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Tujilane Chizumila

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Tujilane Rose Chizumila (alizaliwa 14 Mei 1953) ni wakili na mwanasheria wa Malawi ambaye aliteuliwa kwa Mahakama ya Afrika ya Haki za Binadamu na za Mataifa kwa kipindi cha miaka sita mnamo 2017.

Maisha ya awali na elimu

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Chizumila alizaliwa tarehe 14 Mei 1953 huko Zomba, Malawi. [1] [2] Baba yake, George Michongwe, alikuwa mtumishi mwandamizi wa kiraia ambaye alipewa Ujumbe wa Malawi katika Umoja wa Mataifa huko New York mnamo 1964. Baada ya Mgogoro wa Baraza la Mawaziri la 1964 nchini Malawi, familia yake ilikimbilia uhamishoni mnamo 1966, ikikaa kama wakimbizi nchini Tanzania . [3] Ana shahada ya kwanza ya sheria kutoka Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam, [1] na shahada ya uzamili ya Sheria ya Kimataifa, iliyopatikana nchini Ujerumani. [4][5]

Kazi

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Chizumila na wanawe wawili walirudi Malawi mnamo 1988, ambapo alifanya kazi kwa "Okoa Watoto" miezi kumi na nane wakati akingojea kibali cha usalama kwa sababu alikuwa mtoto wa "muasi."[1] Kisha aliamriwa na Hastings Banda kuripoti kwa Waziri wa Sheria kama Wakili wa Serikali. [6] Baadaye alikuwa mwanamke wa kwanza kuanzisha kampuni ya mawakili nchini Malawi. [7]

Mnamo 2000, Chizumila aliteuliwa kama Kamishna Mkuu wa Malawi nchini Zimbabwe. [4] Aliteuliwa kama jaji wa Mahakama Kuu ya Malawi mnamo 2003 na Rais Bakili Muluzi. [8] Uchapishaji wake, "Mtazamo wa mjane - uzoefu wa kibinafsi" ulisababisha kutungwa kwa sheria ya Haki ya mali ya wanawake nchini Malawi. [4]

Chizumila alikuwa Inspekta mkuu (Metezi wa raia) wa kwanza wa kike Malawi, akihudumu kutoka 2010 hadi 2015.[4][9] Mnamo mwaka wa 2012, alishtakiwa kwa upendeleo na baadaye alikamatwa na kuhojiwa huko Lilongwe kwa tuhuma za unyanyasaji wa ofisi yake. [10][11] Alikataa kujiuzulu wakati hakuna ushahidi wowote unaoweza kutolewa dhidi yake. [12] Mnamo Aprili 2013, wanaume watano wenye silaha walivamia nyumba yake huko Lilongwe, na kuiba mali na kumtishia yeye na watoto wake. [11][13]

Chizumila alichaguliwa kwa Mahakama ya Afrika kwenye mkutano wa Umoja wa Afrika huko Addis Ababa mnamo Januari 2017,[14][15] pamoja na Bensaoula Chafika wa Algeria. Wawili hao waliapishwa mnamo Machi 6, na kuleta idadi ya wanawake Mahakamani kwa majaji watano kati ya kumi na moja kwa mara ya kwanza[16] na kutimiza mahitaji ya usawa wa kijinsia wa Itifaki inayoanzisha Mahakama.[17]

Machapisho

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  • Chanda, Cosmas; Chizumila, Tujilane (30 Novemba 1992). "Kukuza Ushiriki wa Wanawake Wakimbizi katika Majukumu ya Uongozi na Usimamizi wa Vitu vya Usaidizi katika Makazi ya Wakimbizi ya Nyamithuthu". Lilongwe: UNHCR.
  • Chizumila, Tujilane. "Mtazamo wa mjane - uzoefu wa kibinafsi".
  • Chizumila, Tujilane (2012). "Utawala wa Sheria nchini Malawi: Njia ya Kupata Upya". Chama cha Mawakili cha Kimataifa

Maisha binafsi

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Chizumila aliolewa nchini Tanzania na ana watoto wawili wa kiume na wa kike.[18] Aliachana na mumewe kwa ukafiri.[1] Nchini Malawi, aliolewa na Collins Chizumila, wakili anayeunga mkono demokrasia na mwanachama mwanzilishi wa Umoja wa Kidemokrasia mbele[19] ambaye aliwahi kuwa Waziri wa Sheria na Wakili wa Serikali Mkuu wa Malawi, mnamo 1992.[1] Alifariki mnamo 1996 na ndani ya wiki tatu alipoteza mali zote pamoja na nyumba yake ambayo iliuzwa na mtoto wake wa kambo. Chizumila anazungumza Kiingereza, Kijerumani, Chichewa na Lugha ya Kiswahili [4]

