Ulugh Beg
Mirza Muhammad Taraghay bin Shahrukh, anayejulikana zaidi kama Ulugh Beg ( الغ بیگ ) (22 Machi 1394 – 27 Oktoba 1449), alikuwa sultani wa Milki ya Timur, na pia mwanaastronomia na mwanahisabati.
Ulugh Beg alijulikana kwa kazi yake katika hisabati inayohusiana na elimu ya nyota, kama vile trigonometria na jiometri ya tufe, na vile vile kwa kupenda sanaa na shughuli za kielimu. [1] [2] IAlisemenana kafikiriwa kuwa alizungumza lugha tano: Kiarabu, Kiajemi, Kituruki, Kimongolia, na kiasi kidogo cha Kichina . [3] Wakati wa utawala wake, kwanza kama gavana, baadaye kama mkuu wa milki, Milki ya Timur ilifikia kilele cha kitamaduni kutokana na ufadhili wake. Alitawala milki yake kutoka mji mkuu Samarkand.
Kati ya 1424 na 1429 aliagiza hapa kujengwa kwa kituo cha kuangalia nyota iliyo maarufu kama Paoneaanga pa Ulugh Beg. Wataalamu walipaona kama paoneaanga kubwa pa Asia ya Kati . [1] Ulugh Beg alitambuliwa na wataalamu wengi kama mtafiti wa nyota muhimu zaidi katika karne ya 15[4]. Alianzisha pia Madrasah ya Ulugh Beg (1417–1420) huko Samarkand na Bukhara. Kwa njia hii alibadilisha miji hii kuwa vitovu vya utamaduni na elimu huko Asia ya Kati . [5]
Hata hivyo, uwezo wake kama mtawala haukulingana na uwezo wake kama mtaalamu. Wakati wa utawala wake mfupi, alishindwa kuimarisha mamlaka yake. Kwa sababu hiyo, watawala wengine, pamoja na familia yake mwenyewe, walichukua fursa ya udhaifu wake na hatimaye aipinduliwa na kuuawa kwa amri ya mwanae. [6]
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Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Science in Islamic civilisation: proceedings of the international symposia: "Science institutions in Islamic civilisation", & "Science and technology in the Turkish and Islamic world"
- ↑ "Ulugh Beg". OU Libraries. Britannica Academic.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|url=(help) - ↑ "Samarkand: Ulugh Beg's Observatory". Depts.washington.edu.
- ↑ "The Legacy of Ulugh Beg | Central Asian Monuments | Edited by H. B. Paksoy | CARRIE Books". Vlib.iue.it. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2019-05-19. Iliwekwa mnamo 2018-12-02.
- ↑ The global built environment as a representation of realities: By author:A.J.J. Mekking
- ↑ "Ulugh Beg". The University of Oklahoma Libraries. Britannica Academic. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2019-09-19. Iliwekwa mnamo 2022-07-28.
Kujisomea
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- 1839. L. P. E. A. Sedillot (1808–1875). Tables astronomiques d’Oloug Beg, commentees et publiees avec le texte en regard, Tome I, 1 fascicule, Paris. A very rare work, but referenced in the Bibliographie generale de l’astronomie jusqu’en 1880, by J.
- 1847. L. P. E. A. Sedillot (1808–1875). Prolegomenes des Tables astronomiques d’Oloug Beg, publiees avec Notes et Variantes, et precedes d’une Introduction. Paris: F. Didot.
- 1853. L. P. E. A. Sedillot (1808–1875). Prolegomenes des Tables astronomiques d’Oloug Beg, traduction et commentaire. Paris.
- Le Prince Savant annexe les étoiles, Frédérique Beaupertuis-Bressand, in Samarcande 1400–1500, La cité-oasis de Tamerlan : coeur d'un Empire et d'une Renaissance, book directed by Vincent Fourniau, éditions Autrement, 1995, .
- L'âge d'or de l'astronomie ottomane, Antoine Gautier, in L'Astronomie, (Monthly magazine created by Camille Flammarion in 1882), December 2005, volume 119.
- L'observatoire du prince Ulugh Beg, Antoine Gautier, in L'Astronomie, (Monthly magazine created by Camille Flammarion in 1882), October 2008, volume 122.
- Le recueil de calendriers du prince timouride Ulug Beg (1394–1449), Antoine Gautier, in Le Bulletin, n° spécial Les calendriers, Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales, juin 2007, pp. 117–123. d
- Jean-Marie Thiébaud, Personnages marquants d'Asie centrale, du Turkestan et de l'Ouzbékistan, Paris, éditions L'Harmattan, 2004. ISBN 2-7475-7017-7.