Filamu za Hood
Filamu za Hood (kutoka Kiingereza: Hood film) ni aina ya filamu yenye asili ya Marekani hasa mwishoni mwa miaka ya 1980 na mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1990. Ndani yake mna hasa mambo ya mjini kama vile muziki wa hip hop, wahuni wa mtaani, ubaguzi wa rangi, umaskini, na matatizo ya Wamarekani Weusi hasa vijana jinsi wanavyopata shida na jamii ya Kizungu. Filamu za namna hiyo huhusisha hasa waigizaji wa Kiafrika-Kiamerika.
Mfano halisi wa filamu za aina hii ni kama vile Boyz n the Hood na Menace II Society, ambazo mtindo wake wa hadithi almanusura iupe umaarufu kupindukia mchezo huu. Mwanzoni mwa miaka ya 1996, lakini, filamu za Hood zilionekana kama chombo cha watengenezaji filamu weusi kinachohaha kukwepa tofuati bayana ya ufananisho wa filamu za Kizungu. Mtindo huu pia ulikuja kugezewa tena na filamu kama vile Don't Be a Menace to South Central While Drinking Your Juice in the Hood.
Filamu za Kiingereza za mtindo huu nazo zilipata kufanywa, kama vile Bullet Boy. Filamu za Kifaranza za mtindo huo nazo zimefanya, La Haine, Ma 6-T va crack-er, Yamakasi na Banlieue 13 nazo ni mifano ya mtindo huu.
John Singleton, Mario Van Peebles, Hughes Brothers, na Spike Lee ni mifano tosha ya waongozaji wa filamu za namna hii.
Insha kadha wa kadha ziliandikwa kuhusu mtindo huu na Paula J. Massood, ambaye kwa sasa ni mwalimu katika Brooklyn College.[1]
Mwaka wa 1992 insha kuhusu masuala ya uigizaji wa sinema, mchambuzi wa Kikanada Rinaldo Walcott amegundua msingi wa filamu za Hood ni kutaka kuonesha ujanadume, au kurudisha heshima ya utu wa mtu mweusi".[2]
Orodha ya filamu za Hood
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- City Across the River, 1949
- Los Olvidados, 1950
- Kid Monk Baroni, 1952
- The Wild One, 1953
- Crime Wave, 1954
- Blackboard Jungle, 1955
- Rebel Without a Cause, 1955
- Crime in the Streets, 1956
- Rumble on the Docks, 1956
- Somebody Up There Likes Me, 1956
- The Cool and The Crazy, 1958
- Once a Thief, 1965
- The Warriors, 1979
- Colors, 1988
- Boyz n the Hood, 1991
- New Jack City, 1991
- Straight Out of Brooklyn, 1991
- Juice, 1992
- South Central, 1992
- Menace II Society, 1993
- Strapped,1993
- Poetic Justice, 1993
- Above the Rim, 1994
- Sugar Hill, 1994
- Fresh, 1994
- Jason's Lyric, 1994
- Clockers, 1995
- Dead Presidents, 1995
- New Jersey Drive, 1995
- Set It Off, 1996
- One Eight Seven, 1997
- Jackie Brown, 1997
- He Got Game, 1998
- Caught Up, 1998
- Belly, 1998
- In Too Deep, 1999
- The Wood, 1999
- Hot Boyz, 1999
- Baller Blockin' 2000
- Baby Boy, 2001
- Shottas, 2002
- Blue Hill Avenue, 2001
- Training Day, 2001
- 8 Mile, 2002
- State Property, 2002
- Paid in Full, 2002
- The Beat, 2003
- Never Die Alone, 2004
- Coach Carter, 2005
- Shooting Gallery, 2005
- Harsh Times, 2005
- Back in the Day, 2005
- Bullet Boy, 2005
- Get Rich or Die Tryin' (film), 2005
- Dirty, 2005
- ATL, 2006
- Waist Deep, 2006
- Gridiron Gang, 2006
- Kidulthood, 2006
- Freedom Writers, 2007
- Adulthood, 2008
- Before I Self Destruct, 2009
- Sin Nombre, 2009
- Brooklyn's Finest, 2009
- Ghetto Stories: The Movie 2010
- City of Lies, 2018
- Yardie, 2018
- Canal Street, 2019
- Street Flow, 2019
- Gully, 2019
- Brian Banks, 2019
- All Day and A Night, 2020
- The Tax Collector, 2020
- Cut Throat City, 2020
- Boogie, 2021
- Blue Bayou, 2021
- Monster, 2021
- American Murderer, 2022
- On The Count of Three, 2022
- On the Come Up, 2022
- One Way, 2022
- A Thousand and One, 2023
Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- ↑ Murray Forman (2002). The 'Hood Comes First: race, space, and place in rap and hip-hop. Wesleyan University Press.
- ↑ John McCullough (2006). "Rude and the Representation of Class Relations in Canadian Film". Working on Screen: Representations of the Working Class in Canadian Cinema. University of Toronto Press.
Vyanzo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- "Menace II Society" - Cineaste review pointing out several aspects of the "hood film" genre
- Which Way to the Promised Land?: Spike Lee's Clockers and the Legacy of the African American City, Paula J. Massood, African American Review, Summer 2001
- Lowering the bar: State of black film at the moment, by the Unknown Film Critic; defines hood film as one of three predominant subgenres of African-American film
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