Werner Herzog
Werner Herzog (Septemba 5, 1942) aliyezaliwa huko Munich, Ujerumani, ni mmoja wa watayarishaji filamu mashuhuri zaidi wa karne ya 20 na 21. Herzog alikulia katika kijiji kidogo cha Bavarian baada ya familia yake kuhamia huko wakati wa Vita vya Pili vya Dunia. Hawakuwa na uwezo wa kupata televisheni wala sinema alipokuwa mdogo, hivyo alianza kuandika na kuhadithia hadithi. Aliandika filamu yake ya kwanza akiwa na umri wa miaka 14, na baada ya kupata kamera ya 35mm, alianza kutengeneza filamu fupi.
Herzog alisoma Historia na Falsafa katika chuo kikuu cha Munich na chuo kikuu cha Pittsburgh. Kipindi anasoma, alifanya kazi mbalimbali za vibarua ili kujisomesha na kugharamia miradi yake ya filamu. Mnamo mwaka 1961, alianzisha kampuni yake ya utayarishaji wa filamu, Werner Herzog Filmproduktion, ambayo ilimsaidia kutengeneza filamu zake mwenyewe.
Filamu yake ya kwanza ya mafanikio makubwa ilikuwa "Signs of Life" (1968), ambayo ilimpatia tuzo ya Hati ya Fedha katika Tamasha la Filamu la Berlin. Herzog anajulikana kwa mbinu zake za kipekee za utayarishaji filamu, mara nyingi amekuwa akitumia wahusika wa kawaida na wachanga badala ya waigizaji wabobezi, na akizingatia mandhari na mazingira ya kipekee.
Katika miaka ya 1970, Herzog alishirikiana mara nyingi na mwigizaji Klaus Kinski, wakitengeneza filamu za kukumbukwa kama "Aguirre, the Wrath of God" (1972), "Nosferatu the Vampyre" (1979), na "Fitzcarraldo" (1982). Mahusiano yao yalikuwa na changamoto nyingi lakini yalizaa matunda makubwa ya kisanii.
Herzog pia amekuwa maarufu kwa filamu zake za hali halisi kama "Grizzly Man" (2005) ambayo ni mfano mzuri wa filamu zake za hali halisi zinazochunguza maisha na tabia za kibinadamu kwa undani. Filamu hii ilihusu maisha ya Timothy Treadwell, mpenda dubu aliyeuawa na dubu huko Alaska.
Maisha binafsi ya Herzog
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Herzog ni mtu wa familia, akiwa ameoa na watoto. Pia amejitolea kwenye elimu, akifundisha utengenezaji wa filamu katika shule mbalimbali na kuanzisha Werner Herzog Rogue Film School. Herzog ameendelea kuwa na ushawishi mkubwa katika tasnia ya filamu duniani kote, akijulikana kwa ujasiri wake wa kuchukua hatari za kisanii na udadisi.
Baadhi ya filamu bora za Herzog
[hariri | hariri chanzo]| Jina la Filamu/Tamthilia | Mwaka Uliotoka | Idadi ya Tuzo | Wasanii Wakubwa Alioshirikiana Nao |
|---|---|---|---|
| Signs of Life | 1968 | 1 | Peter Brogle, Wolfgang Reichmann |
| Even Dwarfs Started Small | 1970 | 0 | Helmut Döring, Gerd Gickel |
| Fata Morgana | 1971 | 0 | Lotte Eisner (narrator) |
| Aguirre, the Wrath of God | 1972 | 2 | Klaus Kinski, Helena Rojo |
| The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser | 1974 | 5 | Bruno S., Walter Ladengast |
| Heart of Glass | 1976 | 0 | Josef Bierbichler, Stefan Güttler |
| Stroszek | 1977 | 1 | Bruno S., Eva Mattes |
| Nosferatu the Vampyre | 1979 | 2 | Klaus Kinski, Isabelle Adjani |
| Woyzeck | 1979 | 0 | Klaus Kinski, Eva Mattes |
| Fitzcarraldo | 1982 | 3 | Klaus Kinski, Claudia Cardinale |
| Where the Green Ants Dream | 1984 | 1 | Bruce Spence, Wandjuk Marika |
| Cobra Verde | 1987 | 0 | Klaus Kinski, King Ampaw |
| Lessons of Darkness | 1992 | 1 | - |
| Little Dieter Needs to Fly | 1997 | 2 | Dieter Dengler |
| My Best Fiend | 1999 | 0 | Klaus Kinski, Werner Herzog |
| Invincible | 2001 | 0 | Tim Roth, Jouko Ahola |
| Grizzly Man | 2005 | 17 | Timothy Treadwell, Werner Herzog |
| Encounters at the End of the World | 2007 | 6 | Werner Herzog, Samuel Bowser |
| Cave of Forgotten Dreams | 2010 | 8 | Werner Herzog, Jean Clottes |
| Into the Abyss | 2011 | 4 | Werner Herzog |
Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Cronin, P. (2014). "Werner Herzog: A Guide for the Perplexed."
- Herzog, W. (2019). "Of Walking in Ice."
- Prager, B. (2007). "Aesthetic Vision and German Romanticism: Writing Images."
- MacGillivray, D. (1991). "The Films of Werner Herzog." Cronin, P. (2002). "Herzog on Herzog."
- Elsässer, T. (2009). "Werner Herzog – Interviews."
- McQueen, A. (2011). "Werner Herzog."
- Atkinson, M. (1997). "Werner Herzog: Interviews."
- Wheatley, C. (2013). "The Cinema of Werner Herzog: Aesthetic Ecstasy and Truth."
- Corrigan, T. (1986). "New German Cinema: The Displaced Image."
- Kaes, A. (1989). "From Hitler to Heimat: The Return of History as Film."
- Phillips, R. (2010). "New German Cinema: A History."