Bomba la mafuta ghafi la Uganda –Tanzania

Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru
Njia ya bomba la mafuta

Bomba la Mafuta Ghafi la Uganda–Tanzania (kwa Kiingereza: Uganda–Tanzania Crude Oil Pipeline, UTCOP), linalojulikana pia kama Bomba la Mafuta Ghafi la Afrika Mashariki (East African Crude Oil Pipeline, EACOP)[1] [2] linakusudia kusafirisha mafuta yasiyosafishwa kutoka Uganda kwenda Bandari ya Tanga, Tanzania, kwenye Bahari ya Hindi. [3] Baada ya kukamilika, bomba la mafuta litakuwa bomba refu zaidi duniani linalopashwa moto. [4]

Mahali

Bomba la mafuta litaanza katika kaunti ndogo ya Buseruka, Wilaya ya Hoima, katika Mkoa wa Magharibi wa Uganda. Litaelekea kusini mashariki kupita Masaka nchini Uganda, Bukoba nchini Tanzania, kuzunguka pwani ya kusini mwa Ziwa Viktoria, kuendelea kupitia Shinyanga na Singida na kuishia Tanga, [5] umbali wa takriban kilomita. [6]

Mandharinyuma

Uganda kuna akiba ya mafuta iliyothibitishwa inayozidi mapipa bilioni 6.5, ambayo karibu mapipa bilioni 2.2 yanaweza kutolewa. [7] Nchi imepanga kujenga kiwanda cha kusafishia mafuta katika Kanda ya Magharibi kukidhi mahitaji ya ndani ya nchi, na kusafirisha mengine kupitia bomba kwenda Tanga na soko la Dunia. [8]

Uganda hapo awali iliwahi kuwa na mapatano na Kenya kujenga bomba la mafuta ghafi la pamoja la Uganda – Kenya hadi bandari ya Lamu, Kenya. [9] [10]

Lakini wasiwasi kuhusu usalama na gharama zilisababisha kutafuta njia fupi yenye usalama kupitia Tanzania kwa kushirikiana na kampuni ya Kifaransa ya Total SA. [11] [12]

Makisio ya ujenzi wa bomba la kilomita 1445 ni USD bilioni 3.5. [13] [14] Bomba limepangwa kuwa na uwezo wa kupitisha mapipa 216,000 ya mafuta kwa siku. Litakuwa na kipenyo cha sentimita 61. Uganda italipa Tanzania USD 12.20 kwa kila pipa linalopita kwenye bomba. [15]

Wamiliki

Umiliki wa Bomba la Mafuta Ghafi ya Afrika Mashariki
Na. Jina la Mmiliki Asilimia Umiliki
1 Total SA
45.0
2 Shirika la Kitaifa la Mafuta la China (China National Offshore Oil Corporation)
35.0
3 Kampuni ya Bomba ya Kitaifa ya Uganda
15.0
4 Shirika la Maendeleo ya Petroli Tanzania
5.0
Jumla
100.00

Ujenzi

Baada ya majadiliano ya miaka kadhaa ujenzi umetangazwa kuanza mwezi wa Machi 2021[16].

Athari za kijamii na mazingira

Mradi huo unadaiwa "kuwaondoa maelfu ya wakulima wadogo na kuhatarisha mazingira ya wanyamapori na maji ya pwani." [17] Mashirika ya kiraia yameomba taasisi za wafadhili kutounga mkono mradi huo, yakitaja mifano ya athari za kijamii na kimazingira ambazo bomba litasababisha. [18] [19]

Marejeo

  1. Editorial (9 August 2017). Getting crude oil pipeline off ground is great leap. Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2018-11-28. Iliwekwa mnamo 9 August 2017.
  2. Halima Abdallah (5 September 2017). Uganda seeks more land for oil pipeline. Iliwekwa mnamo 5 September 2017.
  3. Elias Biryabarema (2 March 2016). Uganda, Tanzania plan oil pipeline. Reuters.com. Iliwekwa mnamo 3 March 2016.
  4. Gbenga (2020-07-03). World Bank approves $55 million IDA grant for Somalia (en-US). Ventures Africa. Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-07-05.
  5. Musisi (7 March 2016). Oil pipeline: Which way for Uganda?. Iliwekwa mnamo 7 March 2016.
  6. Musisi (16 March 2016). Total readies UShs13 trillion for oil pipeline development. Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2018-11-07. Iliwekwa mnamo 16 March 2016.
  7. Patey (October 2015). Oil in Uganda: Hard bargaining and complex politics in East Africa (PDF). Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. Iliwekwa mnamo 28 April 2016.
  8. Ouga (14 August 2013). Uganda's Oil Refinery – An Opportunity for transformation. Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2019-05-29. Iliwekwa mnamo 3 March 2016.
  9. Biryabarema (25 June 2013). Uganda agrees to plan for oil pipeline to new Kenya port. Reuters.com. Iliwekwa mnamo 28 April 2016.
  10. Bariyo (25 June 2013). Uganda, Kenya Agree to Construct Crude export Pipeline to Port Lamu. Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2013-07-06. Iliwekwa mnamo 28 April 2016.
  11. Allan Olingo (17 October 2015). Regional power play in tussle over new route of Uganda oil pipeline. Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2017-09-08. Iliwekwa mnamo 3 March 2016.
  12. Abdalah (13 September 2015). Oil firms prefer Tanga pipeline route to Lamu. Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2017-09-08. Iliwekwa mnamo 3 March 2016.
  13. The Independent Uganda (6 August 2017). Uganda: Museveni, Magufuli Lay Foundation Stone for Oil Pipeline. Iliwekwa mnamo 8 August 2017.
  14. Kidanka (6 August 2017). Tanzania ready to take up pipeline contracts. Iliwekwa mnamo 6 August 2017.
  15. Barigaba (6 March 2017). Museveni's visit to Dar rescues oil pipeline deal, sets project timelines. Iliwekwa mnamo 6 August 2017.
  16. [https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/construction-of-uganda-tanzania-crude-oil-pipeline-to-start-in-march-3303564 Construction of Uganda-Tanzania crude oil pipeline to start in March], Citizen 25,02,2021
  17. Pearce (May 21, 2020). A Major Oil Pipeline Project Strikes Deep at the Heart of Africa (en-US). Yale E360. Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-07-05.
  18. Karashani (April 11, 2020). AfDB says no plans to fund Uganda-Tanzania pipeline (en). The East African. Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-07-05.
  19. SA’s Standard Bank Group Faces Protest Over Pipeline Funding Plan (en-US). Naija247news (2020-06-24). Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-07-05.

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