Jehanum
31°46′6.262″N 35°13′49.58″E / 31.76840611°N 35.2304389°E
Jehanum ni neno lenye asili ya Kiebrania (גיא בן הינום, Gei Ben-Hinnom, "bonde la mwana wa Hinnom"; kwa Kigiriki: γέεννα) linalomaanisha adhabu ya moto wa milele ambayo kadiri ya Biblia na Kurani itawapata watu waovu huko ahera kwa hukumu ya Mwenyezi Mungu.
Kwanza Gehinnom (גהנום/גהנם) ni jina la bonde karibu na Yerusalemu lililotazamwa kama laaniwa (Yer 7:31, 19:2-6) kwa sababu ya maovu yaliyotendwa huko, hasa kuchinja watoto kwa heshima ya miungu.
Hata hivyo katika Agano Jipya jina hilo linatumika zaidi kwa maana ya moto wa milele[1], pia kwa sababu wakati wa Yesu bonde hilo lilitumika kama jalala, hivyo moto uliokuwa wa kudumu ndani yake. Katika Injili imeandikwa mara 11 kwamba mwenyewe alitumia jina hilo [2] kudokezea hali iliyo kinyume cha uzima wa milele[3].
Yesu alizungumzia moto wa milele, huku akitufunulia ukuu wa upendo wa Mungu, aliye heri yetu pekee. Alituangalisha juu ya hatari ya kutengana naye milele kwa dhambi. Mwenyewe atatoa hukumu hiyo: “Ondokeni kwangu, mliolaaniwa, mwende katika moto wa milele, aliowekewa tayari Ibilisi na malaika zake” (Math 25:41). “Humo funza wao hafi, wala moto hauzimiki” (Mk 9:48). “Na moshi wa maumivu yao hupanda juu hata milele na milele, wala hawana raha mchana wala usiku” (Ufu 14:11).
Katika Uislamu pia moto wa milele unaitwa جهنم, Jahannam[4]. Kurani inaitaja mara 77 kumbe haitaji kamwe kuzimu (هيدز).
Tanbihi
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- ↑ "However, in the New Testament the term Gehenna is used more frequently in preference to hades, as a name for the place of punishment of the damned. ... held in abomination by the Jews, who, accordingly, used the name of this valley to designate the abode of the damned (Targ. Jon., Gen., iii, 24; Henoch, c. xxvi). And Christ adopted this usage of the term." Jewish Encyclopedia: Gehenna: Sin and Merit: "It is frequently said that certain sins will lead man into Gehenna. The name "Gehenna" itself is explained to mean that unchastity will lead to Gehenna (; 'Er. 19a); so also will adultery, idolatry, pride, mockery, hypocrisy, anger, etc. (Soṭah 4b, 41b; Ta'an. 5a; B. B. 10b, 78b; 'Ab. Zarah 18b; Ned. 22a)." Catholic Encyclopedia, Hell.
- ↑ *Matthew 5:22: "....whoever shall say, "You fool," shall be guilty enough to go into Gehenna."
- Matthew 5:29: "....it is better for you that one of the parts of your body perish, than for your whole body to be thrown into Gehenna."
- Matthew 5:30: "....better for you that one of the parts of your body perish, than for your whole body to go into Gehenna."
- Matthew 10:28: "....rather fear Him who is able to destroy both soul and body in Gehenna."
- Matthew 18:9: "It is better for you to enter life with one eye, than with two eyes to be thrown into the Gehenna."
- Matthew 23:15: "Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites, because you... make one proselyte...twice as much a child of Gehenna as yourselves."
- Matthew 23:33, to the Pharisees: "You serpents, you brood of vipers, how shall you to escape the sentence of Gehenna?"
- Mark 9:43: "It is better for you to enter life crippled, than having your two hands, to go into Gehenna into the unquenchable fire."
- Mark 9:45: "It is better for you to enter life lame, than having your two feet, to be cast into Gehenna."
- Mark 9:47: "It is better for you to enter the Kingdom of God with one eye, than having two eyes, to be cast into Gehenna."
- Luke 12:5: "....fear the One who, after He has killed has authority to cast into Gehenna; yes, I tell you, fear Him."
- ↑ "Blue Letter Bible. "Dictionary and Word Search for geenna (Strong's 1067)"". Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2012-06-29. Iliwekwa mnamo 2017-09-12.
- ↑ Richard P. Taylor -Death and the afterlife: a cultural encyclopedia 2000 "JAHANNAM From the Hebrew ge-hinnom, which refers to a valley outside Jerusalem, Jahannam is the Islamic word for hell."
Viungo vya nje
[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- Short guide to today's Valley of Hinnom, with biblical story Ilihifadhiwa 22 Oktoba 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine.
- Columbia Encyclopedia on the Valley of Hinnom
- Biblical Proper Names on the Valley of Hinnom Ilihifadhiwa 14 Mei 2004 kwenye Wayback Machine.
- Gehenna from the 1901-1906 Jewish Encyclopedia
- The Jewish view of Hell on chabad.org
- Olam Ha-Ba: The Afterlife Judaism 101
- What Is Gehenna? Ilihifadhiwa 16 Julai 2016 kwenye Wayback Machine. Ariela Pelaia, About religion, about.com
- What is Gehenna Like?: Rabbinic Descriptions of Gehenna Ilihifadhiwa 16 Julai 2016 kwenye Wayback Machine. Ariela Pelaia, About religion, about.com
- A Christian Universalist perspective from Tentmaker.org
- A Christian Conditionalist perspective on Gehenna from Afterlife.co.nz
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