Tazama chanzo cha Mzingo aktiki

[[Picha:ARCTIC CIRCLE 021106.jpg|300px|thumb|Mstari wa mzingo aktiki kwenye ramani ya Dunia.]]
[[Picha:Arctic circle.svg|300px|thumb|Mzingo aktiki kwenye ramani ya Aktiki.]]
'''Mzingo aktiki''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''Arctic circle'') ni [[mstari]] wa kudhaniwa kwenye uso wa [[Dunia]] kwa [[latitudo]] ya 66° 33' 49 hivi<ref>[http://www.neoprogrammics.com/obliquity_of_the_ecliptic/  Obliquity of the Ecliptic, Nutation in Obliquity and Latitudes of the Arctic/Antarctic Circles], tovuti ya NeoProgrammics PHP Science Labs, Basic Astronomy and Science-Related Tools, iliangaliwa  Septemba 2019</ref>. [[Umbali]] wake na [[ncha ya kaskazini]] ni takriban [[kilomita]] 2,600.

Kinyume chake ni [[mzingo antaktiki]] upande wa kaskazini ya Dunia.

==Ufafanuzi wa mzingo aktiki==
Mzingo aktiki unafafanuliwa na latitudo ambako [[Jua]] linaanza kuonekana kwa saa 24 mfululizo kwenye [[solistasi]] ya [[Juni]], mnamo tarehe 21 au 22. Latitudo yake unabadilika kidogo mara kwa mara pamoja na kucheza kwa [[mhimili]] wa mzunguko wa Dunia. 

==Maana ya mzingo aktiki==
Maana kwenye siku ya solistasi ya [[Juni]] (mnamo [[21 Juni]]), Jua halitui tena chini ya upeo wa [[macho]] ndani ya mzingo aktiki hata [[saa]] za [[usiku wa manane]]. Kadiri latitudo inavyopungua, yaani tukielekea zaidi kwenda [[kaskazini]] na kukaribia ncha, kipindi cha [[mchana]] kinarefuka hadi kufikia [[nusu]] mwaka nchani kabisa. 

Kinyume chake, ndani ya mzingo aktiki kwenye siku ya solistasi ya [[Desemba]] (mnamo [[21 Desemba]]), Jua halichomozi tena juu ya upeo. Hii haimaanishi [[giza]] kabisa wakati wa mchana lakini hakuna zaidi ila [[nuru]] ya [[mapambazuko]] saa 6 mchana. Kadiri tunavyokaribia ncha yaani kufika kaskazini, kipindi cha [[usiku]] na giza kabisa hurefuka hadi kufikia nusu mwaka nchani kabisa.

==Jiografia==
Mzingo aktiki una [[urefu]] wa kilomita 16,000 hivi. <ref>{{cite book |last1 = Nuttall |first1 = Mark |title = Encyclopedia of the Arctic Volumes 1, 2 and 3 |date = 2004 |publisher = Routledge |isbn = 978-1579584368 |page = 115 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Swr9BTI_2FEC&pg=PA115&lpg=PA115 |accessdate = 26 July 2016 }}</ref> Maeneo ndani yake ni takribani kilomita za mraba 20,000,000 ambayo sawa na asilimia 4 za uso wa Dunia. <ref>{{cite book |first1 = William M. |last1 = Marsh |first2 = Martin M. |last2 = Kaufman |title = Physical Geography: Great Systems and Global Environments |url = https://books.google.com/?id=uF3aJSC20yMC&pg=PA24 |year = 2012 |publisher = Cambridge University Press |isbn = 978-0-521-76428-5 |page = 24 }}</ref>

Mzingo Aktiki hupita kwenye sehemu zifuatazo: [[Bahari Aktiki]], [[Rasi ya Skandinavia]], [[Asia ya Kaskazini]] ([[Siberia]]), [[Amerika Kaskazini]], na [[Greenland]]. Nchi nane huwa na maeneo ndani ya mzingo aktiki: [[Norwei]], [[Uswidi]], [[Ufini]], [[Urusi]], [[Marekani]] ([[Alaska]]), [[Kanada]] ([[Yukon]], [[Northwest Territories]], na [[Nunavut]]), [[Denmark]] (Greenland), na [[Iceland]] ([[kisiwa]] cha [[Grímsey]]).

