Nikola II wa Urusi

Picha halisi ya Mt. Nikola II, mwaka 1909.

Nikola wa II wa Urusi (kwa Kirusi: Николай II Алекса́ндрович, Nikolai II Aleksandrovich; St. Petersburg, Urusi, 18 Mei 1868 – Yekaterinburg, Urusi, 17 Julai 1918) alikuwa tsar (mtawala wa kifalme au kaisari) wa mwisho wa Urusi (kuanzia tarehe 1 Novemba 1894 hadi alipozalimishwa kujiuzulu tarehe 15 Machi 1917).

Familia yake nzima iliuawa na Wakomunisti. Kwa sababu hiyo wote wanaheshimiwa na Waorthodoksi kama watakatifu wafiadini.

Tazama pia

• Historia ya Urusi
• Vita ya Japani na Urusi ya 1905
• Mapinduzi ya Urusi ya 1917
• Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale
• Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo
• Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika
• Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko

Vyanzo

• Figes, Orlando (2015). A People's Tragedy: The Russian Revolution 1891−1924. The Bodley Head.
• King, Greg (1994). The Last Empress. Birch Lane Press.
• King, Greg (2006). The Court of the Last Czar: Pomp, Power and Pageantry in the Reign of Nicholas II. John Wiley & Sons.
• Kowner, Rotem (2006). Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War. ISBN 0-8108-4927-5: The Scarecrow Press.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
• Massie, Robert K. (1967). Nicholas and Alexandra.
• Massie, Robert K. (1995). The Fate of the Romanovs: The Final Chapter. Random House. ISBN 0-394-58048-6.
• Tames, Richard (1972). Last of the Tsars. London: Pan Books Ltd.
• Warth, Robert D. (1997). Nicholas II, The Life and Reign of Russia's Last Monarch. Praeger. ISBN 0275958329.

Marejeo mengine

• The Sokolov Report, in Victor Alexandrov, "The End of The Romanovs", London: 1966
• Boris Antonov, Russian Czars, St. Petersburg, Ivan Fiodorov Art Publishers (ISBN 5-93893-109-6)
• Michael M. Baden, Chapter III: Time of Death and Changes after Death. Part 4: Exhumation, In: Spitz, W.U. & Spitz, D.J. (eds): Spitz and Fisher’s Medicolegal Investigation of Death. Guideline for the Application of Pathology to Crime Investigations (Fourth edition). Charles C. Thomas, pp.: 174–183, Springfield, Illinois: 2006
• Paul Grabbe, "The Private World of the Last Czar" New York: 1985
• Genrikh Ioffe, Revoliutsiia i sud'ba Romanovykh Moscow: Respublika, 1992 (Kirusi)
• Coryne Hall & John Van der Kiste, Once A Grand Duchess : Xenia, Sister of Nicholas II, Phoenix Mill, Sutton Publishing Ltd., 2002 (hardcover, ISBN 0-7509-2749-6)
• Dominic Lieven, Nicholas II: Emperor of All the Russias. 1993.
• Andrei Maylunas and Sergei Mironenko, A Lifelong Passion: Nicholas & Alexandra 1999
• Marvin Lyons, Nicholas II The Last Czar, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1974 (hardcover, ISBN 0-7100-7802-1)
• Shay McNeal, "The Secret Plot to Save the Czar" 2001
• Bernard Pares, "The Fall of the Russian Monarchy" London: 1939, reprint London: 1988
• John Curtis Perry and Konstantin Pleshakov, The Flight of the Romanovs. 1999.
• Edvard Radzinsky, The Last Tsar: The Life and Death of Nicholas II (1992) ISBN 0-385-42371-3.
• Samten, Jampa. (2010). "Notes on the Thirteenth Dalai Lama's Confidential Letter to the Tsar of Russia." In: The Tibet Journal, Special issue. Autumn 2009 vol XXXIV n. 3-Summer 2010 vol XXXV n. 2. "The Earth Ox Papers", edited by Roberto Vitali, pp. 357–370.
• Mark D. Steinberg and Vladimir M. Khrustalev, The Fall of the Romanovs: Political Dreams and Personal Struggles in a Time of Revolution, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995.
• Anthony Summers and Tom Mangold, The File on the Czar. 1976.
• Andrew M. Verner, The Crisis of the Russian Autocracy: Nicholas II and the 1905 Revolution 1990
• Richard Wortman, Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy, vol. 2 2000
• Prince Felix Yussupov, Lost Splendour
• Elisabeth Heresch, "Nikolaus II. Feigheit, Lüge und Verrat". F.A.Herbig Verlagsbuchhandlung, München, 1992
• The Complete Wartime Correspondence of Czar Nicholas II and the Empress Alexandra, April 1914 – March 1917. Edited by Joseph T. Furhmann Fuhrmann. Westport, Conn. and London: 1999
• Letters of Czar Nicholas and Empress Marie Ed. Edward J. Bing. London: 1937
• Letters of the Czar to the Czaritsa, 1914–1917 Trans. from Russian translations from the original English. E. L. Hynes. London and New York: 1929
• Nicky-Sunny Letters: correspondence of the Czar and Czaritsa, 1914–1917. Hattiesburg, Miss: 1970.
• The Secret Letters of the Last Czar: Being the Confidential Correspondence between Nicholas II and his Mother, Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna. Ed. Edward J. Bing. New York and Toronto: 1938
• Willy-Nicky Correspondence: Being the Secret and Intimate Telegrams Exchanged Between the Kaiser and the Czar. Ed. Herman Bernstein. New York: 1917.
• Paul Benckendorff, Last Days at Czarskoe Selo. London: 1927
• Sophie Buxhoeveden, The Life and Tragedy of Alexandra Fedorovna, Empress of Russia: A Biography London: 1928
• Pierre Gilliard, Thirteen Years at the Russian Court New York: 1921
• A. A. Mossolov (Mosolov), At the Court of the Last Czar London: 1935
• Anna Vyrubova, Memories of the Russian Court London: 1923
• A.Yarmolinsky, editor, "The Memoirs of Count Witte" New York & Toronto: 1921
• Sir George Buchanan (British Ambassador) My Mission to Russia & Other Diplomatic Memories (2 vols, Cassell, 1923)
• Meriel Buchanan, Dissolution of an Empire, Cassell, 1932
• Gleb Botkin, The Real Romanovs, Fleming H. Revell Co, 1931
• Mark D. Steinberg and Vladimir M. Khrustalev, The Fall of the Romanovs: Political Dreams and Personal Struggles in a Time of Revolution. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995
• Page, Walter Hines; Page, Arthur Wilson (Oktoba 1904). "The Personality of the Czar: An Explanation, By A Russian Official Of High Authority". The World's Work: A History of Our Time. VIII: 5414–5430. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

