Papua Guinea Mpya
Dola Huru la Papua Guinea Mpya Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini (Tok Pisin) Gau Hedinarai ai Papua–Matamata Guinea (Hiri Motu) | |
---|---|
Kaulimbiu: Umoja katika utofauti | |
Wimbo wa taifa: "O Arise, All You Sons" | |
Mji mkuu na mkubwa | Port Moresby |
Lugha rasmi | Kiingereza, Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu, Lugha ya Ishara ya PNG |
• Mfalme | Charles III |
• Gavana Mkuu | Bob Dadae |
James Marape | |
• Sheria ya Papua Guinea Mpya | 1 Julai 1949 |
• Uhuru na kutambuliwa | 16 Septemba 1975 |
Eneo | |
• Jumla | km2 462,840 (ya ya 54) |
• Maji (asilimia) | 2% |
Idadi ya watu | |
• Kadirio la 2021 | 11,781,559 |
• Msongamano | 25.5/km2 |
PLT (PPP) | Kadirio la 2023 |
• Jumla | ▲ $41.785 bilioni |
• Kwa kila mtu | ▲ $3,403 |
PLT (Kawaida) | Kadirio la 2023 |
• Jumla | ▲ $31.692 bilioni |
• Kwa kila mtu | ![]() |
HDI (2023) | 0.576 kati |
Gini (2009) | 41.9 |
Sarafu | Kina (PGK) |
Majira ya saa | UTCUTC+10, +11 (PNGST) |
Upande wa magari | Kushoto |
Msimbo wa simu | ++675 |
Jina la kikoa | .pg |

Papua Guinea Mpya, rasmi Dola Huru la Papua New Guinea (Kwa Tok Pisin Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini) ni nchi iliyoko Oceania inayojumuisha nusu ya mashariki ya kisiwa cha New Guinea na visiwa vya pwani huko Melanesia, eneo la kusini-magharibi mwa Bahari ya Pasifiki kaskazini mwa Australia. Ina mpaka wa nchi kavu na Indonesia upande wa magharibi na majirani Australia upande wa kusini na Visiwa vya Solomon upande wa mashariki. Mji mkuu wake, ulioko kwenye pwani yake ya kusini, ni Port Moresby. Nchi hiyo ni nchi ya tatu ya kisiwa kwa ukubwa duniani, ikiwa na eneo la 462,840 km2 (178,700 sq mi)
Papua Guinea Mpya ina utajiri mkubwa wa lugha na utamaduni, ikiwa na zaidi ya lugha 800 zinazozungumzwa – idadi kubwa zaidi ya lugha katika nchi yoyote duniani. Wakazi wake ni mchanganyiko wa makabila ya Kipapua, kila kabila likiwa na utambulisho wake wa kiutamaduni, kijamii na kisiasa. Lugha rasmi ni Kiingereza, Tok Pisin, Hiri Motu na Lugha ya Ishara ya Papua Guinea Mpya, lakini lugha za kienyeji bado zinaendelea kutumika kwa wingi katika maisha ya kila siku.
Ingawa nchi hiyo ilipata uhuru kutoka Australia mwaka 1975, bado inatambua Mfalme wa Uingereza kama mkuu wa nchi kwa mfumo wa ufalme wa kikatiba. Uchumi wake unategemea sana sekta ya uchimbaji madini kama dhahabu, shaba na gesi asilia, lakini pia inakumbwa na changamoto za miundombinu, huduma za afya, elimu, na usalama. Papua Guinea Mpya pia inakabiliwa na matatizo ya mabadiliko ya tabianchi kutokana na nafasi yake ya kijiografia, pamoja na migogoro ya kijamii inayochangiwa na tofauti za kikabila na ukosefu wa maendeleo ya kijumla.
Historia
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Inakadiriwa kwamba watu wa kwanza walifika huko miaka 42,000-45,000 KK.[1]
Watu
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Kati ya wakazi, wengi wanaishi katika mazingira asili,[2] ambayo kwa kiasi kikubwa hayajachunguzwa na wataalamu.[3]
Asilimia 18 tu wanaishi mijini.[4]
Nchini Papua Guinea Mpya kuna lugha za asili zaidi ya 800 (angalia orodha ya lugha za Papua Guinea Mpya).[5] Hiyo inaonyesha kwamba ni kati ya nchi zenye tofauti kubwa zaidi katika utamaduni.
Upande wa dini, Ukristo unafuatwa na 96% ya wakazi.[6] kati ya madhehebu, linaongoza Kanisa Katoliki (27.0%), likifuatwa na Walutheri (19.5%).