===Tabianchi===
[[Tabianchi]] ndani ya mzingo aktiki kwa jumla ni [[baridi]]. Lakini [[pwani]] za Norwei si baridi sana kwa sababu zinapitiwa na [[maji]] ya [[Mkondo wa Ghuba]] unaopeleka [[maji]] ya vuguvugu kutoka [[ikweta]] hadi Norwei  na Urusi kaskazini-magharibi ambako hayaruhusu maji ya bahari kuwa [[barafu]] wakati wa baridi kali.
Hata ndani ya mzingo aktiki inawezekana kuwa na vipindi vya [[joto]] kabisa kwa muda mfupi; mfano mjini [[Norilsk]] (Krasnoyarsk Krai, Urusi) [[halijoto]] inaweza kupita [[sentigredi]] 30 kwenye [[Mwezi (wakati)|mwezi]] wa [[Julai]], lakini wakati wa [[Januari]] inaweza kushuka hadi sentigredi -50 (chini ya [[sifuri]]).

===Wakazi===
Kutokana na ukali wa tabianchi hakuna [[watu]] wengi wanaoishi ndani ya mzingo aktiki, kote duniani hawazidi [[milioni]] 4 kwa jumla. Kuna wakazi asilia waliowahi kuishi huko kwa miaka elfu kadhaa, kama vile [[Waeskimo]] au [[Waindio]] wa kaskazini. Siku hizi hao ni takriban [[asilimia]] 10 ya watu wote wanaoishi upande wa kaskazini wa mzingo aktiki<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.athropolis.com/arctic-facts/fact-arctic-pop.htm |title = Arctic Population |website = www.athropolis.com }}</ref> Takriban miaka 20,000 hadi 30,000 iliyopita makundi ya watu walihama kutoka [[Siberia]] wakivuka [[mlangobahari wa Bering]] na kuingia [[Amerika Kaskazini]].

[[Miji]] mikubwa ndani ya mzingo aktiki iko katika Urusi, Norwei na Uswidi: [[Murmansk]] (wakazi 295,374), [[Norilsk]] (178,018), [[Tromsø]] (75,638), [[Vorkuta]] (58,133), na [[Kiruna]] (16,936). 

Kwa upande  wa [[Amerika]] hakuna miji mkubwa: [[Sisimiut]] ([[Greenland]]), ina wakazi wapatao 5,000 na [[Utqiagvik, Alaska]] ina wakazi 4,000.

