Tazama chanzo cha Mdudu-gamba

{{Uainishaji
| rangi = pink
| jina = Mdudu-gamba
| picha = Coccus viridis.jpg
| upana_wa_picha = 250px
| maelezo_ya_picha = Mdudu-gamba mwororo kijani (''Coccus viridis'')
| himaya = [[Animalia]] <small>(Wanyama)</small>
| faila = [[Arthropoda]] <small>(Wanyama wenye mwili wa pingili na miguu ya kuunga wasio na ugwe wa mgongo kama wadudu, nge, buibui)</small>
| nusufaila = [[Hexapoda]] <small>(Arithropodi wenye miguu sita)</small>
| ngeli = [[Insecta]] <small>(Wadudu)</small>
| bingwa_wa_ngeli = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| ngeli_bila_tabaka = [[Dicondylia]] <small>(Wadudu walio na mandibula zenye [[w:Condyle (anatomy)|condyle]] mbili)</small>
| nusungeli = [[Pterygota]] <small>(Wadudu wenye mabawa)</small>
| bingwa_wa_nusungeli = [[Lang]], 1888
| oda_ya_juu = [[Paraneoptera]]
| oda = [[Hemiptera]]
| bingwa_wa_oda = [[Ernst Haeckel|Haeckel]], 1896
| nusuoda = [[Sternorrhyncha]]
| familia_ya_juu = [[Mdudu-gamba|Coccoidea]]
| bingwa_wa_familia_ya_juu = [[Anton Handlirsch|Handlirsch]], 1903
| subdivision = '''Familia 39:'''
* [[Aclerdidae]] <small>[[Gordon Floyd Ferris|Ferris]], 1937</small>
* [[Asterolecaniidae]] <small>[[Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell|Cockerell]], 1896</small>
* [[Beesoniidae]] <small>Ferris, 1950</small>
* [[Calycicoccidae]] <small>[[Charles Kimberlin Brain|Brain]], 1918</small>
* [[Carayonemidae]] <small>[[C. Richard|Richard]], 1986</small>
* [[Cerococcidae]] <small>[[Alfred Serge Balachowsky|Balachowsky]], 1942</small>
* [[Cissococcidae]] <small>Brain, 1918</small>
* [[Coccidae]] <small>[[Carl Fredrik Fallén|Fallén]], 1814</small>
* [[Coelostomidiidae]] <small>[[Morrison]], 1928</small>
* [[Conchaspididae]] <small>[[Edward Ernest Green|Green]], 1896</small>
* [[Dactylopiidae]] <small>[[Victor Antoine Signoret|Signoret]], 1875</small>
* [[Diaspididae]] <small>[[Adolfo Targioni Tozzetti|Targioni-Tozzetti]], 1868</small>
* [[Eriococcidae]] <small>Cockerell, 1899</small>
* [[Halimococcidae]] <small>Brown & McKenzie, 1962</small>
* [[Kermesidae]] <small>Signoret, 1875</small>
* [[Kerriidae]] <small>Lindinger, 1937</small>
* [[Kuwaniidae]] <small>[[Alexander Dyer MacGillivray|MacGillivray]], 1921</small>
* [[Lecanodiaspididae]] <small>Targioni-Tozzetti, 1869</small>
* [[Lithuanicoccidae]] <small>[[Jan Koteja|Koteja]], 2008</small>
* [[Macrodrilidae]] <small>[[George Orlo Poinar, Jr.|Poinar]], 2020</small>
* [[Marchalinidae]] <small>Morrison, 1927</small>
* [[Margarodidae]] <small>Cockerell, 1899</small>
* [[Matsucoccidae]] <small>Morrison, 1927</small
* [[Micrococcidae]] <small>[[Filippo Silvestri|Silvestri]], 1939</small>
* [[Monophlebidae]] <small>[[William Miles Maskell|Maskell]], 1880</small>
* [[Ortheziidae]] <small>[[Charles Jean-Baptiste Amyot|Amyot]] & [[Jean Guillaume Audinet-Serville|Audinet-Serville]], 1843</small>
* [[Pennygullaniidae]] <small>Koteja & [[Dany Azar|Azar]], 2008</small>
* [[Phenacoleachiidae]] <small>Cockerell, 1902</small>
* [[Phoenicococcidae]] <small>Stickney, 1934</small>
* [[Pityococcidae]] <small>McKenzie, 1942</small>
* [[Pseudococcidae]] <small>Cockerell, 1905</small>
* [[Putoidae]] <small>Tang, 1992</small>
* [[Rhizoecidae]] <small>Williams, 1969</small>
* [[Steingeliidae]] <small>Morrison, 1927</small>
* [[Stictococcidae]] <small>Lindinger, 1913</small>
* [[Stigmacoccidae]] <small>Morrison, 1927</small>
* [[Tachardiidae]] <small>Green, 1896</small>
* [[Termitococcidae]] <small>Jakubski, 1965</small>
* [[Xylococcidae]] <small>[[Theodore Pergande|Pergande]], 1898</small>
}}
'''Wadudu-gamba''' au '''wadudu magamba''' ni [[wadudu]] wadogo wa [[familia ya juu]] [[Coccoidea]] katika [[oda]] [[Hemiptera]] ya [[nusungeli]] [[Pterygota]] (wenye [[bawa|mabawa]]).  [[Spishi]] nyingi ni sumbufu, hususa kama wadudu wakiwa tele juu ya [[mmea|mimea]], kwa sababu wanafyonza utomvu, kama [[kidukari|vidukari]] na [[nzi mweupe|nzi weupe]]. Lakini hawasambazi [[virusi]] kwa sababu hawaendi kutoka mmea mmoja kuelekea mmea mwingine, kama nzi weupe. Hata shida ya [[kuvu]] inayokua kwa [[mana (mchozo)|mana]] siyo kubwa kuliko shida za vidukari na nzi weupe. Spishi kadhaa hutumika kwa [[udhibiti wa kibiolojia]] ili kuua mimea misumbufu, hususa mimea iliyowasili (au kuwasilishwa) kutoka bara jingine. Wadudu-gamba wenyewe huuawa na wadudu wengine, kama [[Mdudu-kibibi|wadudu-kibibi]], [[Mdudu Mabawa-vena|wadudu mabawa-vena]], [[Nyigu wa Kidusia|nyigu wa kidusia]] n.k. Pia kuna [[Kuvu Kiuawadudu|kuvu viuawadudu]] ([[w:Entomopathogenic fungus|entomopathogenic fungi]]) inayoambukiza wadudu hawa, kama ''[[Beauveria|Beauveria bassiana]]'', ''[[Lecanicillium lecanii]]'' na ''[[Aschersonia marginata]]''.

