Kurumbiza

Kurumbiza
Kurumbiza utosi-mweupe
Uainishaji wa kisayansi
Himaya: Animalia (Wanyama) Faila: Chordata (Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni) Nusufaila: Vertebrata (Wanyama wenye uti wa mgongo) Ngeli: Aves (Ndege) Oda: Passeriformes (Ndege kama shomoro) Familia ya juu: Muscicapoidea (Ndege kama shore) Familia: Muscicapidae (Ndege walio na mnasaba na shore) J. Fleming, 1822
Ngazi za chini
Jenasi 15: Cercotrichas Boie, 1831 Cichladusa W. Peters, 1863 Cinclidium Blyth, 1842 Copsychus Wagler, 1827 Cossypha Vigors, 1825 Cossyphicula Grote, 1934 Irania Filippi, 1863 Luscinia T. Forster, 1817 Myiomela G.R. Gray, 1846 Namibornis Bradfield, 1935 Phoenicurus T. Forster, 1817 Saxicoloides Lesson, 1831 Sholicola Robin et al., 2017 Tarsiger Hodgson, 1845 Trichixos Lesson, 1839

Kurumbiza ni ndege wa jenasi mbalimbali katika familia ya Muscicapidae. Spishi nyingine zinaitwa madende. Zamani waliainishwa katika familia ya mikesha (Turdidae). Mkia wao ni mrefu kuliko ule wa zuwanende. Wana rangi ya kijivu, nyeusi, buluu au kahawa mgongoni na spishi nyingi wana koo na kidari ya rangi ya machungwa au nyekundu. Hawa ni ndege wa misitu ya Afrika na Asia. Madume ya spishi kadhaa waimba vizuri sana (k.m. Kurumbiza wa Ulaya). Hula wadudu hasa lakini spishi nyingine hula buibui, nyungunyungu na vyura na mijusi wadogo pia, na pengine hata beri. Hujenga tago lao kwa umbo wa kikombe katika mti, kichaka au tundu ya asili. Jike huyataga mayai 2-6.

Spishi za Afrika

• Cercotrichas barbata, Kurumbiza-miyombo (Miombo Scrub Robin)
• Cercotrichas coryphaeus, Kurumbiza wa Karuu (Karoo Scrub Robin)
• Cercotrichas galactotes, Kurumbiza Kahawiachekundu (Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin au Rufous Bush Robin)
• Cercotrichas hartlaubi, Kurumbiza Mgongo-kahawia (Brown-backed Scrub Robin)
• Cercotrichas leucophrys, Kurumbiza Mgongo-mwekundu (White-browed au Red-backed Scrub Robin)
• Cercotrichas leucosticta, Kurumbiza-misitu (Forest Scrub Robin)
• Cercotrichas paena, Kurumbiza wa Kalahari (Kalahari Scrub Robin)
• Cercotrichas podobe, Kurumbiza Mweusi (Black Scrub Robin)
• Cercotrichas quadrivirgata, Kurumbiza masharubu-meupe (Bearded Scrub Robin)
• Cercotrichas signata, Kurumbiza Kahawia (Brown Scrub Robin)
• Cichladusa arquata, Madende Mkufu (Collared Palm Thrush)
• Cichladusa guttata, Madende Madoadoa (Spotted Palm au Morning Thrush)
• Cichladusa ruficauda, Madende Mkia-mwekundu (Rufous-tailed Palm Thrush)
• Copsychus albospecularis, Kurumbiza wa Madagaska (Madagascar Magpie-Robin)
• Copsychus sechellarum, Kurumbiza wa Shelisheli (Seychelles Magpie-Robin)
• Cossypha albicapilla, Kurumbiza Utosi-mweupe (White-crowned Robin-chat)
• Cossypha anomala, Kurumbiza Makwapa-zeituni (Olive-flanked Ground Robin au Robin-chat)
• Cossypha ansorgei, Kurumbiza-mapango (Angola Cave Chat)
• Cossypha archeri, Kurumbiza wa Archer (Archer's Ground Robin au Robin-chat)
• Cossypha caffra, Kurumbiza Tumbo-kijivu (Cape Robin-chat)
• Cossypha cyanocampter, Kurumbiza Mabega-buluu (Blue-shouldered Robin-chat)
• Cossypha dichroa, Kurumbiza Mwimbaji (Chorister Robin-chat)
• Cossypha heinrichi, Kurumbiza Kichwa-cheupe (White-headed Robin-chat)
• Cossypha heuglini, Kurumbiza wa Heuglin (White-browed Robin-chat)
• Cossypha humeralis, Kurumbiza Koo-jeupe (White-throated Robin-chat)
• Cossypha isabellae, Kurumbiza-milima (Mountain Robin-chat)
• Cossypha natalensis, Kurumbiza Utosi-mwekundu (Red-capped Robin-chat)
• Cossypha niveicapilla, Kurumbiza Upara-mweupe (Snowy-crowned Robin-chat)
• Cossypha polioptera, Kurumbiza Mabawa-kijivu (Grey-winged Robin-chat)
• Cossypha semirufa, Kurumbiza wa Rüppell (Rüppell's Robin-chat)
• Cossyphicula roberti, Kurumbiza Tumbo-jeupe (White-bellied Robin-chat)
• Irania gutturalis, Kurumbiza Mwajemi (White-throated Robin)
• Luscinia luscinia, Kurumbiza Tumbo-madoa (Thrush Nightingale)
• Luscinia megarhynchos, Kurumbiza wa Ulaya (Common or Rufous Nightingale)
• Luscinia svecica, Kurumbiza Koo-buluu (Bluethroat)
• Namibornis herero, Kurumbiza wa Namibia (Herero Chat)
• Phoenicurus ochruros, Kurumbiza mweusi mkia-mwekundu (Black Redstart)
• Phoenicurus phoenicurus, Kurumbiza Mkia-mwekundu (Common Redstart)

