Kombe la Dunia la FIFA
Kombe la Dunia la FIFA au Kombe la dunia la soka ni mchuano wa kimataifa wa mchezo wa soka kwa wanaume. Iliamuliwa 28 Mei 1928 na Shirikisho la Soka Duniani (FIFA) kwa msukumo wa rais wake Jules Rimet, ilikuwa wazi kwa timu zote za mashirikisho yanayotambuliwa na FIFA, wakiwemo wataalamu, wakijitofautisha katika hili na mashindano ya Olimpiki. mpira wa miguu, wakati huo uliotengwa kwa wastaafu.
Inafanyika kwa mara ya kwanza mnamo 1930, huko Uruguay (bingwa wa Olimpiki 1924 na 1928), na kila baada ya miaka minne (isipokuwa mnamo 1942 na 1946 kwa sababu ya Vita Kuu ya Pili ya Dunia. Tangu toleo la pili, mnamo 1934, Kombe la Dunia limejumuisha awamu ya kufuzu kwa kanda za bara, ambayo kwa sasa imeandaliwa na kila shirikisho la bara, na awamu ya mwisho ambayo inaleta pamoja timu zilizofuzu (16 kutoka 1934 hadi 1978, 24 kutoka 1982 hadi 1994, 32 kutoka 1998) katika nchi moja au zaidi kwa takriban mwezi mmoja. Awamu hii ya mwisho kwa sasa inajumuisha raundi ya kwanza kwa makundi ambayo yanafuzu timu kumi na sita kwa awamu ya muondoano kutoka kwa hatua ya 16. Nchi mwenyeji wa awamu ya mwisho imeteuliwa na FIFA na inafuzu moja kwa moja.
Kati ya matoleo ishirini na moja yaliyoshindaniwa hadi 2018, ni mataifa manane tu ambayo tayari yameshinda taji angalau mara moja. Brazili, timu pekee iliyocheza katika hatua zote za mwisho za mashindano hayo, inashikilia rekodi ya kuwa na mataji matano ya dunia na kushinda haki ya kuhifadhi Kombe la Jules-Rimet mnamo 1970 baada ya ushindi wake wa 3 wa fainali katika mashindano hayo, na Pelé, mchezaji bingwa wa dunia mara tatu pekee. Italia na Ujerumani wana mataji manne. Uruguay, washindi nyumbani wa toleo la kwanza, Argentina na Ufaransa wameshinda Kombe mara mbili, Uingereza na Uhispania mara moja.
Mashindano ndilo tukio la michezo linalotazamwa zaidi kwenye televisheni duniani pamoja na Michezo ya Olimpiki na Kombe la Dunia la Kriketi. Kiuchumi, mashindano ni chanzo muhimu cha mapato kwa FIFA na yanaweza kuwa na athari chanya katika ukuaji wa sekta fulani za shughuli na kwa maendeleo ya nchi mwenyeji. Miundombinu, ikiwa ni pamoja na viwanja, hujengwa au kukarabatiwa katika hafla hii.
Historia
Kulikuwa na jaribio la FIFA kuandaa mashindano ya kimataifa ya kandanda kati ya nchi zilizo nje ya Olimpiki mnamo 1906 na hii ilifanyika Uswizi. Ilikuwa ni siku ya mapema sana kwa soka la kimataifa na historia rasmi ya FIFA inaeleza mashindano hayo kuwa yameshindwa. Mnamo 1914, FIFA ilikubali kutambua mashindano ya Olimpiki kama "mashindano ya kandanda ya ulimwengu kwa wastaafu", na ilichukua jukumu la kuandaa hafla hizo. Hii ilisababisha njia kwa mashindano ya kwanza ya kandanda ya kimataifa ya mabara, katika Olimpiki ya Majira ya 1920, iliyoshinda na Ubelgiji. Uruguay ilishinda mashindano hayo mnamo 1924 na 1928.
