Tazama chanzo cha Kukingiwa dhambi ya asili

[[File:Panachranta.jpg|thumb|right|[[Picha takatifu]] ya [[karne ya 11]] ya Theotokos Panachranta, yaani "Mama wa Mungu asiye na doa lolote"<ref>Raymond Burke, 2008, ''Mariology: A Guide for Priests, Deacons,seminarians, and Consecrated Persons'' Queenship Publishing ISBN 1-57918-355-7 page [https://books.google.com/books?id=ez0VRbQi1i4C&pg=PA251&dq=Panachranta&hl=en&ei=wfNcTqapHuSD4gTjnOQU&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Panachranta&f=false]</ref>.]]
'''Kukingiwa dhambi ya asili''' ni fundisho rasmi la [[Kanisa Katoliki]] kuhusu [[Bikira Maria]], kwamba alitungwa [[mimba]] bila kurithi [[dhambi ya asili]] na kwamba alipewa na [[Mungu]] [[fadhili]] hiyo kwa kutanguliziwa [[stahili]] za [[Yesu Kristo]], [[Mtoto|mwanae]]<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p122a3p2.htm Catechism of the Catholic Church, 490-493]</ref>

Kadiri ya [[imani]] hiyo Maria, akiwa kweli amejaa [[neema]] na mbarikiwa kati ya [[Mwanamke|wanawake]], kwa kutazamia [[Yesu kuzaliwa na Bikira|uzazi]] na [[Kifo cha Yesu|kifo]] cha [[Mwana wa Mungu]] kitakacholeta [[wokovu]], tangu [[nukta]] ya kwanza ya kutungwa mimba alikingiwa doa lolote la [[dhambi]]<ref>https://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/20600</ref>.

[[Dogma]] hiyo ilitangazwa kwa [[fahari]] na [[Papa Pius IX]] kutokana na [[mapokeo]] ya kale sana <ref>When defining the dogma in ''Ineffabilis Deus'', [[Pope Pius IX]] explicitly affirmed that Mary was redeemed in a manner more sublime. He stated that Mary, rather than being cleansed after sin, was completely prevented from contracting Original Sin in view of the foreseen merits of Jesus Christ, the Savior of the human race. In {{Bibleverse||Luke|1:47}}, Mary proclaims: "My spirit has rejoiced in God my Saviour." This is referred to as Mary's pre-redemption by Christ. Since the [[Second Council of Orange]] against [[Semipelagianism|semi-pelagianism]], the Catholic Church has taught that even had man never sinned in the [[Garden of Eden]] and was sinless, he would still require God's grace to remain sinless.</ref>. 

==Historia==
[[Imani]] hiyo katika [[utakatifu]] usio na doa wa Maria ilishikwa na [[Wakristo]] tangu kale<ref>A feast of the Conception of the Most Holy and All Pure Mother of God was celebrated in Syria on 8 December perhaps as early as the 5th century.</ref>.

Hata hivyo mjadala wa [[wanateolojia]] uliendelea muda mrefu kuhusu uwezekano wa fadhili hiyo kuhusiana na imani ya kwamba [[Mkombozi]] pekee wa [[binadamu]] wote ni [[Yesu]].

Kati ya watetezi wakuu wa fadhili hiyo walijitokeza [[Ndugu Wadogo]], kuanzia [[Yohane Duns Scotus|Yohane Duns Skoto]]<ref>Proposing a solution to the theological problem of reconciling the doctrine with that of universal redemption in Christ, he argued that Mary's immaculate conception did not remove her from redemption by Christ; rather it was the result of a more perfect redemption granted her because of her special role in salvation history. Scotus's arguments remained controversial, however, particularly among the Dominicans, who were willing enough to celebrate Mary's ''sanctificatio'' (being made free from sin) but, following the Dominican Thomas Aquinas' arguments, continued to insist that her sanctification could not have occurred until after her conception. ''Encyclopedia of theology: a concise Sacramentum mundi'' by Karl Rahner 2004 ISBN 0-86012-006-6 pages 896-898</ref>.

