Nenda kwa yaliyomo

Ujuzilio

Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru
(Elekezwa kutoka Gnosis)
Maabadi ya Wamandayo huko Nasiriya, Iraq.

Ujuzilio (pia: Unostiki, Gnosi; kwa Kiingereza: "Gnosticism", kutoka neno la Kigiriki γνωστικός, gnostikos, "mwenye ujuzi", ambalo mzizi wake ni γνῶσις, gnōsis, "ujuzi") ni nadharia ya wokovu kupatikana kwa njia ya maarifa.pia

Historia

[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Mazingira ya asili ni Uyahudi wa karne ya 1 na ya 2 BK.

Wafuasi wa Gnosi hiyo, wakitafsiri namna yao Torati na vitabu vingine vya Biblia, walidai ulimwengu unaoonekana haukuumbwa na Mwenyezi Mungu, bali na roho nyingine iliyofunga chembe ya Umungu katika mwili. Walidai kuwa maarifa, si imani, yanaweza kukomboa hiyo chembe.

Nadharia hiyo ilistawi hasa kando ya Bahari ya Kati, ikichanganyikana na falsafa ya Plato na matapo ya Ukristo yaliyopingwa na uongozi wa Kanisa kama uzushi.

Kuanzia karne ya 3 nguvu ya nadharia hiyo ilipungua, lakini bila kufutika kabisa katika ustaarabu wa magharibi hadi leo. Kwa mfano, ulijitokeza katika Renaissance.

Dini maalumu iliyoanzishwa kwenye msingi wa unostiki ilikuwa Umani (Manichaeism). Kutoka Dola la Persia, unostiki huo ulienea hadi China.

Leo hii kuna jumuiya moja iliyotokana na unostiki wa kale ambayo ni jumuiya ndogo ya Wamandayo katika Iraki na kusini mwa Iran.

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  • Walker, Benjamin (1990). Gnosticism: Its History and Influence. Harper Collins. ISBN 1-85274-057-4.
  • Williams, Michael (1996), Rethinking Gnosticism: An Argument for Dismantling a Dubious Category, Princeton University Press, ISBN 0-691-01127-3
  • Yamauchi, Edwin M. (1983). Pre-Christian Gnosticism : A Survey of the Proposed Evidences. ISBN 0-8010-9919-6. (278 pages)
  • Yamauchi, Edwin M., "Pre-Christian Gnosticism in the Nag Hammadi Texts?," in Church History vol. 48, (1979), pp. 129–141.

Marejeo mengine

[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Vyanzo vikuu
Vya jumla
  • King, Karen L. (2005), What is Gnosticism?, Harvard University Press
  • Broek, Roelof van den (2013), Gnostic Religion in Antiquity, Cambridge University Press
Wasethi
  • Turner, John D. (2001), "Chapter Seven: The History of the Sethian Movement", Sethian Gnosticism and the Platonic Tradition, Presses Université Laval

Viungo vya nje

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