Historia ya ubingwa wa ulimwengu wa mpira wa miguu ilianza mnamo 1928, wakati rais wa FIFA, Jules Rimet, aliamua kuanzisha mashindano kwa timu za kitaifa ilipanga moja kwa moja bila ya Olimpiki. FIFA inaamua kuandaa Kombe la Dunia la FIFA la kwanza kama Uruguay, ambayo ilishinda medali za dhahabu katika kandanda kwenye Olimpiki ya Majira ya 1924 na Olimpiki ya Majira ya 1928 na mnamo 1930 inaadhimisha miaka mia moja ya uhuru.
Shukrani tu kwa kujitolea kwa Jules Rimet, iliwezekana kuhakikisha ushiriki wa timu 13, ambazo 4 tu za Uropa (Ufaransa, Ubelgiji, Yugoslavia na Romania) na zingine zinazowakilisha nchi za Amerika (pamoja na Uruguay pia zilikuwepo. Chile, Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazili, Peru, Mexiko na Marekani). Kwa vile idadi ya chini iliyowekwa kuwa 16 haikufikiwa na hakukuwa na raundi za kufuzu zilizochezwa kwa mara ya pekee katika historia. Uruguay ilishinda Argentina 4-2 mbele ya watazamaji 93,000 katika fainali iliyochezwa Montevideo.
Fainali
† | Mechi ilishinda wakati wa ziada |
* | Mechi ilishinda kwa mikwaju ya penalti |
Msimu | Washindi | Alama[1] | Nafasi ya pili | Uwanja wa fainali | Nchi mwenyeji | Refs | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1930 | Uruguay | 4–2 | Argentina | Estadio Centenario | Montevideo, Uruguay | 68,346 | [2][3] |
1934 | Italia | 2–1 | Chekoslovakia | Stadio Nazionale PNF | Rome, Italia | 50,000 | [4][5] |
1938 | Italia | 4–2 | Hungaria | Stade Olympique de Colombes | Colombes, Ufaransa | 45,000 | [6][7] |
1950 | Uruguay | 2–1 | Brazili | Estadio do Maracanã | Rio de Janeiro, Brazili | 173,850 | [8][9] |
1954 | Ujerumani ya Magharibi | 3–2 | Hungaria | Wankdorf Stadium | Bern, Uswisi | 60,000 | [10][11] |
1958 | Brazili | 5–2 | Uswidi | Råsunda Stadium | Solna, Uswidi | 51,800 | [12][13] |
1962 | Brazili | 3–1 | Chekoslovakia | Estadio Nacional | Santiago, Chile | 69,000 | [14][15] |
1966 | Uingereza | 4–2 | Ujerumani ya Magharibi | Wembley Stadium | London, Uingereza | 96,924 | [16][17] |
1970 | Brazili | 4–1 | Italia | Estadio Azteca | Mexico, Mexiko | 107,412 | [18][19] |
1974 | Ujerumani ya Magharibi | 2–1 | Uholanzi | Olympiastadion | München, Ujerumani ya Magharibi | 75,200 | [20][21] |
1978 | Argentina | 3–1 | Uholanzi | Estadio Monumental | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 71,483 | [22][23] |
1982 | Italia | 3–1 | Ujerumani ya Magharibi | Santiago Bernabéu | Madrid, Hispania | 90,000 | [24][25] |
1986 | Argentina | 3–2 | Ujerumani ya Magharibi | Estadio Azteca | Mexico, Mexiko | 114,600 | [26][27] |
1990 | Ujerumani ya Magharibi | 1–0 | Argentina | Stadio Olimpico | Rome, Italia | 73,603 | [28][29] |
1994 | Brazili | 0–0 (3–2 pen.) |
Italia | Rose Bowl | Pasadena, Marekani | 94,194 | [30][31] |
1998 | Ufaransa | 3–0 | Brazili | Stade de France | Saint-Denis, Ufaransa | 75,000 | [32][33] |
2002 | Brazili | 2–0 | Ujerumani | International Stadium | Yokohama, Japani | 69,029 | [34][35] |
2006 | Italia | 1–1 (5–3 pen.) |
Ufaransa | Olympiastadion | Berlin, Ujerumani | 69,000 | [36][37] |
2010 | Hispania | 1–0 | Uholanzi | Soccer City | Johannesburg, Afrika Kusini | 84,490 | [38][39] |
2014 | Ujerumani | 1–0 | Argentina | Estadio do Maracanã | Rio de Janeiro, Brazili | 74,738 | [40][41] |
2018 | Ufaransa | 4–2 | Kroatia | Luzhniki Stadium | Moscow, Urusi | 78,011 | [42][43] |
2022 | Argentina | 3-3 (4:2 pen.) | Ufaransa | Lusaili Stadium | Qatar | [44] |
Nchi washindi
-
Pele akiwa juu baada ya kushinda Fainali ya Kombe la Dunia la 1970. Ndiye mchezaji pekee aliyeshinda Kombe la Dunia mara tatu.
