Ufundi wa vita

Nakala ya Ufundi wa Vita iliyoandikwa kwenye kanda za bamboo

Ufundi wa vita (kwa Kichina 孫子兵法 pinyin Sūnzǐ bīngfǎ Sunzi kuhusu ufundi wa vita) ni kitabu cha mwandishi Mchina Sunzi kuhusu mikakati ya vita. Hutazamwa kama kitabu cha kwanza kinachojulikana katika fani hii kikisomwa hadi leo hii na wanafunzi na viongozi wa siasa, uchumi na jeshi.

Kitabu kinaeleza umuhimu wa kutumia vifaa vyote vinavyopatikana kwa kufikia shabaha na umuhimu wa kuvitumia kulingana na hali halisi na kuwa tayari ya kubadilisha mbinu mara kwa mara.

Viongozi kama Mao Zedong (China), jenerali Vo Nguyen Giap (Vietnam), jenerali Douglas MacArthur (Marekani) na wengine walikisoma na kujifunza kutoka kitabu cha Sunzi.

Muundo wa kitabu

Kitabu kina milango 13 inayojadili pande mbalimbali za kuandaa vita na kuviendesha.

1. Mkakati au namna ya kupanga vita
2. Namna za kuendesha vita
3. Mikakati ya mashambulizi
4. Mbinu za kutumia rasilimali za kijeshi
5. Namna ya kutumia nguvu
6. Udhaifu na nguvu
7. Namna za kuongoza jeshi
8. Njia tisa za kutumia rasilmali za kijeshi
9. Jeshi katika mwendo
10. Eneo la vita
11. Aina tisa za maeneo
12. Kutumia moto katika mashambulio
13. Matumizi ya wapelelezi

Mafundisho

Sunzi anaonya ni heri kuepukana na vita kwa sababu vinaharibu dola na taifa. Jambo muhimu ni kwanza kubatilisha mkakati wa adui, pili kuvunja ushirikiano wa adui na wenzake, tatu kupiga vita na kushinda kama hatua za kwanza na za pili zimeshindikana.

Sunzi anajadili hatari ya vita virefu anayotaja kama tishio hasa kwa kutunza jeshi lake na uwezo wake. Kutokana na hatari hii ni shabaha muhimu kuepukana na mapigano marefu.

Anataka kiongozi awe na utulivu wa kusubiri lakini kutumia nguvu yote kama ni lazima kuingia katika mapigano. „Mpiganaji mwenye hekima atatafuta nafasi inayozuia kushindwa kwake na hasiti kutumia muda sahihi wa kumshinda adui haraka iwezekanavyo."

Sunzi aliandika: „Ufundi mkuu vitani ni kuvunja upinzani wa adui bila mapigano"

Matoleo

[Toleo la Kiingereza lilitafsiriwa 1994 na Ralph D. Sawyer, limechapishwa mwaka 2003

• Sun Tzu translated and annotated by Lionel Giles (2005). The Art of War by Sun Tzu – Special Edition. El Paso Norte Press. ISBN 0-9760726-9-6.
• Sun Tzu translated and annotated by R. L. Wing (1988). The Art of Strategy. Main Street Books. ISBN 0-385-23784-7.
• Sun Tzu translated and annotated by Ralph D. Sawyer (1994). The Art of War. Barnes & Noble. ISBN 1-56619-297-8.
• Sun Tzu translated and annotated by Chow-Hou Wee (2003). Sun Zi Art of War: An Illustrated Translation with Asian Perspectives and Insights. Pearson Education Asia. ISBN 0-13-100137-X.
• Sun Tzu translated and annotated by Samuel B. Griffith (1963). The Art of War. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-501476-6.
• Sun Tzu translated by John Minford (2002). The Art of War. Viking. ISBN 0-670-03156-9.
• Sun Tzu translated by Thomas Cleary (1991). The Art Of War. Shambhala Publications. ISBN 0-87773-537-9.
• Sun Tzu translated by Victor H. Mair (2007). The Art of War: Sun Zi's Military Methods. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-13382-1.
• Sun Tzu edited by James Clavell (1983). The Art of War. Delacorte Press. ISBN 0-385-29216-3. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)
• Sun-Tzu translated by Roger Ames (1993). The Art of Warfare. Random House. ISBN 0-345-36239-X..
• Sun Tzu translated by the Denma translation group (2001). The Art of War: the Denma translation. Shambhala Publications. ISBN 1-57062-904-8.
• Sun Tzu translated by J.H. Huang (1993). The Art of War: The New Translation. Quill William Morrow. ISBN 0-688-12400-3.
• Sun Tzu translated by Donald G. Krause (1995). The Art of War For Executives. Berkely Publishing Group; Perigee Books. ISBN 0-399-51902-5.
• Sun Tzu translated by Stephen F. Kaufman (1996). The Art of War: The Definitive Interpretation of Sun Tzu's Classic Book of Strategy. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3080-0.
• Sun Tzu translated by Yuan Shibing (1987). Sun Tzu's Art of War: The Modern Chinese Interpretation. Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. ISBN 0-8069-6638-6.
• Sun Tzu translated and annotated by Thomas Huynh and the Editors of Sonshi.com (2008). The Art of War: Spirituality for Conflict. Skylight Paths Publishing. ISBN 978-1-59473-244-7
• Sun Tzu translated in Hindi by Madhuker Upadhyay (2001). 'Yudhkala'. ISBN 81-7778-041-7
• Sun Tzu (2003). The Art of War plus The Ancient Chinese Revealed. translated by Gary Gagliardi. Hillsborough, Washington: Clearbridge Publishing. ISBN 1-929194-42-0. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |month=, |chapterurl=, |origdate=, na |coauthors= (help)