Anubis

Anubis jinsi anavyoongoza roho ya marehemu katika ahera na kushughulika mizani ya upimaji wa moyo

Anubis mwenye kichwa cha bweha ameshika ankh na fimbo la kifalme .

Anubis alikuwa mmoja kati ya miungu katika dini ya Misri ya Kale. Alitazamwa kuwa mlinzi wa milango ya ahera. Awali aliabudiwa pia kama mungu aliyehusika na wafu, lakini baadaye Osiris alichukua nafasi hiyo. Anubis alionekana kama mtu mwenye kichwa cha mbweha.

Imani ya Anubis ilibadilika katika historia ndefu ya Misri ya Kale. Wakati wa nasaba ya kwanza (mnamo 3000 KK) alitazamwa kama mlinzi wa makaburi, alitazamwa pia kuhusika na shughuli za kuandaa maiti kwa mazishi. Wakati wa Himaya ya Kati kazi yake ya kusimamia ahera ilihamishwa kwenda Osiris. Anubis alibaki na kazi ya kuongoza roho za wafu kufikia ahera.

Wamisri waliamini pia kwamba alihusika kuamua hatima ya wafu katika maisha ya baadaye. Moyo wa wafu ulipimwa dhidi ya manyoya ya ukweli, kuona ikiwa marehemu anastahili kuingia katika maisha ya baadaye. Ikiwa mtu huyo angeishi maisha mabaya, moyo wake ungejaa uovu na kuwa mzito. Ikiwa mtu alikuwa mwema na mzuri, moyo ungekuwa mwepesi, angeweza kuendelea na maisha ya baadaye na kukutana salama na Osiris.

Baadaye wakati wa nasaba ya Ptolemaio Anubis alikuja kutambuliwa ni sawa na mungu wa Kigiriki Hermes akaitwa Hermanubis.

Kujisomea

• Armour, Robert A. (2001), Gods and Myths of Ancient Egypt, Cairo, Egypt: American University in Cairo Press
• Blackwood, Russell; Crossett, John; Long, Herbert (1962), "Gorgias 482b", The Classical Journal, 57 (7): 318–19, JSTOR 3295283.
• Conder, Claude Reignier (trans.) (1894) [1893], The Tell Amarna Tablets (tol. la Second), London: Published for the Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund by A.P. Watt, ISBN 9781414701561.
• Coulter, Charles Russell; Turner, Patricia (2000), Encyclopedia of Ancient Deities, Jefferson (NC) and London: McFarland, ISBN 978-0-7864-0317-2.
• Faulkner, Raymond O.; Andrews, Carol; Wasserman, James (2008), The Egyptian Book of the Dead: The Book of Going Forth by Day, Chronicle Books, ISBN 978-0-8118-6489-3.
• Fischer, Henry George (1968), Dendera in the Third Millennium B. C., Down to the Theban Domination of Upper Egypt, London: J.J. Augustin.
• Freeman, Charles (1997), The Legacy of Ancient Egypt, New York: Facts on File, ISBN 978-0-816-03656-1.
• Gryglewski, Ryszard W. (2002), "Medical and Religious Aspects of Mummification in Ancient Egypt" (PDF), Organon, 31 (31): 128–48, PMID 15017968.
• Hart, George (1986), A Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, ISBN 978-0-415-34495-1. {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
• Hoerber, Robert G. (1963), "The Socratic Oath 'By the Dog'", The Classical Journal, 58 (6): 268–69, JSTOR 3293989.
• Johnston, Sarah Iles (general ed.) (2004), Religions of the Ancient World: A Guide, Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, ISBN 978-0-674-01517-3. {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
• Kinsley, David (1989), The Goddesses' Mirror: Visions of the Divine from East and West, Albany (NY). (paperback).{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: postscript (link)
• Lapp, Günther (1986), Die Opferformel des Alten Reiches: unter Berücksichtigung einiger späterer Formen [The offering formula of the Old Kingdom: considering a few later forms], Mainz am Rhein: Zabern, ISBN 978-3805308724.
• Peacock, David (2000), "The Roman Period", katika Shaw, Ian (mhr.), The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-815034-3.
• Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003), The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt, London: Thames & Hudson, ISBN 978-0-500-05120-7.
• Wilkinson, Toby A. H. (1999), Early Dynastic Egypt, London: Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-18633-9.
• Zandee, Jan (1960), Death as an Enemy: According to Ancient Egyptian Conceptions, Brill Archive, GGKEY:A7N6PJCAF5Q

Viungo vya nje

• media kuhusu Anubis pa Wikimedia Commons