Tazama chanzo cha Roma

{{otheruses}}
{{Infobox Settlement
|jina_rasmi               = Mji wa Roma
|picha_ya_bendera         = Flag of Rome.svg
|picha_ya_nembo           = Insigne Romanum coronatum.svg
|picha_ya_satelite        = Roma dall'aereo.JPG
|maelezo_ya_picha         = Kiini cha Roma kutoka angani
|pushpin_map              = 
|pushpin_map_caption      = Mahali pa mji wa Roma katika Italia
|coordinates              = {{coord|41|53|N|12|30|E|region:IT-62_type:city(3000000)|display=inline,title}}
|settlement_type          = Jiji
|subdivision_type         = [[Madola|Nchi]]
|subdivision_name         = [[Italia]]
|subdivision_type1        = [[Mikoa ya Italia|Mkoa]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Lazio]]
|idadi_ya_wakazi_kwa_mwaka_wa = 2018
|wakazi_kwa_ujumla        = 2.860.009
|website                  = [http://www.comune.roma.it/ www.comune.roma.it]
}}	
[[File:Rome Montage 2017.png|270px|thumb|Kwa kufuata mshale wa saa kutoka juu [[Koloseo]], [[Basilika la Mt. Petro]], [[Castel Sant'Angelo]], [[Ponte Sant'Angelo]], [[Mabomba ya Trevi]] na [[Pantheon, Roma|Pantheon]].]]
[[File:Roma Septimontium PNG.png|thumb|left|Vilima saba vya Roma asili na vilima saba vya kandokando yake.]] 
'''Roma''' (pia '''Rumi''') ni [[mji mkuu]] ("Roma Capitale") wa [[Jamhuri]] ya [[Italia]]. Pia ni mji mkuu wa [[Lazio|mkoa wa Lazio]]. 

Roma iko katika sehemu ya [[magharibi]] ya kati ya [[Rasi ya Italia]], katika makutano ya [[mito]] ya [[Tiber]] na [[Aniene]] karibu na [[Bahari ya Mediteranea]]. 

Roma ina wakazi 2,860,009 katika 1,285 km2 (496.1 sq mi),<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Sorrentino|first=Paolo|date=2014-12-17|title=Da Comune a Capitale. Storia dell’identità visiva di Roma|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/logos.2014.14153|journal=Logos|volume=2|issue=24|doi=10.12957/logos.2014.14153|issn=1982-2391}}</ref> Roma ni komune yenye watu wengi zaidi nchini na ni [[jiji]] la tatu lenye watu wengi katika [[Umoja wa Ulaya]] kwa [[idadi]] ya watu ndani ya mipaka ya jiji.  

Roma mara nyingi inajulikana kama Jiji la Milima Saba kutokana na eneo lake la kijiografia, na pia kama "Mji wa Milele". Roma kwa ujumla inachukuliwa kuwa "chimbuko la [[ustaarabu wa magharibi]] na [[Utamaduni wa Kikristo]]", na [[kitovu]] cha [[Kanisa Katoliki]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/990777946|title=Understanding China today : an exploration of politics, economics, society, and international relations|date=2017|others=Silvio Beretta, Axel Berkofsky, Lihong Zhang|isbn=978-3-319-29625-8|location=Cham, Switzerland|oclc=990777946}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/613205976|title=Christianity|last=Bahr|first=Ann Marie B.|date=2004|publisher=Chelsea House Publishers|isbn=978-1-4381-0639-7|location=Philadelphia|oclc=613205976}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/57707254|title=Rome in America : transnational Catholic ideology from the Risorgimento to fascism|last=D'Agostino|first=Peter R.|date=2004|publisher=University of North Carolina Press|isbn=0-8078-6341-6|location=Chapel Hill|oclc=57707254}}</ref> [[Mji wa Vatikano]]<ref>"What is the smallest country in the world?". ''History.com''. Archived from the original on 27 September 2018. Retrieved 27 September 2018.</ref> (nchi ndogo zaidi duniani) ni nchi huru ndani ya mipaka ya jiji la Roma, mfano pekee uliopo wa nchi ndani ya jiji. 