Tazama pia
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Tanbihi
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- ↑ O’Connell, J. F., and J. Allen. "Pre-LGM Sahul (Australia-New Guinea) and the archaeology of early modern humans." Rethinking the human revolution: new behavioural and biological perspectives on the origin and dispersal of modern humans (2007): 395-410.
- ↑ James, Paul; Nadarajah, Yaso; Haive, Karen; Stead, Victoria (2012). pdf download Sustainable Communities, Sustainable Development: Other Paths for Papua New Guinea. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
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value (help) - ↑ Gelineau, Kristen (26 Machi 2009). "Spiders and frogs identified among 50 new species". The Independent. Iliwekwa mnamo 26 Machi 2009.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ "World Bank data on urbanisation". World Development Indicators. World Bank. 2005. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2009-02-03. Iliwekwa mnamo 15 Julai 2005.
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: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) - ↑ Papua New Guinea. Ethnologue
- ↑ "Papua New Guinea". International Religious Freedom Report 2003. US Department of State.
Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Biskup, Peter, B. Jinks and H. Nelson. A Short History of New Guinea (1970)
- Connell, John. Papua New Guinea: The Struggle for Development (1997) online
- Gash, Noel. A Pictorial History of New Guinea (1975)
- Golson, Jack. 50,000 years of New Guinea history (1966)
- Griffin, James. Papua New Guinea: A political history (1979)
- James, Paul; Nadarajah, Yaso; Haive, Karen; Stead, Victoria (2012). pdf download Sustainable Communities, Sustainable Development: Other Paths for Papua New Guinea. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
{{cite book}}
: Check|url=
value (help) - Knauft, Bruce M. South Coast New Guinea Cultures: History, Comparison, Dialectic (1993) excerpt and text search
- McCosker, Anne. Masked Eden: A History of the Australians in New Guinea (1998)
- Mckinnon, Rowan, et al. Papua New Guinea & Solomon Islands (Country Travel Guide) (2008) excerpt and text search
- Swadling, Pamela (1996). Plumes from Paradise. Papua New Guinea National Museum. ISBN 9980-85-103-1.
- Waiko. John. Short History of Papua New Guinea (1993)
- Waiko, John Dademo. Papua New Guinea: A History of Our Times (2003)
- Zimmer-Tamakoshi, Laura. Modern Papua New Guinea (1998) online
Vyanzo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Jinks, Brian, ed. Readings in New Guinea history (1973)
- Tim Flannery Throwim' Way Leg: Tree-Kangaroos, Possums, and Penis Gourds (2000) memoir excerpt and text search
- Malinowski, Bronislaw. Argonauts of the Western Pacific: An Account of Native Enterprise and Adventure in the Archipelagoes of Melanesian New Guinea (2002) famous anthropological account of the Trobriand Islanders; based on field work in 1910s online
- Visser, Leontine, ed. Governing New Guinea: An Oral History of Papuan Administrators, 1950–1990 (2012)
- Whitaker, J.L. et al. eds. Documents and readings in New Guinea history: Pre-history to 1889 (1975)
Viungo vya nje
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Serikali
- Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea Ilihifadhiwa 11 Oktoba 2008 kwenye Wayback Machine.
- Taarifa za jumla
- Papua New Guinea entry at The World Factbook
- Papua New Guinea Ilihifadhiwa 7 Aprili 2008 kwenye Wayback Machine. at UCB Libraries GovPubs.
- Wikimedia Atlas of Papua New Guinea
- Papua New Guinea Business Directory
- PNG Links & Search incl. GoPNG & NGO links; Who's Who;
Blogs, Forums, Factsheets, etc.
- Papua New Guinea Institute of National Affairs Ilihifadhiwa 27 Agosti 2014 kwenye Wayback Machine.
- Forecasts for Papua New Guinea Development
Nchi_na maeneo ya Australia na Pasifiki |
Australia | Fiji | Guam | Hawaii | Kaledonia Mpya | Kiribati | Kisiwa cha Pasaka | Mikronesia | Nauru | Nyuzilandi | Niue | Pitcairn | Polinesia ya Kifaransa | Palau | Papua Guinea Mpya | Samoa | Samoa ya Marekani | Visiwa vya Cook | Visiwa vya Mariana ya Kaskazini | Visiwa vya Marshall | Visiwa vya Solomon | Tonga | Tuvalu | Vanuatu | Wallis na Futuna |
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Makala hii kuhusu eneo fulani bado ni mbegu. Je unajua kitu kuhusu eneo hilo kama historia yake, biashara, taasisi zilizopo, watu au utamaduni? Je, unaona habari katika wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuiongezea habari.
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