===Sehemu kwenye Mzingo Aktiki ===
Kuanzia [[meridiani ya sifuri]] na kuelekea [[mashariki]], mzingo aktiki unapita hapa:
{| cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
|- valign=top
|
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
! scope="col" style="width:125px;"| Majiranukta
! scope="col" | Nchi, mkoa au bahari
! scope="col" | Maelezo
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{nowrap|{{Coord|66|34|N|0|0|E|type:waterbody_scale:10000000|name=Prime Meridian}}&nbsp;}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Atlantiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari ya Norwei]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|12|3|E|type:country_region:NO|name=Nordland, Norwei}}
! scope="row" | {{NOR}}
| Visiwa vya [[Træna]], [[Nordland|Nordland]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|12|18|E|type:landmark|name=Bahari ya Norwei}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Atlantiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Trænfjorden]], [[Bahari ya Norwei]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|12|29|E|type:country_region:NO|name=Nordland, Norwei}}
! scope="row" | {{NOR}}
| Visiwa vya [[Lurøy|Nesøya]], [[Nordland|Nordland]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|12|41|E|type:landmark|name=Bahari ya Norwei}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Atlantiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Nesøyfjorden]], [[Bahari ya Norwei]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|12|49|E|type:country_region:NO|name=Nordland, Norwei}}
! scope="row" | {{NOR}}
| Visiwa vya [[Rødøy|Storseløya]], [[Nordland|Nordland]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|12|52|E|type:landmark|name=Bahari ya Norwei}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Atlantiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Kvarøyfjorden]], [[Bahari ya Norwei]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|12|57|E|type:country_region:NO|name=Nordland, Norwei}}
! scope="row" | {{NOR}}
| Visiwa vya [[Rødøy|Rangsundøya]], [[Nordland|Nordland]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|13|3|E|type:landmark|name=Bahari ya Norwei}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Atlantiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Værangfjorden]], [[Bahari ya Norwei]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|13|12|E|type:country_region:NO|name=Nordland, Norwei}}
! scope="row" | {{NOR}}
| [[Nordland|Nordland]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|15|33|E|type:country_region:SE|name=Norrbottens län, Uswidi}}
! scope="row" | {{SWE}}
| [[Norrbottens län]] (Mikoa ya [[Lapland (Uswidi)]]na [[Norrbotten]])
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|23|51|E|type:country_region:FI|name=Lapland, Ufini}}
! scope="row" | {{FIN}}
| [[Lapland (Ufini)|Lapland]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|29|28|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Karelia, Urusi}}
! scope="row" rowspan="4" | {{RUS}}
| [[Karelia]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|31|36|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Murmansk, Urusi}}
| [[Murmansk Oblast]]
|-	
| {{Coord|66|34|N|32|37|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Karelia, Urusi}}
| [[Karelia]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|33|10|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Murmansk, Urusi}}
|[[Murmansk Oblast]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|33|25|E|type:waterbody_scale:10000000_region:RU|name=Kandalaksha Gulf, Bahari Nyeupe}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari Aktiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Kandalaksha Gulf]], [[Bahari Nyeupe]], [[Bahari ya Barents]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|34|28|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Murmansk Oblast, Urusi}}
! scope="row" | {{RUS}}
| [[Rasi ya Kola]], [[Murmansk Oblast]] — for about {{convert|7|km|abbr=on}}
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|34|38|E|type:waterbody_scale:10000000_region:RU|name=Kandalaksha Gulf, Bahari Nyeupe}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari Aktiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Kandalaksha Gulf]], [[Bahari Nyeupe]], [[Bahari ya Barents]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|35|0|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Murmansk Oblast, Rasi ya Kola, Urusi}}
! scope="row" | {{RUS}}
| [[Rasi ya Kola]], [[Murmansk Oblast]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|40|42|E|type:waterbody_scale:10000000_region:RU|name=Bahari Nyeupe}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari Aktiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari Nyeupe]], [[Bahari ya Barents]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|44|23|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Urusi}}
! scope="row" rowspan="3"| {{RUS}}
| [[Nenets Autonomous Okrug]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|50|51|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Komi Republic, Urusi}}
| [[Komi Republic]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|63|48|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Urusi}}