Hatimaye [[dogma]] hiyo ilitangazwa [[mwaka]] [[1854]] kwa hati ''[[Ineffabilis Deus]]'' ya [[Papa Pius IX]].<ref name=Ineffabilis>"the doctrine which holds that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the first instance of her conception, by a singular grace and privilege granted by Almighty God, in view of the merits of Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race, was preserved free from all stain of original sin" ([http://www.ewtn.com/LIBRARY/PAPALDOC/P9INEFF.htm Encyclical ''Ineffabilis Deus'' of Pope Pius IX] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ewtn.com/LIBRARY/PAPALDOC/P9INEFF.htm |date=20130314204842 }})</ref><ref>The papal bull defining the dogma, ''[[Ineffabilis Deus]]'', mentioned in particular the patrististic interpretation of Genesis 3:15 as referring to a woman, Mary, who would be eternally at enmity with the evil serpent and completely triumphing over him. It said the Fathers saw foreshadowings of Mary's "wondrous abundance of divine gifts and original innocence" "in that ark of Noah, which was built by divine command and escaped entirely safe and sound from the common shipwreck of the whole world; in the ladder which Jacob saw reaching from the earth to heaven, by whose rungs the angels of God ascended and descended, and on whose top the Lord himself leaned: Genesis 28:12; in that bush which Moses saw in the holy place burning on all sides, which was not consumed or injured in any way but grew green and blossomed beautifully: Exodus 3:2; in that impregnable tower before the enemy, from which hung a thousand bucklers and all the armor of the strong: Song 4:4; in that garden enclosed on all sides, which cannot be violated or corrupted by any deceitful plots: Song 4:12; in that resplendent city of God, which has its foundations on the holy mountains: Psalm 87:1; in that most august temple of God, which, radiant with divine splendours, is full of the glory of God: Isaiah 6:1-4; and in very many other biblical types of this kind."

The bull recounts that the Fathers interpreted the angel's address to Mary, "highly favoured one" or "full of grace" (Luke 1:28) as indicating that "she was never subject to the curse and was, together with her Son, the only partaker of perpetual benediction"; they "frequently compare her to Eve while yet a virgin, while yet innocence, while yet incorrupt, while not yet deceived by the deadly snares of the most treacherous serpent".</ref>

Miaka minne baadaye huko [[Lurdi]] mtoto [[Bernadeta Soubirous]] alisema kuwa ametokewa mara kadha na [[mwanamke]] ambaye hatimaye alijitambulisha "Ndimi Kukingiwa Dhambi ya Asili".<ref>[http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/speeches/2002/december/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20021208_immacolata_en.html Vatican website]</ref>

==Katika liturujia==
[[Kanisa la Kilatini]] linaadhimisha fumbo hilo kama [[sherehe]] tarehe [[8 Desemba]]<ref>[[Martyrologium Romanum]]</ref>. Siku hiyo katika nchi mbalimbali ni [[sikukuu ya amri]] kwa Wakatoliki, na pengine [[sikukuu ya kitaifa]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/beliefs/immaculateconception.shtml |title=Christianity: Immaculate Conception |publisher=BBC |accessdate=25 May 2014}}</ref>
[[File:Turkey.Konya035.jpg|thumb|Sura ya 19 ya [[Qur'an]] (''Sūratu Maryam'') iliyonakiliwa kwa [[mkono]] katika [[karne ya 9]], [[Uturuki]].]]
==Katika Uislamu==
Mafundisho ya [[Uislamu]] juu ya [[ubora]] wa Bikira Mariamu yanafanana kiasi na imani hiyo<ref>Thomas Patrick Hughes, ''A Dictionary of Islam''. First published London 1885; reprinted by Asian Educational Services 2001. ISBN 8120606728, ISBN 9788120606722. Entry "IMMACULATE CONCEPTION". ([https://books.google.com/books?id=O84eYLVHvB0C&q=immaculate.conception Google Books]) Quote: "This doctrine was asserted by [[Muhammad]] (''[[Mishkat al-Masabih|Mishkāt]]'', book i., ch. iii., pt. 1)."</ref><ref>William Bernard Ullathorne. ''The Immaculate Conception of the Mother of God: An Exposition''. First published 1855; ISBN 1-110-89977-7. Chapter XIV, "Mahomet and Martin Luther". ([https://books.google.com/books?id=2po9AAAAYAAJ&jtp=121#v=onepage Google Books])</ref><ref>Giancarlo Finazzo. [http://www.ewtn.com/library/mary/marykran.htm "The Virgin Mary in the Koran"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ewtn.com/library/mary/marykran.htm |date=20160806044024 }}. ''L'Osservatore Romano'' Weekly Edition in English, 13 April 1978, page 4. Quote: "The dogma of the Immaculate Conception ... is univocally recognized by the Islamic religion."</ref>.