Marejeo

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Rebecca A. Clay (2013). "Rising to the occasion". PsycEXTRA Dataset. Iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26.
  2. ↑ "Katenga-Kaunda, Reid Willie, (20 Aug. 1929–21 April 2004), Malaŵi Independence Medal, 1964; Malaŵi Republic Medal, 1966; Political Adviser to State President, Malaŵi, since 1994", Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26
  3. ↑ "Katenga-Kaunda, Reid Willie, (20 Aug. 1929–21 April 2004), Malaŵi Independence Medal, 1964; Malaŵi Republic Medal, 1966; Political Adviser to State President, Malaŵi, since 1994", Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 YOUNG, DON J. (2009-03-18). "Report On Current Cases of Interest to Juvenile Court Judges". Juvenile Court Judges Journal. 13 (1): 21–30. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6988.1962.tb00309.x. ISSN 0022-7153.
  5. ↑ "Katenga-Kaunda, Reid Willie, (20 Aug. 1929–21 April 2004), Malaŵi Independence Medal, 1964; Malaŵi Republic Medal, 1966; Political Adviser to State President, Malaŵi, since 1994", Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26
  6. ↑ "Katenga-Kaunda, Reid Willie, (20 Aug. 1929–21 April 2004), Malaŵi Independence Medal, 1964; Malaŵi Republic Medal, 1966; Political Adviser to State President, Malaŵi, since 1994", Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26
  7. ↑ "First Annual Report of the Ombudsman in Malawi". Journal of African Law. 41 (1): 146–147. 1997. doi:10.1017/s0021855300010068. ISSN 0021-8553.
  8. ↑ "How biased judges and juries can make you a murderer". New Scientist. 230 (3078): 38–39. 2016-06. doi:10.1016/s0262-4079(16)31099-5. ISSN 0262-4079. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  9. ↑ Hertogh, Marc (2018). "The ombudsman and administrative justice: from promise to performance". Research Handbook on the Ombudsman: 1–15. doi:10.4337/9781786431257.00008.
  10. ↑ "Two Cambodian journalists facing spying charges freed on bail". Human Rights Documents Online. Iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Geiß, Robin; Petrig, Anna (2011-02-24), "The Criminal Prosecution of Pirates and Armed Robbers at Sea", Piracy and Armed Robbery at Sea, Oxford University Press, ku. 136–220, ISBN 978-0-19-960952-9, iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26
  12. ↑ Kenya), Inaugural Regional Colloquium of African Ombudsmen (2013 : Nairobi,. Repositioning the Ombudsman : challenges and prospects for African Ombudsman institutions : 19th-21st September 2013. OCLC 1019835971.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  13. ↑ "Robbery. Conviction of Unarmed Accomplice of Armed Robber under Statute Prescribing Punishment for Armed Felony". Virginia Law Review. 26 (1): 119. 1939-11. doi:10.2307/1067935. ISSN 0042-6601. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  14. ↑ Obokata, Tom (2019-05-16), "Human Trafficking in Africa", The African Court of Justice and Human and Peoples' Rights in Context, Cambridge University Press, ku. 529–552, ISBN 978-1-108-52534-3, iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26
  15. ↑ "From the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights to the African Court of Justice and Human Rights", The African Regional Human Rights System, Brill | Nijhoff, ku. 265–282, 2012-01-01, ISBN 978-90-04-21815-4, iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26
  16. ↑ "From the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights to the African Court of Justice and Human Rights", The African Regional Human Rights System, Brill | Nijhoff, ku. 265–282, 2012-01-01, ISBN 978-90-04-21815-4, iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26
  17. ↑ "Judges sworn in to Colombian war crimes court | Justice on the line in Kosovo". Human Rights Documents Online. Iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26.
  18. ↑ "Katenga-Kaunda, Reid Willie, (20 Aug. 1929–21 April 2004), Malaŵi Independence Medal, 1964; Malaŵi Republic Medal, 1966; Political Adviser to State President, Malaŵi, since 1994", Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, iliwekwa mnamo 2021-06-26
  19. ↑ A., Crosby, C. (1993). Historical dictionary of Malawi. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-2628-3. OCLC 27976872.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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