Spishi za Asia

• Cinclidium frontale (Blue-fronted Robin)
• Copsychus albiventris (Andaman Shama)
• Copsychus cebuensis (Black Shama)
• Copsychus fulicatus (Indian Robin)
• Copsychus luzoniensis (White-browed Shama)
• Copsychus malabaricus (White-rumped Shama)
• Copsychus mindanensis (Philippine Magpie-Robin)
• Copsychus niger (White-vented Shama)
• Copsychus pyrropygus (Rufous-tailed Shama)
• Copsychus saularis (Oriental Magpie-Robin)
• Copsychus stricklandii (White-crowned Shama)
• Luscinia brunnea (Indian Blue Robin or Indian Bluechat)
• Luscinia calliope (Siberian Rubythroat)
• Luscinia cyane (Siberian Blue Robin)
• Luscinia obscura (Blackthroat au Black-throated Blue Robin)
• Luscinia pectardens (Firethroat)
• Luscinia pectoralis (White-tailed Rubythroat)
• Luscinia phoenicuroides (White-bellied Redstart)
• Luscinia ruficeps (Rufous-headed Robin)
• Luscinia sibilans (Rufous-tailed Robin or Swinhoe's Nightingale)
• Myiomela diana (Sunda Robin)
• Myiomela leucura (White-tailed Robin)
• Phoenicurus alaschanicus (Przevalski's Redstart)
• Phoenicurus auroreus (Daurian Redstart)
• Phoenicurus bicolor (Luzon Water Redstart)
• Phoenicurus coeruleocephala (Blue-capped Redstart)
• Phoenicurus erythrogastrus (Güldenstädt's Redstart)
• Phoenicurus erythronotus (Eversmann's Redstart)
• Phoenicurus frontalis (Blue-fronted Redstart)
• Phoenicurus fuliginosa (Plumbeous Water Redstart)
• Phoenicurus hodgsoni (Hodgson's Redstart)
• Phoenicurus leucocephalus (White-capped Redstart)
• Phoenicurus moussieri (Moussier's Redstart)
• Phoenicurus schisticeps (White-throated Redstart)
• Sholicola albiventris (White-bellied Blue Robin)
• Sholicola major (Nilgiri Blue Robin)
• Tarsiger chrysaeus (Golden Bush Robin)
• Tarsiger cyanurus (Red-flanked Bluetail)
• Tarsiger hyperythrus (Rufous-breasted Bush Robin)
• Tarsiger indicus (White-browed Bush Robin)
• Tarsiger johnstoniae (Collared Bush Robin)
• Tarsiger rufilatus (Himalayan Bluetail)

Picha

• 
  Kurumbiza-miyombo
• 
  Kurumbiza wa Karuu
• 
  Kurumbiza kahawianyekundu
• 
  Kurumbiza mgongo-kahawia
• 
  Kurumbiza mgongo-mwekundu
• 
  Kurumbiza wa Kalahari
• 
  Kurumbiza mweusi
• 
  Kurumbiza masharubu-meupe
• 
  Kurumbiza kahawia
• 
  Madende mkufu
• 
  Madende madoadoa
• 
  Madende mkia-mwekundu
• 
  Kurumbiza wa Madagaska
• 
  Kurumbiza wa Shelisheli
• 
  Kurumbiza-mapango
• 
  Kurumbiza wa Archer
• 
  Kurumbiza tumbo-kijivu
• 
  Kurumbiza mwimbaji
• 
  Kurumbiza wa Heuglin
• 
  Kurumbiza koo-jeupe
• 
  Kurumbiza utosi-mwekundu
• 
  Kurumbiza upara-mweupe
• 
  Kurumbiza wa Rüppell
• 
  Kurumbiza tumbo-madoa
• 
  Kurumbiza wa Ulaya
• 
  Kurumbiza koo-buluu
• 
  Kurumbiza wa Namibia
• 
  Kurumbiza mkia-mwekundu mweusi
• 
  Kurumbiza mkia-mwekundu

• 
  White-rumped shama
• 
  Oriental magpie robin
• 
  Indian blue robin
• 
  Siberian rubythroat
• 
  White-tailed rubythroat
• 
  Golden bush robin
• 
  Red-flanked bluetail
• 
  Collared bush robin