-
Ujerumani ilinyanyua kombe la dunia mwaka 2014. Kwa jumla, Ujerumani imefika fainali ya Kombe la Dunia mara 8, mara nyingi zaidi kuliko nchi nyingine yoyote.
-
Italia imeshinda mataji manne na kutokea katika fainali nyingine mbili.
Nafasi | Nchi | Mshindi x |
Mwaka | Nafasi ya pili x |
Nafasi ya tatu x |
Nafasi ya nne x |
Fainali x |
Nusufainali x | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Brazili | 5 | 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994, 2002 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 7 | 11 | |
2 | Ujerumani / Ujerumani ya Magharibi | 4 | 1954, 1974, 1990, 2014 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 8 | 13 | |
3 | Italia | 4 | 1934, 1938, 1982, 2006 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 8 | |
4 | Argentina | 2 | 1978, 1986 | 3 | 5 | 5 | |||
5 | Ufaransa | 2 | 1998, 2018 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 | |
6 | Uruguay | 2 | 1930, 1950 | 3 | 1 | 5 | |||
7 | Uingereza | 1 | 1966 | 2 | 1 | 3 | |||
Hispania | 1 | 2010 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||
9 | Uholanzi | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 | |||
10 | Chekoslovakia / Ucheki | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||
Hungaria | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||
12 | Uswidi | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | |||
13 | Kroatia | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||
14 | Poland | 2 | 2 | ||||||
15 | Austria | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||
Ureno | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
Ubelgiji | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||
18 | Chile | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Uturuki | 1 | 1 | |||||||
Marekani | 1 | 1 | |||||||
21 | Yugoslavia / Serbia | 2 | 2 | ||||||
22 | Bulgaria | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Umoja wa Kisovyeti / Urusi | 1 | 1 | |||||||
Korea Kusini | 1 | 1 | |||||||
Mfungaji bora
Msimu | Mchezaji | Malengo |
---|---|---|
1930 | Guillermo Stábile | 8 |
1934 | Oldrich Nejedlý | 5 |
1938 | Leônidas da Silva | 7 |
1950 | Ademir de Menezes | 9 |
1954 | Sándor Kocsis | 11 |
1958 | Just Fontaine | 13 |
1962 | Garrincha | 4 |
Vavá | ||
Leonel Sánchez | ||
Flórián Albert | ||
Drazan Jerkovic | ||
Valentin Ivanov | ||
1966 | Eusébio | 9 |
1970 | Gerd Müller | 10 |
1974 | Grzegorz Lato | 7 |
1978 | Mario Kempes | 6 |
1982 | Paolo Rossi | 6 |
1986 | Gary Lineker | 6 |
1990 | Salvatore Schillaci | 6 |
1994 | Hristo Stoichkov | 6 |
Oleg Salenko | ||
1998 | Davor Suker | 6 |
2002 | Ronaldo | 8 |
2006 | Miroslav Klose | 5 |
2010 | Thomas Müller | 5 |
David Villa | ||
Wesley Sneijder | ||
Diego Forlán | ||
2014 | James Rodríguez | 6 |
2018 | Harry Kane | 6 |
2022 | Kylian Mbappé | 8 |
Tanbihi
- ↑ "FIFA World Cup Finals since 1930" (PDF). FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo (PDF) mnamo 14 Mei 2011. Iliwekwa mnamo 3 Februari 2009.
{{cite web}}
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "1930 FIFA World Cup Uruguay". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 20 Oktoba 2007. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Uruguay 1930", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-06-30.
