Fundo
Fundo (Kiing. knot) ni namna ya kuunganisha pande mbili za kamba, uzi au kitambaa, dutu kinamo kama mpira au wakati mwingine pia za nyororo.
Namna ya kupinda pande mbili kati yake inaongeza uso zinapogusana na hivyo kuongeza msuguano wakati pande mbili zinavutwa; msuguano huo unazuia kuteleza kwa kamba juu ya kamba. Kila fundo linapokazwa huwa imara zaidi.
Mafundo yamepatikana tangu kale, wakati binadamu walianza kutumia vikonyo vya mimea au nyuzi nyingine kufunga mawe kwenye pini za shoka zao. Mafundo yalitumiwa pia kwa kutengeneza nyavu au matego.
Mafundo yaliendelea sana kuwa tata tangu kupatikana kwa mashua ya tanga.
Kati ya mabaharia elimu ya mafundo imekuwa sayansi ya pekee. Walijifunza na kufundishana kutumia mafundo mbalimbali kwa shughuli maalumu.
Kujisomea[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- Clifford W. Ashley. The Ashley Book of Knots. Doubleday, New York. ISBN 0-385-04025-3.
- Geoffrey Budworth (1999). The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Knots & Ropework. Annes Publishing Limited. ISBN 1-55267-986-1.
- John Cassidy (1985). The Klutz Book of Knots. Klutz Press, Palo Alto, California. ISBN 0-932592-10-4.
- Cyrus L. Day. Knots & Splices. International Marine/McGraw-Hill Companies. ISBN 0-87742-252-4.
- Raoul Graumont. Handbook of Knots. Cornell Maritime Press/Tidewater Publishers. ISBN 0-87033-030-6.
- R.S. Lee. All The Knots You Need. Algrove Publishing. ISBN 0-921335-47-4.
- Allen Padgett and Bruce Smith. On Rope. National Speleological Society. ISBN 0-9615093-2-5.
- Des Pawson (2001). Pocket Guide to Knots & Splices. Produced for Propsero Books by RPC Publishing Ltd., London. ISBN 1-55267-218-2.
- Brion Toss. The Complete Rigger's Apprentice. International Marine/McGraw-Hill Companies. ISBN 0-07-064840-9.
- J. C. Turner and P. van de Griend (ed.) (1996). History and Science of Knots. World Scientific. ISBN 981-02-2469-9.