Karamu ya mwisho

Mozaiki ya karamu ya mwisho.

Yesu akitoa maneno yake ya buriani katika Maesta ya Duccio, 1308-1311.

Mfululizo wa kurasa juu ya Yesu

Yesu Kristo na Ukristo
Umwilisho • Utoto wa Yesu • Ubatizo Arusi ya Kana • Utume wa Yesu • Mifano ya Yesu • Miujiza ya Yesu Kugeuka sura • Karamu ya mwisho • Msalaba wa Yesu • Maneno saba Kifo cha Yesu • Ufufuko wa Yesu Kupaa mbinguni • Ujio wa pili Injili • Majina ya Yesu katika Agano Jipya • Yesu kadiri ya historia • Tarehe za maisha ya Yesu • Kristolojia

Mazingira ya Yesu
Wayahudi • Kiaramu • Bikira Maria • Yosefu (mume wa Maria) • Familia takatifu • Ukoo wa Yesu • Ndugu wa Yesu • Yohane Mbatizaji

Mitazamo juu ya Yesu
Mitazamo katika Agano Jipya · Mitazamo ya Kikristo • Mitazamo ya Kiyahudi • Mitazamo ya Kiislamu • Yesu katika sanaa

Karamu ya mwisho inamaanisha mlo wa mwisho wa Yesu Kristo hapa duniani, ambao aliula pamoja na mitume wake kabla hajakamatwa na hatimaye kusulubiwa.^[1]

Katika Injili, hasa ile ya Luka, Yesu alishiriki mara nyingi karamu alizoandaliwa au alipoalikwa, kama vile ile ya arusi ya Kana. Ingawa jambo hilo lilisababisha aitwe "mlafi na mlevi", kwake ilikuwa nafasi ya kuzidi kujitambulisha kwa matendo na maneno na ya kutoa mafundisho yake.

Habari za karamu ya mwisho zinasimuliwa kirefu zaidi, hasa kwa sababu ndiyo wakati wa Yesu kuweka ukumbusho wake wa kudumu katika sakramenti ya mwili na damu yake.^[2]

Wakristo wanafanya ukumbusho huo mara nyingi, lakini hasa Alhamisi Kuu.^[3]

Barua ya kwanza kwa Wakorintho ndiyo ushahidi wa zamani zaidi kuhusu ibada hiyo. Baada yake Injili Ndugu pia ziliripoti matendo na maneno ya Yesu juu ya mkate na divai.

Injili ya Yohane haisimulii ekaristi ilivyowekwa, ila katika sura ya 6 inaripoti maneno mazito ya Yesu kuhusu mkate wa uzima, halafu katika karamu ya mwisho, pamoja na mengine, inaeleza Yesu alivyowaosha miguu Mitume na kuwaachia amri mpya ya kupendana kama yeye alivyowapenda, ambayo ndiyo lengo la ekaristi.^[4]^[5]^[6]

Picha[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Michoro ya karamu ya mwisho
Komunyo ya Mitume, kadiri ya Fra Angelico, 1440–1441
Domenico Ghirlandaio, 1480, alimchora Yuda peke yake
Ekaristi ya kwanza, kadiri ya Juan de Juanes, karne ya 16
Mchoro wa Valentin de Boulogne, 1625-1626
Bombwe
Mchoro wa Jerg Ratgeb
Mchoro wa Jaume Huguet
Mchoro wa Tiepolo

Tanbihi[hariri | hariri chanzo]

↑ "Last Supper. The final meal of Christ with His Apostles on the night before the Crucifixion.", Cross, F. L., & Livingstone, E. A. (2005). The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3rd ed. rev.) (958). Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.
↑ Walter Hazen (1 September 2002). Inside Christianity. Lorenz Educational Press. Retrieved on 3 April 2012. “The Anglican Church in England uses the term Holy Communion. In the Roman Catholic Church, both terms are used. Most Protestant churches refer to the sacrament simply as communion or The Lord's Supper. Communion reenacts the Last Supper that Jesus ate with His disciples before He was arrested and crucified.”
↑ Gwyneth Windsor, John Hughes (21 November 1990). Worship and Festivals. Heinemann. Retrieved on 11 April 2009. “On the Thursday, which is known as Maundy Thursday, Christians remember the Last Supper which Jesus had with His disciples. It was the Jewish Feast of the Passover, and the meal which they had together was the traditional Seder feast, eaten that evening by the Jews everywhere.”
↑ The Gospel according to John by Colin G. Kruse 2004 ISBN 0-8028-2771-3 page 103
↑ "The custom of placing the eucharist at the heart of the worship and fellowship of the Church may have been inspired not only by the disciples’ memory of the Last Supper with Jesus but also by the memory of their fellowship meals with Him during both His days on earth and the forty days of His risen appearances.", Bromiley, G. W. (1988; 2002). Vol. 3: The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Revised (164). Wm. B. Eerdmans.
↑ The Oxford History of Christian Worship. Oxford University Press, USA. 2005. ISBN 0-19-513886-4

Marejeo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Brown, Raymond E. An Introduction to the New Testament Doubleday 1997 ISBN 0-385-24767-2
Brown, Raymond E. et al. The New Jerome Biblical Commentary Prentice Hall 1990 ISBN 0-13-614934-0
Bultmann, Rudolf The Gospel of John Blackwell 1971
Kilgallen, John J. A Brief Commentary on the Gospel of Mark Paulist Press 1989 ISBN 0-8091-3059-9
Linders, Barnabas The Gospel of John Marshall Morgan and Scott 1972

Viungo vya nje[hariri | hariri chanzo]

"Last Supper" on Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
"The Last Supper". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913.

Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya Biblia bado ni mbegu.
Je, unajua kitu kuhusu Karamu ya mwisho kama historia yake au athari wake?
Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa?
Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari.

[1] "Last Supper. The final meal of Christ with His Apostles on the night before the Crucifixion.", Cross, F. L., & Livingstone, E. A. (2005). The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3rd ed. rev.) (958). Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.

[2] Walter Hazen (1 September 2002). Inside Christianity. Lorenz Educational Press. Retrieved on 3 April 2012. “The Anglican Church in England uses the term Holy Communion. In the Roman Catholic Church, both terms are used. Most Protestant churches refer to the sacrament simply as communion or The Lord's Supper. Communion reenacts the Last Supper that Jesus ate with His disciples before He was arrested and crucified.”

[3] Gwyneth Windsor, John Hughes (21 November 1990). Worship and Festivals. Heinemann. Retrieved on 11 April 2009. “On the Thursday, which is known as Maundy Thursday, Christians remember the Last Supper which Jesus had with His disciples. It was the Jewish Feast of the Passover, and the meal which they had together was the traditional Seder feast, eaten that evening by the Jews everywhere.”

[4] The Gospel according to John by Colin G. Kruse 2004 ISBN 0-8028-2771-3 page 103

[5] "The custom of placing the eucharist at the heart of the worship and fellowship of the Church may have been inspired not only by the disciples’ memory of the Last Supper with Jesus but also by the memory of their fellowship meals with Him during both His days on earth and the forty days of His risen appearances.", Bromiley, G. W. (1988; 2002). Vol. 3: The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Revised (164). Wm. B. Eerdmans.

[Christian_Worship_2005-6] The Oxford History of Christian Worship. Oxford University Press, USA. 2005. ISBN 0-19-513886-4

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