==Picha==
<gallery mode=packed heights=200>
File:Piero di Cosimo 057.jpg|Mchoro wa [[Piero di Cosimo]], 1505
File:0 L'Immaculée Conception - P.P. Rubens - Prado - P1627 - (2).JPG|Mchoro wa [[Peter Paul Rubens|Rubens]], 1628-1629
File:Inmaculada (Zurbarán).jpg|Mchoro wa [[Francisco de Zurbarán|Zurbarán]], 1630
File:Inmaculada Concepcion (La Colosal).jpg|Mchoro wa [[Bartolomé Esteban Murillo|Murillo]], 1650
File:Imaculada - Murillo.jpg|Mchoro wa [[Bartolomé Esteban Murillo|Murillo]], 1660
File:La Inmaculada de Soult, 1678, Bartolomé E. Murillo.jpg|Mchoro wa [[Bartolomé Esteban Murillo|Murillo]], 1678
File:Maratta.jpg|Mchoro wa [[Carlo Maratta]], 1689
File:Juan Antonio de Frías y Escalante. Inmaculada Concepción.jpg|Mchoro wa [[Juan Antonio de Frías y Escalante|Juan Antonio Escalante]] 17th century
File:Roma-santa maria degli angeli.jpg|[[Altare]] ya kanisa la [[Bikira Maria wa Malaika na Wafiadini]], [[Roma]]
</gallery>

==Tanbihi==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Marejeo==
* Le Franc, Martin. ''The Conception of Mary -- A Rhyming Translation of Book V of Le Champion des Dames by Martin Le Franc (1410-1461).'' Ed. and trans. Steven Millen Taylor. Lewiston, NY: The Edwin Mellen Press, 2010.

==Viungo vya nje==
{{Commons category|Immaculate Conception}}
* [http://elmiradorespagnol.free.fr/inmaculada/ ''The Immaculate Conception in Art'' (Painting) ]
* [http://www.newadvent.org/library/docs_pi09id.htm ''Ineffabilis Deus'' (Apostolic Constitution of Pope Pius IX defining the dogma of the Immaculate Conception)]
* [http://fr.calameo.com/books/0015806127388765210be] Godzinki: The Little Hours of the Immaculate Conception
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=7uwCAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=&ei=ME5KSKGDIYjaigHBzIzlDQ#PP()A243,M1 St. Alphonsus Liguori's writing on the Immaculate Conception in his book ''[[The Glories of Mary]]'']
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07674d.htm Catholic Encyclopedia entry on the Immaculate Conception]
* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11312a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia entry on Original Sin]
* [http://www.egliseimmaculee.com/theologicalmeditation.htm The Immaculate Conception. A study by a Melkite archimandrite] {{Wayback|url=http://www.egliseimmaculee.com/theologicalmeditation.htm |date=20070510022830 }}
*[http://www.biblicalcatholic.com/apologetics/ImmaculateConceptionMaryJuniperCarolMariology.htm The Immaculate Conception of the Mother of God] {{Wayback|url=http://www.biblicalcatholic.com/apologetics/ImmaculateConceptionMaryJuniperCarolMariology.htm |date=20161214231926 }} based on Juniper Carol's Mariology and [[William Bernard Ullathorne]]e's book
* [http://www.oca.org/QA.asp?ID=4&SID=3 "St. Augustine and Original Sin"] — a short article on the different understandings of Original Sin in Eastern and Western Christianity, without distinguishing Protestant theology from Roman Catholic. The latter holds that "original sin does not have the character of a personal fault in any of Adam's descendants" (''Catechism of the Catholic Church'', 405).
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=ez0VRbQi1i4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=mariology+guide+priests+deacons&hl=en&ei=xCYsTvqLDZK5hAeYycWqCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Mark I. Miraville (editor), "Mariology: A Guide for Priests, Deacons, Seminarians, and Consecrated Persons'']
* [http://www.romanity.org/htm/rom.10.en.original_sin_according_to_st._paul.01.htm Original Sin According To St. Paul] by [[John S. Romanides]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303172603/http://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P1K.HTM Catechism of the Catholic Church "Conceived by the Power of the Holy Spirit and Born of the Virgin Mary"]
{{Bikira Maria}}
{{mbegu-Ukristo}}
[[Category:Bikira Maria]]
[[Jamii:Sikukuu za Ukristo]]