Viungo vya nje

• Nicholas_II katika Open Directory Project
• Photos of the last visit of Tsar Nicholas and family to France, to Cherbourg 1909 from contemporary Magazine, Illustration
• The Execution of Czar Nicholas II, 1918, EyeWitness to History.
• Brief Summary of Czar
• Abdication Proclamation, 2 March 1917 (the signature was put in pencil) (translation included)
• Alexander Palace Time Machine
• Nicholas and Alexandra Exhibition
• Frozentears.org A Media Library to Nicholas II and his Family.
• Romanov sisters
• Scientists Reopen Czar Mystery Ilihifadhiwa 7 Oktoba 2008 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Ipatiev House — Romanov Memorial detailed site on the historical context, circumstances and drama surrounding the Romanov's execution
• (Kirusi) The Murder of Russia's Imperial Family Ilihifadhiwa 22 Machi 2007 kwenye Wayback Machine., Nicolay Sokolov. Investigation of execution of the Romanov Imperial Family in 1918.
• (Kirusi) Nikolay II — Life and Death, Edvard Radzinski. Later published in English as The Last Czar: the Life and Death of Nicholas II.
• (Kirusi) Memoirs: The reign of Nicholas II 1-12 13-33 34-45 46-52 (incomplete), Sergei Witte. It was originally published in 1922 in Berlin. No complete English translations are available yet.
• New Russian Martyrs. Czar Nicholas and His Family. A story of life, canonisation. Photoalbum.
• Russian History Magazine Ilihifadhiwa 8 Februari 2007 kwenye Wayback Machine. Articles about the Romanovs from Atlantis magazine.
• Resurrecting the Czar Ilihifadhiwa 28 Desemba 2013 kwenye Wayback Machine. – November 2010 (Smithsonian magazine)
• The coronation of Emperor Nicholas II. 26 (14, old style), may, 1896. Historical photos. Ilihifadhiwa 11 Mei 2018 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Romanovs. The eighth film. Alexander III; Nicholas II katika YouTube. – Historical reconstruction "The Romanovs". StarMedia. Babich-Design(Russia, 2013)

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