Wadudu-gamba ni wadogo. Kwa kawaida kiwiliwili chao kina urefu wa mm 1-5, lakini spishi za familia kadhaa ni kubwa zaidi, hata mpaka mm 35. Majike huchoza kifuniko cha [[nta]] ambacho kinaweza kikubwa kuliko mdudu mwenyewe. Kifuniko hiki kinafanana mara nyingi na gamba la [[samaki]] au [[reptilia]] (asili ya jina lao), lakini nta inaweza kutoka kama nyuzi nyeupe nyembamba, kama kwa [[Pseudococcidae]] ([[Kidukari-sufu|vidukari-sufu]]). Majike hawana [[bawa|mabawa]] na wale wa spishi nyingi hawana [[mguu|miguu]]. Kinyume na hawa madume ya spishi zote wana miguu, na pengine mabawa pia, kwa sababu wanaihitaji ili kutafuta majike. Kwa kweli majike huhifadhi umbo wa [[lava]] ambayo huitwa [[neotenia]] ([[w:Neoteny|neoteny]]). Kama madume wakiwa na mabawa yale ya nyuma yamepungua, mara nyingi mpaka alama tu.

Wakitoka [[yai|mayai]] lava wana miguu. Wanatembea kidogo ili kufika mahali pazuri pa kufyonza. Kwa spishi kadhaa upepo hubeba lava kuelekea mmea mwingine. Mara nyingi [[sisimizi]] wanawapeleka lava kwenye mahali pazuri, k.m. chipukizi kipya. Katika spishi nyingi mara ya kwanza ambapo lava anaambua anapoteza miguu, isipokuwa madume.

==Spishi zilizochaguliwa==
* ''Aonidiella aurantii'', [[Mdudu-gamba Mwekundu]] ([[w:Aonidiella aurantii|Red scale]])
* ''Aulacaspis tubercularis'', [[Mdudu-gamba wa Mwembe]] ([[w:Aulacaspis|Mango scale]])
* ''Ceroplastes rusci'', [[Mdudu-gamba Nta-pinki]] ([[w:Ceroplastes rusci|Fig wax scale]])
* ''Coccus hesperidum'', [[Mdudu-gamba Mwororo Kahawia]] ([[w:Coccus hesperidum|Soft brown scale]])
* ''Coccus viridis'', [[Mdudu-gamba Mwororo Kijani]] ([[w:Coccus viridis|Sort green scale]])
* ''Icerya purchasi'', [[Mdudu-gamba Takia-pamba]] ([[w:Icerya purchasi|Cottony cushion scale]])
* ''Lepidosaphes beckii'', [[Mdudu-gamba Mzambarau]] ([[w:Lepidosaphes beckii|Purple scale]])
* ''Saissetia coffeae'', [[Mdudu-gamba wa Mbuni]] ([[w:Saissetia coffeae|Hemispherical scale]])

==Picha==
<gallery>
Coccus hesperidum01.jpg|Coccidae (Mdudu-gamba mwororo kahawia)
Dactylopius coccus (Barlovento) 04 ies.jpg|Dactylopiidae (Mdudu-gamba wa dungusi)
Lepidosaphes beckii (purple scale).jpg|Diaspididae (Mdudu-gamba mzambarau)
Eriococus coriaceus with ants.jpg|Eriococcidae (''Eriococcus coriaceus'' pamoja na sisimizi)
Thysanococcus pandani.jpg|Halimococcidae (Mdudu-gamba wa mkadi)
Kermes echinatus Balachowsky mature reproductive females - ZooKeys-246-011-g002.jpeg|Kermesidae (''Kermes echinatus'')
Kerria-lacca.jpg|Kerriidae (''Kerria lacca'')
Lecanodiaspis prosopidis.jpg|Lecanodiaspididae (''Lecanodiaspis prosopidis'')
Porphyrophora hamelii, female.jpg|Margarodidae (''Porphyrophora hamelii'')
Icerya purchasi feeding on Citrus.jpg|Monophlebidae (Mdudu-gamba takia-pamba pamoja na lava wa hatua ya kwanza)
Orthezia urticae 01.JPG|Ortheziidae (''Orthezia urticae'')
Planococcus citri.jpg|Pseudococcidae (Kidukari-sufu wa mchungwa: majike na dume)
</gallery>

[[Jamii:Vidukari na jamaa]]