Kiwanda cha kusafisha mafuta
Kiwanda cha kusafisha mafuta (kwa Kiing. oil refinery, petroleum refinery) ni kiwanda ambapo mafuta ghafi hutumiwa kuzalisha bidhaa za mafuta kama vile petroli, diseli, lami au gesi ya mafuta ya petroli (LPG) kwa njia ya ukenekaji kisehemu. [1] [2]
Kimsingi mafuta ghafi huchemshwa na kemikali tofauti ndani yake ambazo hutenganishwa na kusafishwa kila moja peke yake. Maana mafuta ghafi kikemia ni mchanganyiko wa dutu nyingi na kila moja inachemka na kuyeyuka kwa halijoto tofauti ambapo inajitenga na nyingine. Mvuke wa sehemu hizo tofauti unapozwa na kuwa miminika baadaye, isipokuwa sehemu hizo ambazo zinabaki kama gesi.
Marejeo[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- ↑ Gary, J.H. and Handwerk, G.E (1984). Petroleum Refining Technology and Economics (toleo la 2nd). Marcel Dekker, Inc. ISBN 0-8247-7150-8.
- ↑ Leffler, W.L. (1985). Petroleum refining for the nontechnical person (toleo la 2nd). PennWell Books. ISBN 0-87814-280-0.
Viungo vya Nje[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- Ramani ya Viwanda vya kusafisha mafuta nchini Marekani Archived 28 Aprili 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
- [1] Archived 28 Aprili 2009 at the Wayback Machine.Ramani ya Viwanda vya kusafisha mafuta nchini Archived 12 Desemba 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Uingereza Archived 12 Desemba 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
- Maelezo kamili na ya kina ya usafishaji
- Upangaji na Uboreshaji wa Kiwanda cha Kusafisha Mafuta kwa Kutumia
- Mwongozo wa Mwanafunzi wa Kusafisha
- Global refinery shortage shifts power balance
- Ecomuseum Bergslagen Archived 15 Agosti 2006 at the Wayback Machine.
- Maelezo ya kina ya usafishaji
- Price Spikes, Excess Profits and Excuses (publication of the Consumer Federation of America)
- Misingi ya Kusafisha Mafuta Muhtasari wa mchakato wa kusafisha mafuta yasiyosafishwa
- Basics of Oil Refining Overview of crude oil refining process
- Encyclopaedia of Hydrocarbons, ENI na Treccani ed., juzuu 5