== Eneo la Roma ==
[[Picha:Roma dall'aereo.JPG|thumb|Kiini cha Roma kutoka angani.]]
Roma uko [[Italia ya Kati|katikati ya Italia]] ikiwa [[mita]] 20 juu ya [[UB]] ndani ya [[tambarare]] ya [[bonde]] la [[mto Tiber]] linalopakana na [[milima]] ya [[Abruzzo|Abruzzi]], [[milima ya Sabini]] na [[milima ya Albani]].

[[Wilaya]] za jirani ni [[Viterbo]], [[Rieti]], [[L'Aquila]], [[Frosinone]] na [[Latina]].

Mwanzo wa Roma ulikuwa kwenye [[kilima|vilima]] [[saba]] vilivyo katikati ya mji wa leo vinavyoitwa: [[Palatino]], [[Aventino]], [[Campidoglio]], [[Quirinale]], [[Viminale]], [[Esquilino]] na [[Celio]].

== Hali ya hewa ==
[[Hali ya hewa]] hutawaliwa na [[bahari]] iliyo karibu. [[Wastani]] wa [[halijoto]] kwa [[mwaka]] ni [[sentigredi]] 15,4. [[Mvua]] hunyesha wastani wa [[mm]] 758 kwa mwaka. 

Miezi yenye [[joto]] ni [[Juni]] hadi [[Agosti]] ikiwa na wastani wa sentigredi 21 hadi 23,8; ni miezi ya mvua kidogo. 

Mwezi [[baridi]] zaidi ni [[Januari]] ikiwa na wastani wa sentigredi 7,9.

==Historia==
[[Historia]] ya mji inasemekana imeanza rasmi tarehe [[21 Aprili]] [[753 KK]], lakini [[Jengo|majengo]] ya kwanza ni ya [[karne ya 10 KK]]. 

Katika [[karne]] za [[KK]] ulikuwa mji mkuu wa [[ufalme wa Roma]], halafu wa [[Jamhuri ya Roma]], hatimaye wa [[Dola la Roma]]. 

Katika miaka [[100 KK]] - [[400]] [[BK]] hivi ulikuwa na wakazi wengi kuliko miji yote [[duniani]].

Uenezi wa [[Ukristo]] kuanzia [[mwaka]] [[30]] na hasa ujio wa [[Mtume Petro]] na [[Mtume Paulo]] [[Kifodini|waliofia]] [[dini]] [[ukristo|yao]] ([[64]]-[[6]]8) huko viliathiri mji huo moja kwa moja.

Kuanzia [[karne ya 7]] [[BK]] ukawa mji mkuu wa [[Dola la Papa]], halafu wa [[Ufalme wa Italia]] na sasa wa [[Jamhuri ya Italia]]. Huitwa mara nyingi "Mji wa Milele".

== Wakazi ==
Roma ilianza kama muungano wa [[Kijiji|vijiji]] vidogo vyenye wakazi [[mia]] kadhaa. 

Katika [[karne ya 1]] BK ilikuwa tayari na wakazi [[milioni]] [[moja]]. 

Tangu kuondoka kwa makao makuu ya [[Kaisari]] na kupungua kwa nguvu ya [[Dola la Roma Magharibi]] [[idadi]] ya wakazi ilipungua hadi kuwa na takriban 100,000 mnamo mwaka [[530]].
 
Katika karne zilizofuata Italia pamoja na [[Ulaya]] iliona [[vita]] na mashambulio ya makabila yasiyostaarabika. Mnamo mwaka [[1000]] Roma ilikuwa mji mdogo wenye wakazi 20,000 pekee walioishi ndani ya maghofu ya mji mkubwa wa kale. 

Tangu kuimarika kwa [[utawala]] wa [[Papa|mapapa]] mji ulianza kukua tena; mnamo mwaka [[1900]] ukawa na wakazi 400,000. Katika [[karne ya 20]] mji ulipanuka sana hadi kufikia idadi ya wakazi wa zamani hata kuipita. Siku hizi [[asilimia]] 7.4 ni wageni.

Orodha inayofuata inaonyesha makadirio hadi [[1858]], baadaye ni namba za [[sensa]]. 

