Wasimba

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Wasimba (watu ambao kwa sasa wanajitambulisha kama Basimba [1] [2] au BaShimba [3] kwa wengi na Musimba [4] au MuShimba kwa umoja) ni jamii inayozungumza Kibantu nchini Uganda. Kabla ya karne ya 13 waliendelea kushirikiana utambulisho kama Basimba, pia hufafanuliwa kwa Kiswahili kama "simba mkubwa," [5][6] [7] inayohusishwa na hawa watu au mahali walipotoka.

Jina Basimba au BaShimba (pia inajulikana kama Simba mkubwa) [8] [9] lilitumiwa kwa kikundi kizima na watu wa Ovambo wa mapema [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] kama jina la utani la chui totem watu wa ukoo pia hujulikana kama bena Ngo nchini Zambia [15][16] [17][18] [19] na kwa Uganda kama abe Ngo. [20]

Mwanzilishi wa Buganda, Kato Kintu[21] [22]katika karne ya 14 alikuwa Kabaka wa kwanza wa Ufalme wa Buganda baba wa Chwa I wa Buganda katika uhamiaji wake[23] kwenda Buganda (wakati huo alijulikana kama Muwaawa) alikwenda na koo kumi na tatu zinazojulikana kama (Abalangeye) chini ya nasaba ya Kintu,[24] [25]na kati ya hizi kumi na tatu kulikuwa na  Ukoo wa Basimba Chui  (Ngo) Ukoo.[26] [27] [28]Mfalme Kateregga wa Buganda, [29]

kati ya 1674-1680 C. katika Wilaya ya Butambala ya sasa, aliwatesa watu wa Ukoo wa Chui (Ngo) na kuwauwa washiriki wake mia nne na kusababisha wengine kuficha kitambulisho chao cha Kitamaduni. Kwa kuzingatia jukumu la kwanza la Chui (Ngo) katika ukoo wa Kilima cha Kintu, watu hawa walitarajia kwamba katika tukio hilo waligunduliwa kuwa na uhusiano mfupi na Ukoo wa Chui (Ngo) wangekuwa na athari kubwa na hiyo hiyo ilitokea wakati wa Kabaka Jjunju wa Buganda

Viungo vya kifalme[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Bashimba (Simba Mkubwa) wa Ukoo wa chui ni Ukoo tawala [30][31][32] [33] kati ya koo za kifalme [34] ambazo zilihama kutoka Ufalme wa Luba kwenda Bonde la Luapula Kaskazini Rhodesia.

Ukoo wa chui (Ngo) totem ni kikundi cha kifalme kati ya watu wa Basimba(Simba mkubwa) [35] ambao waliteswa sana huko Buganda kwa sababu ya viungo vyake vya kifalme.[36] [37][38][39] Kati ya matawi mengi ya Ukoo wa Chui, moja yake ilistahili kiti cha enzi. Kutawala wafalme wa Buganda kila wakati kuliteka kundi hili na kuwafanya wanaume wake wengi kupunguza hatari ya kupinduliwa. Clans hutoa hisia ya kitambulisho cha pamoja na asili ya washiriki.

Baada ya kifo cha Kabaka Nakibinge cha Buganda,[40] mkewe Nanno wa Chui (Ngo) Ukoo kati ya 1554 na 1556 BK, aliongozwa kama Kabaka kwa miezi kumi na nane na jina Nabulya ambalo linamaanisha 'Nilikula' nikisisitiza kwamba mara moja nilichukua nguvu za kifalme ilianzishwa katika Chui (Ngo) Ukoo wa kukumbusha ukoo mwingine huko Buganda kwamba mwanamke kutoka Ukoo wa chui alizidi   kuwa na nguvu katika Ufalme wa Buganda.

Uhamiaji na makazi[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Ijapokuwa historia kidogo imekuwa ikijulikana juu ya watu wa Basimba  (Simba Mkubwa), zaidi inahitaji kusemwa kwa sababu ya uhusiano wao wa karibu sana wa kihistoria na BaShimba [41] ambao wote ni wa Ukoo wa Chui (Ngo). Watu wengi wa Basimba wanadai asili yao iko katika Kongo, kati ya watu wa Luba wa Ufalme wa Luba. Haijulikani sana juu ya wahamiaji hawa, lakini athari za historia yao zinapatikana katika hadithi ya baba wa Tabwa [42].

Kyomba babu wa Tabwa, mtu  alikuwepo na aliishi katika mwambao wa Mashariki wa Ziwa Tanganyika. Kukabiliwa na shinikizo za Hamitic huko Kaskazini na watu kutoka Kusini kwenda Kusini, Kyomba na wenzake walivuka Ziwa Tanganyika kwa kuhamia ufukweni mwa Ziwa Magharibi. Halafu Kyomba na wenzake walihamia baada ya njama hiyo kuvalia na kumgonga kuelekea Magharibi na kufikia mwambao wa Ziwa Kivu.

Nchi ya asili[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Nchi ya asili ya Basimba [43] au BaShimba [44] watu au asili yao imegubikwa na hadithi na hadithi. Wakati wanaonekana wamepoteza mawasiliano na mababu zao wa asili nchini Kongo kati ya watu wa Luba, na kusababisha kundi la watu wa Basimba (Simba Mkubwa) wanahamia kaskazini kutoka Mweru - Luapula hadi Mkoa wa Mwanza mwishowe wakasimamisha makazi ya watu kati ya Wahaya nchini Tanzania, wakati huo katika Wilaya ya Butambala katika mkoa wa kati wa Uganda, Buddu [45] katika Wilaya ya Masaka, Ntakaiwolu huko Busoga, Mpogo katika Wilaya ya Sironko, Wilaya ya Butaleja na huko Lupada, Naboa, [46] Wilaya ya Budaka, kati ya watu wa Gwere, katika sehemu za mashariki. ya Uganda. Watu wengine wa Bashimba walikaa Rhodesia Kaskazini (Zambia) ambayo ilikuwa sehemu ya Zimbabwe.

Utamaduni[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Basimba hufanya mazoezi ya utamaduni wa kufanya ibada na sherehe za roho ya Chishimba sawa na [47] [48] Loa au koong loa utamaduni uliofanywa na watu wa Basimba wa Haiti ambao waliuzwa katika utumwa nchini Haiti kutoka Kongo.

Watu wa Basimba (Simba kubwa) nchini Uganda wanadumisha jiwe la Kiroho la Basimba, jiwe hili linawakilisha roho ya Chishimba na inahusiana na taasisi ya ufalme. Kutokuwepo kwake ni pamoja na kukosekana kwa nguvu ya kisiasa. Kulingana na dini za jadi za Kiafrika, roho ya Chishimba ni sawa na ufalme na sawa na ibada ya Kintu inayofanywa na chui (Ngo) watu wa ukoo huko Buganda. Chishimba huhifadhiwa kwenye kikapu kilichoandaliwa maalum kinachoitwa ichipe ca ca calo.

Imani[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Siku hizi, kati ya 40% hadi 50% ya watu wa Basimba ni Wakristo [49] [50] [51] [52] na 50% ni Waislamu. [53]Mbali na hayo, imani za jadi zimeenea sana kati yao. Vipengele muhimu zaidi ni kuabudu mababu (neno hili linaitwa lisilofaa na waandishi wengine) na totemism.

Basimba wa Kisangani ambaye aliuawa Dokta Paul Carison wa Kanisa la Christ wakati wa Mgogoro wa Kongo wa 1964 hadi 1965 walishiriki katika Uasi wa Simba ambao ulishindwa baadaye. [54].

Marejeo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

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