Nicolaus Copernicus

Taswira ya Nicolaus Copernicus (mwanzo wa karne ya 16)

Nicolaus Copernicus (kwa Kipolandi: Mikołaj Kopernik; kwa Kijerumani Nikolas Koppernigk, *19 Februari 1473 – 24 Mei 1543) alikuwa mtaalamu aliyefaulu kutetea na kueneza fundisho la Aristarko wa Samo kwamba dunia inazunguka jua, kinyume cha fundisho lilotawala awali kuwa jua linazunguka dunia.

Alizaliwa Toruń, mji wa Hansa huko Poland, katika familia yenye damu ya Kijerumani.

Alisoma teolojia, sheria na tiba huko Poland na Italia, akawa |padri wa Kanisa kuu la Frauenburg-Fromburg, ambapo mwaka 1543 alifariki akazikwa chini ya sakafu yake.

Kidogo tu kabla hajafa alitoa kitabu chake "De revolutionibus orbium coelestium" (kuhusu mizunguko wa magimba ya angani), ambacho kina mafundisho makuu ya sayansi ya nyota ya siku hizi, kama vile mpangilio wa sayari na mzunguko wa kila siku wa dunia juu yake yenyewe.

Hata hivyo mafundisho yake yalikuwa na kasoro zilizojulikana baadaye kwa maendeleo ya utafiti: k.mf. alidhani mizunguko ya sayari kandokando ya jua ni ya duara kabisa.

Mafundisho yake yaliongoza wanasayansi wengine kama Galileo Galilei na Kepler, ambao waliyathibitisha na kuyaboresha.

Viungo vya Nje

• Copernicus' letters to various celebrities, among others the King Sigmundus I of Poland - in Polish
• Nicholaus Copernicus Museum in Frombork
• Portraits of Copernicus: Copernicus' face reconstructed; Portrait; Nicolaus Copernicus
• Copernicus and Astrology — Cambridge University: Copernicus had – of course – teachers with astrological activities and his tables were later used by astrologers.
• Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy entry
• Find-A-Grave profile for Nicolaus Copernicus
• 'Body of Copernicus' identified — BBC article including image of Copernicus using facial reconstruction based on located skull

About De Revolutionibus

• The Copernican Universe from the De Revolutionibus
• De Revolutionibus, 1543 first edition — Full digital facsimile, Lehigh University
• The front page of the De Revolutionibus
• The text of the De Revolutionibus
• A java applet about Retrograde Motion

Legacy

• Copernicus in Bologna — in Italian
• Chasing Copernicus: The Book Nobody Read — Was One of the Greatest Scientific Works Really Ignored? All Things Considered. NPR
• Copernicus and his Revolutions — A detailed critique of the rhetoric of De Revolutionibus
• Article which discusses Copernicus's debt to the Arabic tradition
• Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń

German-Polish Cooperations

• German-Polish school project on Copernicus - in German and Polish
• Büro Kopernikus - An initiative of German Federal Cultural Foundation- in German, Polish and English

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