{| border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5"
| valign="top" |
{|
! style="background:#efefef;" | [[Mwaka]] [[BK]]
! style="background:#efefef;" | Wakazi
|-
| [[330]] || align="right" | 1.000.000
|-
| [[410]] || align="right" | 400.000
|-
| [[530]] || align="right" | 100.000
|-
| [[650]] || align="right" | 20.000
|-
| [[1000]] || align="right" | 20.000
|-
| [[1750]] || align="right" | 156.000
|- 	
| [[1800]] || align="right" | 163.000
|- 	
| [[1820]] || align="right" | 139.900
|-	
| [[1850]] || align="right" | 175.000
|- 	
| [[1853]] || align="right" | 175.800
|-	
| [[1858]] || align="right" | 182.600
|-	
| [[31. 12.]] [[1861]] || align="right" | 194.500
|-	
| [[31. 12.]] [[1871]] || align="right" | 212.432
|-	
|}
| valign="top" |
{||
! style="background:#efefef;" | Mwaka BK
! style="background:#efefef;" | Wakazi
|-	
| [[31. 12.]] [[1881]] || align="right" | 273.952
|-	
| [[10. 02.]] [[1901]] || align="right" | 422.411
|- 	
| [[10. 06.]] [[1911]] || align="right" | 518.917
|-	
| [[01. 12.]] [[1921]] || align="right" | 660.235
|-	
| [[21. 04.]] [[1931]] || align="right" | 930.926
|- 	
| [[21. 04.]] [[1936]] || align="right" | 1.150.589
|- 	
| [[4. 11.]] [[1951]] || align="right" | 1.651.754
|- 
| [[15. 10.]] [[1961]] || align="right" | 2.188.160
|- 	
| [[24. 10.]] [[1971]] || align="right" | 2.781.993
|-	
| [[25. 10.]] [[1981]] || align="right" | 2.840.259 
|-	
| [[20. 10.]] [[1991]] || align="right" | 2.775.250
|-	
| [[21. 10.]] [[2001]] || align="right" | 2.546.804
|-	
| [[31. 12.]] [[2011]] || align="right" | 2.617.175 
|}
|}
{{wide image|View from Stpeters bottomcropped.jpg|1115px|Mandhari ya Roma kutoka [[kuba]] ya [[Basilika la Mt. Petro]]}}
== Uchumi ==
Roma ndiyo [[kitovu]] kimojawapo cha sekta ya [[viwanda]] na sekta ya [[huduma]] ya Italia. [[Utalii]] ni pia muhimu sana kiuchumi, kutokana na watalii 26,100,000 wanaoutembelea kila mwaka: 6.5[[%]] za [[Jumla ya Pato la Taifa]] zinapatikana ndani ya Roma ambazo ni kushinda miji mingine yote ya Italia. 

Roma ina [[makao makuu]] ya [[F.A.O.]] (Food and Agriculture Organisation - Shirika la Chakula na Kilimo) ya [[Umoja wa Mataifa]] pamoja na [[ofisi]] zote za [[serikali]] ya Italia. 

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons|Roma}}
* {{wikivoyage|Rome}} {{en}}
* [http://www.info-roma.it Info-Roma] {{Wayback|url=http://www.info-roma.it/ |date=20180323035824 }} - ''Info-Rome'' ni tovuti kuhusu mambo ya kitalii katika mji wa Roma, hasa matukio ya aina mbalimbali, hoteli, maonyesho, nyumba za kumbukumbu na vyakula.
* {{en}} [http://www.traveling-italy.com/rome.html some quick facts about Rome] {{Wayback|url=http://www.traveling-italy.com/rome.html |date=20051115053609 }}
* {{en}} [http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov:81/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=15316 Satellite image of Rome] {{Wayback|url=http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov:81/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=15316 |date=20031028234642 }} at [[NASA]]'s [[Earth Observatory]]
* [http://www.roma-online.com Rome Travel Guide] Guide about Rome with touristic informations
* [http://www.freereservation.com/indexphoto.htm Rome map] {{Wayback|url=http://www.freereservation.com/indexphoto.htm |date=20060614080311 }} '''360° IPIX PANORAMA'''
{{mbegu-jio-Italia}}
[[Jamii:Roma]]
[[Jamii:Lazio]]
[[Jamii:Miji Mikuu Ulaya]]
[[Jamii:Miji ya Italia]]
[[Jamii:Miji ya Biblia]]
[[Jamii:Miji ya pwani ya Mediteranea]]
[[Jamii:Miji ya Olimpiki]]
[[Jamii:Urithi wa Dunia]]
[[Jamii:Mtume Petro]]
[[Jamii:Mtume Paulo]]
[[Jamii:Kanisa Katoliki]]