Trichuriasis

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Trichuriasis
Mwainisho na taarifa za nje
SpecialtyInfectious diseases Edit this on Wikidata
ICD-10B79.
ICD-9127.3
DiseasesDB31146
MedlinePlus001364
MeSHD014257

Trichuriasis ni ambukizo kutoka mnyoo-mjeledi (Trichuris trichiura, Kiing. whipworm).[1] Kama uambukizo unatokana na minyoo michache, mara nyingi hakuna dalili zake. [2] Kwa wale ambao wanaambukizwa na minyoo mingi, pengine maumivu ya fumbatio yanatokea, uchovu pamoja na kuharisha.[2] Mara nyingine kuharisha kumekuwepo na ((damu)).[2] Uambukizo wa watoto unaweza kudhoofisha ukuaji wa akili pamoja na wa mwili.[2] Viwango vilivyo chini vya seli nyekundu za damu Hali hii huenda inaweza kutokea kutokana na upungufu wa damu.[1]

Chanzo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Kwa kawaida maradhi haya yanaambukiza kutokana na kula chakula au kunywa maji yenye mayai ya minyoo hii.[2] Mara nyingine maradhi yanatokea katika miboga inayoambukizwa na haijasafishwa wala kupikwa vya kutosha.[2] Mara nyingi mayai haya yamo ndani ya ardhi ya mahali ambapo watu wanaenda haja kubwa ((kunya nje)) pia ambako vinyesi visivyotiliwa dawa vinatumika kama mbolea. [1] Mayai haya chanzo chao ni vinyesi vya watu wanaoambukizwa.[2] Watoto wachanga wanaocheza kwenye ardhi namna hii wakitia vidole mdomoni wanaambukizwa kwa urahisi.[2] Minyoo wanaishi katika utumbo mkubwa wakiwa na urefu wa takribin sentimita nne.[1] Whipworm inatambulika kutokana na kuona mayai katika uchunguzi wa kinyesi kwa hadubini.[3] Mayai yana umbo wa pipa la mviringo.[4]

Ugangakinga na matibabu[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Ukinga unatokana na kupika chakula vizuri cha kutosha na kunawa kabla ya kupika. [5] Taratibu nyingine ni pamoja na hali bora ya usafi wa mazingira mifano ni kuwepo kwa vyoo visafi [5] na vinavyofanya kazi vizuri pamoja na kuwepo kwa maji safi.[6] Katika maeneo ya dunia ambako uambukizi hutokea kwa wingi, ni kawaida kuwatibu watu katika makundi ukifuatiliwa mchakato wa tiba.[7] Matibabu yana muda wa siku tatu za kumeza dawa za: albendazole, mebendazole au ivermectin.[8] Mara nyingi watu wanaambukizwa upya baada ya tibu.[9]

Elimumaambo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Uambukizo kutoka whipworm unaathiri idadi ya watu milioni 600 hadi 800 dunia nzima.[1][10] Kwa kawaida hutokea katika nchi za joto[7] Katika dunia inayoendelea, wale watu wanaoambukizwa na whipworm mara nyingi wanaumia maambukizo ya minyoo ya safura pamoja na minyoo ya askari mwilini [7] Watu hao wanaathiri uchumi wa nchi nyingi. [11] Kazi inaendelea kuunda ((dawa ya chanjo)) dhidi ya maradhi haya.[7] Trichuriasis inaainishwa kama maradhi ya nchi za joto yanayopuuzwa.[12]

Marejeo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "Parasites - Trichuriasis (also known as Whipworm Infection)". CDC. January 10, 2013. Iliwekwa mnamo 5 March 2014.  Check date values in: |date=, |accessdate= (help)
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 "Soil-transmitted helminth infections Fact sheet N°366". World Health Organization. June 2013. Iliwekwa mnamo 5 March 2014.  Check date values in: |date=, |accessdate= (help)
  3. "Parasites - Trichuriasis (also known as Whipworm Infection) Diagnosis". CDC. January 10, 2013. Iliwekwa mnamo 20 March 2014.  Check date values in: |date=, |accessdate= (help)
  4. Duben-Engelkirk, Paul G. Engelkirk, Janet (2008). Laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases : essentials of diagnostic microbiology. Baltimore: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams &Wlkins. uk. 604. ISBN 9780781797016. 
  5. 5.0 5.1 "Parasites - Trichuriasis (also known as Whipworm Infection) Prevention&Control". CDC. January 10, 2013. Iliwekwa mnamo 20 March 2014.  Check date values in: |date=, |accessdate= (help)
  6. Ziegelbauer, K; Speich, B; Mäusezahl, D; Bos, R; Keiser, J; Utzinger, J (Jan 2012). "Effect of sanitation on soil-transmitted helminth infection: systematic review and meta-analysis.". PLoS medicine 9 (1): e1001162. PMC 3265535. PMID 22291577. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001162. 
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Bethony, J; Brooker, S; Albonico, M; Geiger, SM; Loukas, A; Diemert, D; Hotez, PJ (May 6, 2006). "Soil-transmitted helminth infections: ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm.". Lancet 367 (9521): 1521–32. PMID 16679166. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68653-4.  Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. "Parasites - Trichuriasis (also known as Whipworm Infection): Resources for Health Professionals". CDC. January 10, 2013. Iliwekwa mnamo 5 March 2014.  Check date values in: |date=, |accessdate= (help)
  9. Jia, TW; Melville, S; Utzinger, J; King, CH; Zhou, XN (2012). "Soil-transmitted helminth reinfection after drug treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.". PLoS neglected tropical diseases 6 (5): e1621. PMC 3348161. PMID 22590656. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001621. 
  10. Fenwick, A (Mar 2012). "The global burden of neglected tropical diseases.". Public health 126 (3): 233–6. PMID 22325616. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2011.11.015. 
  11. Jamison, Dean (2006). "Helminth Infections: Soil-transmitted Helminth Infections and Schistosomiasis". Disease control priorities in developing countries (toleo la 2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. uk. Chapter 24. ISBN 9780821361801. 
  12. "Neglected Tropical Diseases". cdc.gov. June 6, 2011. Iliwekwa mnamo 28 November 2014.  Check date values in: |date=, |accessdate= (help)