Umarsioni
Umarsioni ulikuwa aina ya Ukristo[1] iliyoenea sana katika karne za kwanza za Kanisa[2] ikifundisha uwepo wa miungu wawili, mmoja mwema na wa kweli (yule wa Injili), mwingine mbaya (yule Muumba wa Agano la Kale)[1][2][3]. Jina lilitokana na lile la mwanzilishi wake, Marsioni, mtoto wa askofu wa Sinope, Ponto, leo nchini Uturuki. Alipohamia Roma katikati ya karne ya 2, alifundisha na kuandika hayo[4], akikataa vitabu vyote vya Biblia isipokuwa Injili ya Luka aliyoifupisha na barua 10 za Mtume Paulo[5][6][7]. Maandishi yake yamepotea, lakini yanajulikana kupitia yale ya Tertuliani na Mababu wa Kanisa waliompinga mapema[8].
Tanbihi
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- 1 2 Ehrman, Bart D. (2005) [2003]. "At Polar Ends of the Spectrum: Early Christian Ebionites and Marcionites". Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ku. 95–112. doi:10.1017/s0009640700110273. ISBN 978-0-19-518249-1. LCCN 2003053097. S2CID 152458823.
- 1 2 Dunn, James D. G. (2016). ""The Apostle of the Heretics": Paul, Valentinus, and Marcion". Katika Porter, Stanley E.; Yoon, David (whr.). Paul and Gnosis. Pauline Studies. Juz. la 9. Leiden and Boston: Brill Publishers. ku. 105–118. doi:10.1163/9789004316690_008. ISBN 978-90-04-31668-3. LCCN 2016009435. S2CID 171394481.
- ↑ BeDuhn, Jason (2015). "The New Marcion" (PDF). Forum. 3 (Fall 2015): 165. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo (PDF) mnamo 2019-05-25. Iliwekwa mnamo 2023-12-23.
- ↑ History of the Christian Church, Volume II: Ante-Nicene Christianity. A.D. 100–325. Marcion and his School by PHILIP SCHAFF
- ↑ Ehrman, Bart D. (2005). Misquoting Jesus: The Story Behind Who Changed the Bible and Why. New York: HarperOne. uk. 33. ISBN 978-0-06-085951-0.
- ↑ "Eusebius' Church History". Ccel.org. 2005-06-01. Iliwekwa mnamo 2013-01-25.
- ↑ Ehrman, Bart D. Misquoting Jesus. ku. 33–34.
- ↑ Ehrman, Bart D. Misquoting Jesus. uk. 163.
Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Baker, David L., Two Testaments, One Bible (second edn; Leicester: Inter-Varsity, 1991): pp. 35, 48–52.
- Legge, Francis, Forerunners and Rivals of Christianity, From 330 B.C. to 330 A.D. (1914), reprinted in two volumes bound as one, University Books New York, 1964. LC Catalog 64-24125.
- McGowan, Andrew Brian (2001). "Marcion's Love of Creation". Journal of Early Christian Studies. 9 (3): 295–311. doi:10.1353/earl.2001.0045. S2CID 170522717.
- Mead, G.R.S., Gospel of Marcion Fragments of a Faith Forgotten, London and Benares, 1900; 3rd Edition 1931.
- Price, Robert M. The Evolution of the Pauline Canon.
- Riparelli, Enrico, Il volto del Cristo dualista. Da Marcione ai catari, Peter Lang, Bern – Berlin – Bruxelles – Frankfurt am Main – New York – Oxford – Wien 2008, 368 pp. ISBN 978-3-03911-490-0
- Rist, Martin (1942). "Pseudepigraphic Refutations of Marcionism". The Journal of Religion. 22 (1): 39–62. doi:10.1086/482828. S2CID 171058612.
- Pollock, Benjamin (2012). "On the Road to Marcionism: Franz Rosenzweig's Early Theology". Jewish Quarterly Review. 102 (2): 224–55. doi:10.1353/jqr.2012.0020. S2CID 170094655.
- Merquior, J. G (1988). "From Marcionism to Marxism". Critical Review. 2 (4): 101–13. doi:10.1080/08913818808459542.
- Sciglitano, Anthony Charles (2003). Hans Urs von Balthasar's theology of Judaism: Trinitarian anti -Marcionism and the surprising nature of grace. ETD Collection for Fordham University. ku. 1–230.
Viungo vya nje
[hariri | hariri chanzo]
Wikimedia Commons ina media kuhusu:
- von Harnack, Adolf (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Juz. la 17 (tol. la 11th). ku. 691–693.
{{cite encyclopedia}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - The Marcionite Research Library
. Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913.
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