Tazama chanzo cha André-Marie Ampère

{{Mtu Mashuhuri
|jina        = André-Marie Ampère
|picha       = Ampere Andre 1825.jpg
|caption     = Andre Ampere mwaka 1825
|tarehe_ya_kuzaliwa  = {{birth date|df=yes|1775|1|20}}
|mahala_pa_kuzaliwa = [[Lyon]], [[Ufaransa]]
|tarehe_ya_kufa  = {{death date and age|df=yes|1836|6|10|1775|1|20}}
|mahala_alipofia = [[Marseille]], [[Ufaransa]]
|majina_mengine = 
|anajulikana_kwa_ajili_ya  = Alitunga nadharia ya [[usumakuumeme]]
|kazi_yake  = Mwanafizikia
|utaifa = Mfaransa
}}
'''André-Marie Ampère''' ([[20 Januari]] [[1775]] – [[10 Juni]] [[1836]])<ref>{{cite book|title=Dictionary of Scientific Biography|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofscie0000unse_s3y8|year=1970|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons|location=United States of America}}</ref> alikuwa [[mtaalamu]] wa [[fizikia]] na [[hisabati]] kutoka [[Ufaransa]]. 

Ana umaarufu kama mtu aliyeweka misingi muhimu kwa [[sayansi]] ya [[usumakuumeme]]. Katika mfumo wa [[vipimo sanifu vya kimataifa]] [[kipimo]] cha [[mkondo wa umeme]] kimepewa [[jina]] lake na kwa [[Kiswahili]] kinaandikwa [[ampea]]. 

==Maisha==
Alizaliwa nchini Ufaransa wakati wa [[Zama za Mwangaza]]. [[Baba]] yake aliyekuwa [[mfanyabiashara]] [[tajiri]] hakumtuma [[shule]] bali alimpa nafasi ya kujisomea [[Nyumba|nyumbani]].

Mwaka [[1799]] alipata [[ajira]] ya kwanza kama [[mwalimu]] wa hisabati na mwaka [[1802]] aliitwa kuwa mwalimu wa fizikia na [[kemia]] mjini [[Bourg-en-Bresse]]. 

Baada ya [[kifo]] cha [[mke]] wake mwaka [[1803]] alihamia kufundisha kwenye [[chuo]] cha [[École Polytechnique]] mjini [[Paris]]. Huko alipewa nafasi ya [[profesa]] mwaka [[1809]] ingawa hakuwahi kusoma shuleni wala chuoni wala kuwa na [[digrii]] yoyote. 

Mwaka [[1820]] Ampere alijifunza kuhusu kazi ya [[Mdenmark]] [[Hans Christian Ørsted]] aliyegundua ya kwamba [[sindano]] ya [[dira]] inaathiriwa na [[mkondo wa umeme]] unaopita karibu nayo. Hapo Ampère alianza [[uchunguzi]] kwa lengo la kuelewa uhusiano baina ya [[usumaku]] na [[umeme]].

Alijumlisha matokeo yake mwaka [[1827]] katika [[kitabu]] ''Mémoire sur la théorie mathématique des phénomènes électrodynamiques uniquement déduite de l’experience'' ([[Kumbukumbu]] ya [[nadharia]] ya kihisabati kuhusu matukio ya dainamia umeme, iliyofikiwa hitimisho kwa njia ya maarifa na majaribio). Kitabu hiki kiliweka msingi kwa jina la sayansi mpya kuwa "dainamia umeme" (''electrodynamics'').

Mwaka [[1827]] Ampère aliheshimiwa kwa kuchaguliwa mwanachama mgeni wa [[Royal Society]] wa [[Uingereza]] na mwaka [[1828]] kama mwanachama wa [[Akademia ya Sayansi ya Uswidi]].<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www2.royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28Surname%3D%27ampere%27%29| title = Library and Archive Catalogue|publisher= Royal Society|accessdate = 13 March 2012}}</ref>

Kwa heshima ya kazi yake kipimo cha [[mkondo wa umeme]] kiliitwa "ampea", pamoja na [[coulomb]], [[volti]], [[ohm]] na [[watt]]. Vipimo hivi viliitwa kwa heshima ya wataalamu waliofanya kazi pamoja na Ampère na hao walikuwa [[Charles-Augustin de Coulomb]] wa [[Ufaransa]], [[Alessandro Volta]] wa [[Italia]], [[Georg Ohm]] wa [[Ujerumani]] na [[James Watt]] wa  [[Uskoti]]. 

