Wahamaji

Wabeja katika Afrika Kaskazini Mashariki.

Wahamaji ni watu wasio na makao ya kudumu ama kwa sababu ya kuwa wawindaji-wakusanyaji, ama kwa kuwatimizia mahitaji mifugo yao katika mazingira magumu, ama kwa sababu wanazunguka daima kuuza bidhaa zao.

Mwaka 1995 walikadiriwa kuwa milioni 30-40 duniani kote.

Marejeo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Oberfalzerova, Alena (2006): Metaphors and Nomads, Triton, Prague. ISBN 80-7254-849-2
Sadr, Karim (1991). The Development of Nomadism in Ancient Northeast Africa, University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-3066-3
Cowan, Gregory (2002). "Nomadology in Architecture: Ephemerality, Movement and Collaboration" University of Adelaide (available: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37830 [1])
Chatty, Dawn (1983–2009). Articles on Nomadic life
Chatwin, Bruce (1987). The Songlines
Deleuze and Guattari (1980). A Thousand Plateaus
Melvyn Goldstein: The Impact of China's Reform Policy on the Nomads of Western Tibet
The Remote World of Tibet's Nomads
Grousset, René (1939). L'Empire des Steppes
Michael Haerdter. Remarks on modernity, mobility, nomadism and the arts
Kradin, Nikolay (2004). "Nomadic Empires in Evolutionary Perspective". In Alternatives of Social Evolution. Ed. by N.N. Kradin, A.V. Korotayev, Dmitri Bondarenko, V. de Munck, and P.K. Wason (pp. 274–88). Vladivostok: Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; reprinted in: The Early State, its Alternatives and Analogues. Ed. by Leonid Grinin et al. (pр. 501–24). Volgograd: Uchitel'.
Kradin, Nikolay N. (2002). "Nomadism, Evolution, and World-Systems: Pastoral Societies in Theories of Historical Development+. Journal of World-System Research 8: 368–88.
Kradin, Nikolay N. (2003). "Nomadic Empires: Origins, Rise, Declin"e. In Nomadic Pathways in Social Evolution. Ed. by N.N. Kradin, Dmitri Bondarenko, and T. Barfield (pp. 73–87). Moscow: Center for Civilizational Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences.
Kradin, Nikolay N. (2006). "Cultural Complexity of Pastoral Nomads". World Cultures 15: 171–89 Archived 17 Novemba 2012 at the Wayback Machine..
Beall, Cynthia and Goldstein, Melvyn (May 1993). "Past becoming future for Mongolian nomads" National Geographic Magazine
Vigo, Julian (2005). "Nomadic Sexualities and Nationalities: Postcolonial Performative Words and Visual Texts". Inscriptions in the Sand Famagusta: Eastern Mediterranean University Press.

Viungo vya nje[hariri | hariri chanzo]

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