLOGUE Languages of the World- Thirteenth Edition (1996).
Viungo vya Nje
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Mandinka Ilihifadhiwa 28 Desemba 2005 kwenye Wayback Machine.
- Malinke Ilihifadhiwa 31 Mei 2010 kwenye Wayback Machine.
- A UK based website devoted to playing Malinke djembe rhythms Ilihifadhiwa 27 Juni 2019 kwenye Wayback Machine.
- The Ethnologue page for this people group