Tazama chanzo cha Bernadeta Soubirous

[[Image:Bernadette Soubirous.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Picha]] halisi ya Mt. Bernadeta wa Lourdes.]]
[[File:Bernadette soubirous 1 publicdomain.jpg|thumb|Picha nyingine ya Mt. Bernadeta kabla hajaingia utawani.]]
'''"Bernadeta" (Marie-Bernarde) Soubirous''' ([[Lourdes]], [[Hautes-Pyrénées]], [[7 Januari]] [[1844]] - [[Nevers]], [[Nièvre]], [[16 Aprili]] [[1879]]) alikuwa [[mtawa]] wa [[Kanisa Katoliki]] nchini [[Ufaransa]].

[[Tarehe]] [[14 Juni]] [[1925]] [[Papa Pius XI]] alimtangaza [[mwenye heri]]<ref name=fcpeace>{{cite web | url=http://www.fcpeace.com/friends/February%252007.pdf | title=Page 12. Consecration of our encounters with God and Mary. St Bernadette: February 18th | date=February 2007 | work=Florida Center for Peace | location=Miami, Florida | accessdate=30 September 2013 | quote=On may 13, 1913, Pope Pius X signed the decree introducing the cause of Bernadette's beatification. She was beatified on June 14th, 1925. Eight years later, it was on the feast of the Immaculate Conception, December 8, 1933 she was canonized by Pope Pius XI. | archivedate=2009-01-07 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107092413/http://www.fcpeace.com/friends/February%2007.pdf }}</ref> na tarehe [[8 Desemba]] [[1933]] mwenyewe alimtangaza [[mtakatifu]] [[bikira]].<ref name=Ruggles>{{cite book | url=http://books.google.com/books?&id=FYftmvdKJmoC | title=Apparition shrines. Places of pilgrimage and prayer | first=Robin | last=Ruggles | publisher=Pauline Books & Media | location=Boston | year=1999 | id=ISBN 978-081984799-7 | isbn=0-81984799-2 | page=[http://books.google.com/books?&id=FYftmvdKJmoC&q=%22Pius+XI+beatified+Bernadette+on+June+14,+1925,+and+on+December+8,+1933,+he+canonized+her+at+St.+Peters+in+Rome%22 68]}}</ref>

[[Sikukuu]] yake imepangwa tarehe ya [[kifo]] chake<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref> au [[18 Februari]], siku ambapo [[Bikira Maria]] alimuahidia kumpatia [[heri]], ingawa si katika [[maisha]] ya [[duniani]].

==Maisha na urithi==
[[Image:Bernadette soubirous 2 publicdomain.gif|thumb|right|Mt. Bernadeta akiwa [[sista]] mwaka [[1866]].]]
Mtoto wa familia fukara sana, anajulikana hasa kwa [[njozi]] za Bikira Maria alizojaliwa kwenye [[pango]] la [[Massabielle]] kati ya tarehe [[11 Februari]] na [[16 Julai]] [[1858]], akiwa na umri wa miaka 14. Hatimaye Maria alijitambulisha kama [[Kukingiwa Dhambi ya Asili]], sifa yake iliyotangazwa na [[Papa Pius IX]] kuwa [[dogma]] ya [[imani]] Katoliki miaka 4 ya nyuma.<ref name=Phyllis816 >''Holy people of the world: a cross-cultural encyclopedia'', Volume 3 by Phyllis G. Jestice 2004 ISBN 1-57607-355-6 page 816</ref>

Ingawa viongozi wa [[Kanisa]] walikuwa na shaka kwanza, utafiti uliwafanya wakubali ukweli wa tukio hata inaanzishwa adhimisho la [[Bikira Maria wa Lourdes]] na [[patakatifu]] palipojengwa mahali pake pamekuwa mahali pa [[hija]] panapofikiwa na watu zaidi ya milioni 5 kwa mwaka.<ref>''Every pilgrim's guide to Lourdes'' by Sally Martin 2005 ISBN 1-85311-627-0 page vii</ref>

Baada ya kujiunga na [[Mtawa|utawa]] na kustahimili kwa [[unyenyekevu]] matatizo mengi upande wa [[mwili]] ([[kipindupindu]], [[pumu]] kali, [[kifua kikuu]] n.k.) na wa [[nafsi]] ([[dhuluma]] kutoka kwa watu wasioamini njozi zake au waliomuonea [[kijicho]] kwa hizo), alifariki akiwa na [[umri]] wa miaka 35 tu.

