Sigara
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Sigara ni kitu cha kuvuta moshi kinachojenga uraibu. Kinatengenezwa kwa tumbaku na kusokotwa kwa karatasi maalumu, chenye umbo refu na la mviringo.
Sigara zinasababisha madhara makubwa katika mwili wa binadamu: mara nyingi hudhuru mapafu na mfumo mzima wa upumuaji.
Sigara za kisasa za viwandani zimechujwa, na pia zinajumuisha tumbaku iliyoandaliwa.
| Asilimia ya wavutaji | ||
|---|---|---|
| Eneo | Wanaume | Wanawake |
| Afrika | 29% | 4% |
| Amerika | 35% | 22% |
| Mediterania Mashariki | 35% | 4% |
| Ulaya | 46% | 26% |
| Asia ya Kusini Mashariki | 44% | 4% |
| Pasifiki ya Magharibi | 60% | 8% |
Source: World Health Organization estimates, 2000
| Nchi | Idadi ya wakazi (milioni) |
Sigara zilizovutwa (bilioni) |
Sigara zilizovutwa (kwa mtu) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uchina | 1,248 | 1,643 | 1,320 |
| Marekani | 270 | 451 | 1,670 |
| Japani | 126 | 328 | 2,600 |
| Urusi | 146 | 258 | 1,760 |
| Indonesia | 200 | 215 | 1,070 |
Tazama pia[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Tanbihi[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- ↑ Cigarette numbers from WHO [1], population from: China: China Population Information and Research Center (estimate?)Archived copy. Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2015-04-21. Iliwekwa mnamo 2008-08-02., USA: US Census estimate [2], Japan: National Statistics Center intercensal estimate [3], Russia: Population Reference Bureau [4], Indonesia: average of 1995 and 2000 figures from Statistics Indonesia Archived copy. Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2015-04-21. Iliwekwa mnamo 2008-08-02., all accessed on 2 August 2008. Per capita consumption given to 3 significant figures.
Viungo vya nje[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- Kuhusu uvutaji sigara na afya
- Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
- Bibliography on History of Cigarette Smoking
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Makala hii kuhusu mambo ya utamaduni bado ni mbegu. Je, unajua kitu kuhusu Sigara kama historia yake au mahusiano yake na mada nyingine? Labda unaona habari katika Wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuongeza habari. |
