Maafa ya Chernobyl
Maafa ya Chernobyl yalikuwa maafa ya nyuklia yaliyotokea 26 Aprili 1986 katika tanuri la nyuklia la Chernobyl karibu na mji wa Pripyat, Ukraine. Wakati ule Ukraine ilikuwa jimbo la Umoja wa Kisovyeti. Kituo hicho kilikuwa karibu kilomita 110 kaskazini mwa mji mkuu, Kyiv.
Tukio hilo lilikuwa moja ya ajali mbaya zaidi katika historia ya nishati ya nyuklia. Jengo la tanuri halikuwa na zuio la mionzi na hivyo mnururisho wa nyuklia ulisambaa katika sehemu za magharibi mwa Umoja wa Kisovyeti, Ulaya ya Mashariki na Ulaya ya Kati, Skandinavia, Uingereza, na mashariki mwa Marekani . Maeneo makubwa ya Ukraine, Belarus na Urusi yalichafuliwa vibaya. Takriban 60% ya athari ya mionzi ilitua Belarus. [1] [2] Takriban watu 360,000 walipaswa kuhamia maeneo mengine.
Watu wengi waliteseka na athira ya mionzi na magonjwa ya muda mrefu kama saratani ya tezi. [3] [4]
Chanzo cha ajali[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Marejeo[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- ↑ ICRIN Project (2011). International Chernobyl Portal chernobyl.info.
- ↑ Environmental consequences of the Chernobyl accident and their remediation: Twenty years of experience. Report of the Chernobyl Forum Expert Group 'Environment'. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency. 2006. uk. 180. ISBN 92-0-114705-8. Iliwekwa mnamo 13 March 2011. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Table 2.2 Number of people affected by the Chernobyl accident (to December 2000)". The Human Consequences of the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident. UNDP and UNICEF. 22 January 2002. Ilihifadhi kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 1 February 2017. Iliwekwa mnamo 17 September 2010. Check date values in:
|date=, |archivedate=, |accessdate=(help) - ↑ "Table 5.3: Evacuated and resettled people". The Human Consequences of the Chernobyl Nuclear Accident. UNDP and UNICEF. 22 January 2002. Ilihifadhi kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 1 February 2017. Iliwekwa mnamo 17 September 2010. Check date values in:
|date=, |archivedate=, |accessdate=(help)