==Tazama pia==
*[[Watakatifu wa Agano la Kale]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wakristo]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu wa Afrika]]
*[[Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko]]

== Marejeo ==
* {{cite book|last=Taylor|first=Thérèse|title=Bernadette of Lourdes|url=https://archive.org/details/bernadetteoflour0000tayl|year=2003|publisher=Burns and Oates|isbn=0-86012-337-5}}
* Sadler, Anna T. ''The Wonders of Lourdes'', (1875)
* Clarke, SJ, Richard. ''Lourdes: Its Inhabitants, Its Pilgrims, and Its Miracles'', (1888)
* Keyes, Frances Parkinson. ''Bernadette of Lourdes'' (1955)
* Laurentin, Rene. ''Visage de Bernadette'', Lourdes (1978), (French)
* Bernadette of Lourdes, St. Gildard, Nevers, France, (1926)
* Annales de Notre Dame de Lourdes (Missionaries of the Immaculate Conception), Lourdes 1871 (French)
* The Wonders of Massabielle at Lourdes (Rev. S. Pruvost), 1925
* Notre Dame de Lourdes (Henri Lasserre), Paris 1870 (French)
* Bernadette (Henri Lasserre), Paris 1879 (year of Bernadette's death), (French)
* Our Lady of Lourdes (Henri Lasserre), June 1906 (English)
* [http://www.edwardtbabinski.us/essays/miracle_lourdes.html The Miracle Joint at Lourdes] From "Essays " by Woolsey Teller, Copyright 1945 by The Truth Seeker Company, Inc. Critique of the Lourdes story.
* Our Lady of Lourdes (Henri Lasserre), 1875 (English)
* La Sainte Vierge a Lourdes, 1877 (French)
* Das Lied von Bernadette (Franz Werfel), 1953 (German)
* The Happening at Lourdes (Alan Neame), 1967
* Lourdes (Ruth Harris), 1999
* After Bernadette (Don Sharkey), 1945
* And I Shall Be Healed (Edeltraud Fulda), 1960
* Saint Bernadette (Margaret Trouncer), 1964
* A Queen's Command (Anna Kuhn), 1947
* Bernadette ([[Marcelle Auclair]]), 1958
* A Holy Life: St. Bernadette of Lourdes (Patricia McEachern), 2005
* The Story of Bernadette (Rev. J. Lane), 1997
* The Wonder of Lourdes (John Oxenham), 1926
* Lourdes (Émile Zola), 1895 (German)
* ''Bernadette Speaks: A Life of Saint Bernadette Soubirous in Her Own Words'', [[René Laurentin]], Pauline Books and Media, 2000.
* St. Bernadette (Leonard Von Matt / Francis Trochu), 1957
* Bernadette of Lourdes (J.H. Gregory), 1914 (1st U.S. book)
* Lourdes (Émile Zola), 2000 (English)
* The Miracle of Bernadette (Margaret Gray Blanton), 1958
* My Witness, Bernadette (J.B. Estrade), 1951
* ''St. Bernadette Soubirous: 1844–1879'', by Abbe Francois Trochu, TAN Books and Publishers, Inc., 1957.
* We Saw Her (B.G. Sandhurst), 1953
* Werfel, Franz. ''The Song of Bernadette'', 1942

=== Magazetini ===
* "L'Illustration Journal Universal": Story covering Bernadette and apparitions from time of apparitions (23 October 1858)
* "The London Illustrated News": The Election of Pope Pius XI (11 February 1922)
* "L'Opinion Publique": The Funeral of Pope Pius IX (14 March 1878)
* "The Illustrated London News": The Conclave & Election of the Pope (9 March 1878)
* "The Graphic": With the Lourdes Pilgrims (7 October 1876)
* "Harpers Weekly": French Pilgrims – Romish Superstitions (16 November 1872)
* "The Graphic": A Trip to the Pyrenees (12 October 1872)
* "Harpers Weekly": The Last French Miracle (20 November 1858) – Recounts actual happenings at the time of apparitions
* "St. Paul Dispatch": Throne of St. Peter Made Vacant by the Death of Pope Leo XIII, (21 July 1903)
* "St. Paul Dispatch": Cardinal Sarto (St. Pope Pius X) of Venice Called to Throne of St. Peter, (5 August 1903)
* "The Minneapolis Journal": Pope Pius X is Reported Dead; Relapse Caused by Grief Over War (19 August 1914)

