Benedikto Biscop
Benedikto Biscop[1] (628 hivi – 12 Januari 690), alikuwa mmonaki msomi wa Uingereza aliyeanzisha monasteri ya Monkwearmouth-Jarrow na maktaba yake maarufu[2]. Ndipo alipofariki baada ya kulala miaka 3 mfululizo kutokana na ugonjwa.
Tangu kale anaheshimiwa na Wakatoliki, Waorthodoksi na Waanglikana kama mtakatifu.
Sikukuu yake huadhimishwa tarehe ya kifo chake[3].
Maisha
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Mtoto wa ukoo maarufu wa Northumbria, alipofikia umri wa miaka 25, Benedikto alikwenda Roma kwa mara ya kwanza kati ya 5, akirudi amejaa bidii "kwa ustawi wa Kanisa la Uingereza"[4]
Miaka 12 baadaye Benedikto alikwenda tena Roma, na wakati wa kurudi alibaki miaka 2 (665-667) katika monasteri ya Lérins, alipopata malezi, na hatimaye kuwekwa wakfu kama mmonaki kwa jina jipya la "Benedikto".
Halafu akaenda tena Roma alipoagizwa na Papa kuongozana na askofu mkuu Theodoro wa Tarso hadi Canterbury (669). Walipofika Theodoro alimfanya Benedikto abati wa Canterbury, akashika nafasi hiyo miaka 2.[5]
Katika safari zake, Biscop alikusanya vitabu vingi, kama 250, kuhusu Biblia, lakini pia fasihi n.k.[6] Lengo lake lilikuwa kwamba ndani ya ugo wa monasteri Wabenedikto wafaidike na lishe ya akili kufikia upendo kamili kwa ustawi wa Kanisa[7].
Mwaka 674 alipewa eneo kubwa kwa ajili ya kuanzisha monasteri mpya. Hapo akatafuta barani mafundi wa hali ya juu ili kujenga kwa usanifu.
Alikwenda Roma kwa mara ya mwisho mwaka 679 ili kupata vitabu vingine, masalia, mafundi na fadhili kadhaa kutoka kwa Papa Agatho.[8][9]
Mwaka 682 Benedikto alimteua Eosterwine kama mwandamizi, lakini mfalme, kwa kufurahia maendeleo ya monasteri, alimuongezea eneo ili kuanzisha ya pili huko Jarrow kwa wamonaki 20 chini ya Ceolfrid.[9][10]
Lengo la Benedikto lilikuwa kuanzisha monasteri bora huko Uingereza, kufuatana na mifano aliyoiona barani. Alikuwa wa kwanza kujenga huko kwa mawe na vioo. Ndipo mwanafunzi wake bora, Beda alipoweza kuandika vitabu vyake.
Tazama pia
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale
- Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo
- Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika
- Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko
Tanbihi
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- ↑ HAbb, I; Blair, p. 155. Biscop, while unusual, is not a unique Northumbrian byname. Blair notes the possibility that, given the proximity of Benedict's birth and King Edwin of Deira's conversion, some unusual circumstances his birth, or perhaps baptism, may account for this byname.
- ↑ HAbb, IV & VI; Blair, pp. 165ff.
- ↑ Martyrologium Romanum
- ↑ St. Benedict Biscop (AD 628–689) Archived 29 Julai 2014 at the Wayback Machine.. An edition of Gibson, E.C.S., Northumbrian Saints, S.P.C.K., 1884. Britannia.com. Retrieved on 26 May 2008.
- ↑ HAbb, II–III; Blair, pp. 156–159
- ↑ Olley, L. (2014). Benedict Biscop: Benedictine, Builder, Bibliophile. Theological Librarianship, 7(1), pp. 30-37
- ↑ Martyrologium Romanum
- ↑ Woods Tomas E., Jr. (2005). How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization. Regnery. ISBN 0895260387.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN 0-14-051312-4.
- ↑ HAbb, IV–VI; Blair, p. 161.
Vyanzo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Wikisource:Ecclesiastical History of the English People/Book 4#18
- Wikisource:Ecclesiastical History of the English People/Book 5#19
- Wikisource:Ecclesiastical History of the English People/Book 5#21
- HAbb Bede, Lives of the Abbots of Wearmouth and Jarrow Archived 24 Machi 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
- Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. 3rd edition. New York: Penguin Books, 1993. ISBN 0-14-051312-4.
- Bede's World guidebook, 2004
- AVCeol: Anonymous, "Life of Abbot Ceolfrith" in Webb & Farmer (eds), The Age of Bede. London: Penguin, 1983. ISBN 0-14-044727-X
- Blair, Peter Hunter, The World of Bede. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970. ISBN 0-521-39138-5.
- Benedict Biscop at Catholic Forum Archived 19 Desemba 2006 at the Wayback Machine.
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