Jina la Ampere liko kati ya majina 72 yaliyoandikwa kwenye [[Mnara wa Eiffel]] mjini Paris.

Katika miaka yake kwenye vyuo mbalimbali alifundisha hisabati, fizikia, [[falsafa]] na [[astronomia]]. 

Alikuwa [[Mkristo]] [[Mkatoliki]] tena [[Utawa wa Tatu wa Mt. Fransisko|Mfransisko]] aliyechukua muda kujisomea katika [[Biblia]] hasa wakati wa matatizo maishani.<ref>{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Catholic Encyclopedia | work = | publisher = | date = | url = http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01437c.htm| doi = | accessdate = 29 December 2007 }}</ref>

Kabla ya kufa mwaka 1836, Ampère aliagiza kauli ifuatayo iandikwe kwenye jiwe la [[kaburi]] lake: "Tandem Felix" (kwa [[Kilatini]]: "Hatimaye mwenye heri").

==Maandishi==
* ''Considerations sur la théorie mathématique du jeu'', [[Perisse Frères|Perisse]], Lyon Paris 1802, [https://archive.org/details/considerationssu00ampuoft]  
* Tafsiri ya Kiingereza ya baadhi ya mandishi yake:
** Magie, W.M. (1963). ''A Source Book in Physics.'' Harvard: Cambridge MA. pp.&nbsp;446–460.
** {{cite book|title=The tests of time : readings in the developement of physical theory|year=2003|publisher=Princeton University Press|location=Princeton|isbn=978-0691090856|pages=157–162|editor=Lisa M. Dolling, Arthur F. Gianelli, Glenn N. Statile}}.

==Tanbihi==
{{Reflist}}

==Marejeo==
* {{cite encyclopedia | last = Williams | first = L. Pearce | title = Ampère, André-Marie | encyclopedia = [[Dictionary of Scientific Biography]] | volume = 1 | pages = 139–147  | publisher = Charles Scribner's Sons | location = New York | year=  1970 | isbn = 0-684-10114-9}}
* {{cite book|title=André-Marie Ampère|first=James R. |last=Hofmann |publisher=Blackwell |place=Oxford |year=1995 |ISBN=063117849X}}

==Viungo vya nje==
{{commons category}}
{{wikiquote}}
* [http://www.ampere.cnrs.fr Ampère and the history of electricity] - a French-language, edited by CNRS, site with Ampère's correspondence (full text and critical edition with links to manuscripts pictures, more than 1000 letters), an Ampère bibliography, experiments, and 3D simulations
* [http://musee-ampere.univ-lyon1.fr Ampère Museum] {{Wayback|url=http://musee-ampere.univ-lyon1.fr/ |date=20080418102502 }} - a French-language site from the museum in Poleymieux-au-Mont-d'or, near [[Lyon]], [[France]]
* {{MacTutor Biography|id=Ampere}}
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01437c.htm Catholic Encyclopedia on André Marie Ampère]
* [http://www.juliantrubin.com/bigten/ampereexperiments.html André-Marie Ampère: The Founder of Electromagnetism] - Background information and related experiments

{{Persondata
|NAME              = Ampère, André-Marie
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Ampere, Andre-Marie (English)
|SHORT DESCRIPTION = French physicist and mathematician
|DATE OF BIRTH     = 22 January 1775
|PLACE OF BIRTH    = [[Polémieux]], [[Lyon]], [[France]]
|DATE OF DEATH     = 10 June 1836
|PLACE OF DEATH    = [[Marseille]], [[France]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ampere, Andre-Marie}}
[[Category:waliozaliwa 1775]]
[[Category:waliofariki 1836]]
[[Category:Wanafizikia wa Ufaransa]]
[[Category:Wafransisko]]