=== Katika vyombo vingine ===
* In 1909 the French short movie ''Bernadette Soubirous et les Apparitions de Lourdes'', directed by Honoré Le Sablais,<ref name=lasemainedespyrenees>{{cite news|title=Cinéma: Un festival "Lourdes au cinéma"|url=http://www.lasemainedespyrenees.fr/article/08/10/2008/cinema--un-festival-lourdes-au-cinema/704|first=Christophe|last=Ruiz|journal=La Semaine des Pyrénées|date=8 October 2008|accessdate=3 July 2013|language=fr|archivedate=2014-11-29|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129045131/http://www.lasemainedespyrenees.fr/article/08/10/2008/cinema--un-festival-lourdes-au-cinema/704}}</ref><ref>{{fr icon}} See [http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Bernadette+Soubirous+et+les+Apparitions+de+Lourdes%22%22Honoré+Le+Sablais%22+film+1909+-wikipedia&num=100&safe=off&filter=0&biw=1440&bih=695 occurrences] on Google.</ref> is the first attempt to tell with the new cinematographic art the story of Bernadette, according to [[RAI 3]] documentary ''Lourdes. La storia''.<ref>{{it icon}} [http://lnx.tonyassante.com/wordpress/rai-3-lourdes-la-storia.html RAI 3 – ''Lourdes. La storia''].</ref>
* In 1929 the French film ''La vie merveilleuse de Bernadette'' directed by Georges Pallu and starring Alexandra as Bernadette.<ref name=IMDb >{{IMDb character|0064561}}.</ref>
* In 1935 the Portuguese Georges Pallu directed ''La Vierge du rocher'' ("The Virgin of the Rock") with Micheline Masson in the role of Bernadette.<ref>[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0158337/ Credits] at the Internet Movie Database.</ref>
* Bernadette's life was given a fictionalized treatment in [[Franz Werfel]]'s novel, ''[[The Song of Bernadette (novel)|The Song of Bernadette]]'', which was later adapted into a [[The Song of Bernadette (film)|1943 film of the same name]] starring [[Jennifer Jones]] as Bernadette and the uncredited [[Linda Darnell]] as the [[Immaculate Conception]]. Jones won the [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] [[Academy Award|Oscar]] for this portrayal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0036377/|title=The Song of Bernadette (1943)|author=AppleBlossom|date=1 April 1945|work=IMDb}}</ref> 
* In 1961 Daniéle Ajoret portrayed Bernadette in ''Bernadette of Lourdes'' (French title: ''[[w:fr:Il suffit d'aimer|Il suffit d'aimer]]'' or ''Love is Enough'') of Gilbert Cresbón.<ref>http://www.notrecinema.com/images/filmsi/il-suffit-d-aimer_440212_24332.jpg</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lasemainedespyrenees.fr/2008/10/08/cinema-un-festival-lourdes-au-cinema/704/|title=Cinéma : Un festival "Lourdes au cinéma"|author=Christophe Ruiz|publisher=|accessdate=2016-02-12|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080658/http://www.lasemainedespyrenees.fr/2008/10/08/cinema-un-festival-lourdes-au-cinema/704/}}</ref>
* [[Cristina Galbó]] portrayed ''Aquella joven de blanco'' (''A Little Maiden in White''), Spain, 1965, directed by [[León Klimovsky]]. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0058915/|title=Aquella joven de blanco (1965)|date=10 June 1965|work=IMDb}}</ref>
* In 1967 a French TV movie ''L'affaire Lourdes'' directed by [[Marcel Bluwal]] and starring [[w:fr:Marie-Hélène Breillat|Marie-Hélène Breillat]] as Bernadette.<ref name="name=IMDb">name=IMDb</ref>
* In 1981 [[Andrea del Boca]] portrayed Bernadette in a homonymous Argentine television mini-series directed by her father Nicolás del Boca<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.nuestrosactores.com.ar/index.php/component/content/article/25-programas/2080-los-especiales-de-atc-1981 | title=Los especiales de ATC | year=1981 | accessdate=27 August 2013 | language=es | archivedate=2020-10-23 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023023405/http://www.nuestrosactores.com.ar/index.php/component/content/article/25-programas/2080-los-especiales-de-atc-1981 }}</ref> (4 episodes of 1 hour each).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.delboca.net/tele.html | title=Forever Andrea Television | accessdate=27 August 2013 | archivedate=2017-05-17 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517172607/http://www.delboca.net/tele.html }}</ref>