| [[Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|71|5|E|type:waterbody_scale:10000000_region:RU|name=Ghuba ya Ob}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari Aktiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Ghuba ya Ob]], [[Bahari ya Kara]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|72|27|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Urusi}}
! scope="row" rowspan="4" | {{RUS}}
| [[Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|83|3|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Krasnoyarsk Krai, Urusi}}
| [[Krasnoyarsk Krai]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|106|18|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Sakha Republic, Urusi}}
| [[Sakha Republic]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|158|38|E|type:country_region:RU|name=Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Urusi}}
| [[Chukotka Autonomous Okrug]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|171|1|W|type:waterbody_scale:10000000_region:RU|name=Bahari ya Chukchi, Bahari Aktiki}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari Aktiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari ya Chukchi]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|164|38|W|type:country_region:US-AK|name=Seward Peninsula, Alaska, Marekani}}
! scope="row" | {{USA}}
| [[Seward Peninsula]], [[Alaska]] 
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|163|44|W|type:waterbody_scale:10000000|name=Kotzebue Sound, Bahari Aktiki}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari Aktiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Kotzebue Sound]], [[Bahari ya Chukchi]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|161|56|W|type:country_region:US-AK|name=Alaska, Marekani}}
! scope="row" | {{USA}}
| [[Alaska]]—ukipita katika[[Selawik Lake]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|141|0|W|type:country_region:CA|name=Yukon, Kanada}}
! scope="row" rowspan="3" | {{CAN}}
| [[Yukon]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|133|36|W|type:country_region:CA-NT|name=Northwest Territories, Kanada}}
| [[Northwest Territories]], ukipita katika[[Great Bear Lake]]
|- 
| {{Coord|66|34|N|115|56|W|type:country_region:CA-NU|name=Nunavut, Kanada}}
| [[Nunavut]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|82|59|W|type:waterbody_scale:10000000_region:CA-NU|name=Foxe Basin, Hudson Bay}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari Aktiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Foxe Basin]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|73|25|W|type:country_region:CA-NU|name=Baffin Island, Nunavut, Kanada}}
! scope="row" | {{CAN}}
| [[Nunavut]] ([[Baffin Island]]), ukipita katika[[Nettilling Lake]] na [[Auyuittuq National Park]] (sign location)
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|61|24|W|type:waterbody_scale:10000000|name=Mlangobahari wa Davis, Atlantiki}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Atlantiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Mlangobahari wa Davis]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|53|16|W|type:country_region:GL|name=Greenland}}
! scope="row" | {{GRL}} 
| ukipita katika[[Kangerlussuaq Fjord]] na [[Schweizerland]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|34|9|W|type:waterbody_scale:10000000|name=Mlangobahari wa Denmark, Atlantiki}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" rowspan="2"|  [[Atlantiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Mlangobahari wa Denmark]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|26|18|W|type:waterbody_scale:10000000|name=Greenland Sea}}
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Greenland Sea]]
|-
| {{Coord|66|34|N|18|1|W|type:country_region:IS|name=Grímsey, Iceland}}
! scope="row" | {{ISL}}
| Island of [[Grímsey]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|17|59|W|type:waterbody_scale:10000000|name=Greenland Sea, Atlantiki}}
! scope="row" style="background:#b0e0e6;" rowspan="2" | [[Atlantiki]]
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Greenland Sea]]
|-
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | {{Coord|66|34|N|12|32|W|type:waterbody_scale:10000000|name=Bahari ya Norwei}}
| style="background:#b0e0e6;" | [[Bahari ya Norwei]]
|}
|[[Image:Arctic Circle sign.jpg|thumb|A sign along the [[Dalton Highway]] marking the location of the Arctic Circle in Alaska]]
[[Image:66 33 arctic circle.jpg|thumb|Arctic Circle line in [[Rovaniemi]], [[Ufini]]]]
[[File:Northern lights at the Arctic Circle.jpg|thumb|[[Aurora|Aurora Borealis]] above Arctic Circle sign along the [[Dempster Highway]] in [[Yukon]] at {{coord|66|33|55|N|136|18|26|W|type:landmark_region:CA-YT|name=Arctic Circle sign}}]]
|}

==Picha==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="155px">
File:201006 Norwei polar-circle.JPG|A sign on [[Vikingen island]] marking the Arctic Circle in Norwei
File:Iceland2008-Grimsey.arctic.circle.JPG|The Arctic Circle on [[Grímsey]] in Iceland
File:Polarkreis inlandsbanan.jpg|Arctic Circle sign by the [[Inland Line]] railway, Uswidi
File:Полярный_круг, Россия.jpg|The Arctic Circle in the [[Karelia]], Urusi
File:Россия, ЯНАО, Полярный круг..JPG|Arctic Circle sign by the [[Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug]], Urusi
File:Круиз Якутск - Ленские столбы - Тикси - Якутск, 2017 (364).jpg|A sign in the [[Sakha Republic]] (Yakutia), Urusi
</gallery>

==Tanbihi==
<references/>

[[Jamii:Jiografia]]