- ↑ "1934 FIFA World Cup Italy". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 23 Machi 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Italy 1934", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2013-01-14.
- ↑ "1938 FIFA World Cup France". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 21 Januari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – France 1938", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006.
- ↑ "1950 FIFA World Cup Brazil". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 10 Februari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Brazil 1950", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-05-26.
- ↑ "1954 FIFA World Cup Switzerland". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 20 Julai 2012. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Switzerland 1954", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006.
- ↑ "1958 FIFA World Cup Sweden". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 17 Februari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Sweden 1958", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-06-30.
- ↑ "1962 FIFA World Cup Chile". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 17 Februari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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na|archive-url=
specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Chile 1962", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-06-30.
- ↑ "1966 FIFA World Cup England". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 25 Machi 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – England 1966", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2013-01-14.
- ↑ "1970 FIFA World Cup Mexico". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 25 Januari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Mexico 1970", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-06-30.
- ↑ "1974 FIFA World Cup Germany". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 26 Januari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Germany 1974", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-06-30.
- ↑ "1978 FIFA World Cup Argentina". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 12 Februari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Argentina 1978", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2013-01-13.
- ↑ "1982 FIFA World Cup Spain". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 30 Januari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Spain 1982", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-06-30.
- ↑ "1986 FIFA World Cup Mexico". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 29 Januari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Mexico 1986", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-08-04.
- ↑ "1990 FIFA World Cup Italy". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 15 Novemba 2013. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Italy 1990", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-06-30.
- ↑ "1994 FIFA World Cup USA". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2 Februari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
{{cite web}}
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – USA 1994", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2013-01-14.
- ↑ "1998 FIFA World Cup France". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 21 Julai 2011. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
{{cite web}}
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na|archive-url=
specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – France 1998", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-06-30.
- ↑ "2002 FIFA World Cup Korea/Japan". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 30 Januari 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
{{cite web}}
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na|archive-url=
specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Cup history – Japan & South Korea 2002", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006. Retrieved on 2022-08-16. Archived from the original on 2012-06-30.
- ↑ "2006 FIFA World Cup Germany". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 30 Agosti 2011. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Januari 2009.
{{cite web}}
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na|archive-url=
specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "Zidane off as Italy win World Cup", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation), 4 May 2006.
- ↑ "2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 11 Julai 2010. Iliwekwa mnamo 12 Mei 2012.
{{cite web}}
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "Netherlands 0–1 Spain (aet)", BBC Sport (British Broadcasting Corporation).
- ↑ "Estadio Do Maracana, Rio de Janeiro". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). 18 Januari 2012. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 16 Mei 2019. Iliwekwa mnamo 4 Juni 2014.
{{cite web}}
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ McNulty, Phil. "Germany 1–0 Argentina", BBC Sport, BBC, 13 July 2014.
- ↑ "Formidable France secure second title". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). 15 Julai 2018. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 15 Julai 2018. Iliwekwa mnamo 4 Juni 2019.
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specified (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "More than half the world watched record-breaking 2018 World Cup". FIFA.com (Fédération Internationale de Football Association). 21 Desemba 2018. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 4 Juni 2019. Iliwekwa mnamo 4 Juni 2019.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ https://www.fifa.com/fifaplus/en/tournaments/mens/worldcup/qatar2022
Viungo vya nje
- Tovuti ya FIFA Club World Cup Archived 1 Julai 2006 at the Wayback Machine.
- Tovuti ya FIFA Archived 1 Julai 2006 at the Wayback Machine.
- Tovuti ya Kombe la Dunia 2014 Archived 13 Machi 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
- Matokeo ya mechi za Kombe la Dunia toka 1930-2014 Archived 9 Septemba 2005 at the Wayback Machine.
- Mashindano ya Kombe la Dunia yaliyopita Archived 9 Juni 2015 at the Wayback Machine.
Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya michezo bado ni mbegu. Je, unajua kitu zaidi kuhusu Kombe la Dunia la FIFA kama historia yake, uenezi au kanuni zake? Labda unaona katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine habari zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari. |