* In 1987, [[Jennifer Warnes]] recorded "[[Song of Bernadette (song)|Song of Bernadette]]", co-written with [[Leonard Cohen]], for her album of Cohen compositions ''[[Famous Blue Raincoat (album)|Famous Blue Raincoat]]''. The first verse refers to the "child called Bernadette" who "saw the Queen of Heaven once". The song has been covered by other well-known artists, including [[Anne Murray]] and [[Bette Midler]].
* ''[[w:fr:Bernadette (film)|Bernadette]]'' in 1988 and ''[[w:fr:La Passion de Bernadette|La Passion de Bernadette]]'' (''The Passion of Bernadette'') in 1989 by [[Jean Delannoy]], starring [[Sydney Penny]] in the lead role.<ref name="name=IMDb"/><ref>http://i664.photobucket.com/albums/vv9/francomac123/Travail%20en%20cours/Travail%20par%20albums%202/Delannoy-1987-Bernadette/bernadette_aff_2.jpg</ref>
* In 1990 Fernando Uribe and Steven Hahn directed a short animated film, ''Bernadette: La Princesa de Lourdes'', produced by John Williams and Jorge Gonzalez,<ref>{{YouTube|ogTknfFnoyI|Full movie}}.</ref> available in English since 1991 with the title ''Bernadette – The Princess of Lourdes''.<ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/title/bernadette-the-princess-of-lourdes/oclc/33148214 VHS tape] and [http://www.dove.org/reviewpopup.asp?Unique_ID=475 DVD Release] {{Wayback|url=http://www.dove.org/reviewpopup.asp?Unique_ID=475 |date=20131029203259 }}.</ref>
* Angèle Osinsky portrayed Saint Bernadette in the Italian TV movie ''Lourdes'', 2000, by [[w:it:Lodovico Gasparini|Lodovico Gasparini]].<ref name="name=IMDb"/>
* In 2002, the musical ''Vision'' by Jonathan Smith and Dominic Hartley, depicting the life of Bernadette, debuted in Liverpool. It has been performed in the UK, France, and Nigeria.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visionthemusical.co.uk/home.html|title=Home|author=Broadcast Productions|date=7 January 2016|publisher=|accessdate=2016-02-12|archivedate=2016-03-04|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304065346/http://www.visionthemusical.co.uk/home.html}}</ref>
*In 2007 an Indian film Our Lady of Lourdes directed by V.R. Gopinath and starring Ajna Noiseux <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1403211/|title=Our Lady of Lourdes (2007)|date=25 December 2007|work=IMDb}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cfdb.owmconsulting.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Our-Lady-of-Lourdes-Christian-MovieFilm-DVD.jpg |title=Nakala iliyohifadhiwa |accessdate=2016-02-12 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003210436/http://cfdb.owmconsulting.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Our-Lady-of-Lourdes-Christian-MovieFilm-DVD.jpg |archivedate=2015-10-03 }}</ref>
* 2009 'Bernadette', an opera in three acts by Trevor Jones. First performance 2016 in Gloucestershire, England. www.pcto.webeden.co.uk 
* In 2011 a French film ''[[w:fr:Je m'appelle Bernadette|Je m'appelle Bernadette]]'' directed by [[w:fr:Jean Sagols|Jean Sagols]] and starring Katia Cuq (Katia Miran).<ref name="name=IMDb"/>
* In 2015 "Le Coup de Grâce" an original song about St. Bernadette was published and released on Youtube by American songwriter Orv Pibbs.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mNieSdjLa2s

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{Commons category|Bernadette Soubirous}}
* [http://www.catholicpilgrims.com/lourdes/ba_bernadette_intro.htm The Body of St. Bernadette]—Includes reports of her exhumation and photographs of her body and tomb.
* [http://www.catholicpilgrims.com/lourdes/bh_investigation.htm Notes on the Investigation], including facsimile of notes taken during an interview with Bernadette
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09389b.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: ''Notre-Dame de Lourdes'']
* [http://en.lourdes-france.org/deepen/bernadette-soubirous/the-apparitions Sanctuaires Notre-Dame de Lourdes] {{Wayback|url=http://en.lourdes-france.org/deepen/bernadette-soubirous/the-apparitions |date=20160213061219 }}

==Tanbihi==
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[[Category:Waliozaliwa 1844]]
[[Category:Waliofariki 1879]]
[[Category:Mabikira]]
[[Category:Watakatifu wa Ufaransa]]