Tazama chanzo cha Picha takatifu

[[File:The Ladder of Divine Ascent.jpg|thumb|''[[Ngazi ya Kupanda kwa Mungu]]'' ni picha ya [[karne ya 12]] inayoonyesha [[wamonaki]] wakipanda kwa [[Yesu]] [[mbinguni]], [[Monasteri]] ya Mt. Katerina, [[Sinai]].]]
[[File:Trinity tikhon filatiev.jpg|right|thumb|Picha ya [[Kirusi]] ya [[Utatu Mtakatifu]] iliyoiga ile maarufu ya [[Andrei Rublev]].]]
[[File:Triumph orthodoxy.jpg|thumb|200px|left|"[[Ushindi wa Imani Sahihi]]" dhidi ya wapingapicha chini ya [[malkia Theodora]] na mwanae kaisari [[Mikaeli III]]. Picha takatifu ya [[karne ya 14]] mwishoni – [[Karne ya 15|15]] mwanzoni.]]
[[File:MikołajDSC 0186.jpg|thumb|left|Picha ya [[Nikolasi wa Myra|Mt. Nikolasi]] iliyochongwa jiweni kati ya karne ya 12 na [[karne ya 15]], [[Radomysl Castle]], [[Ukraine]]<ref>Bogomolets O. Radomysl Castle-Museum on the Royal Road Via Regia". — Kyiv, 2013 ISBN 978-617-7031-15-3</ref>]]
{{Ukristo}}
'''Picha takatifu''' (pia "ikona" kutoka [[Kigiriki]] εἰκών, ''eikōn'' "[[picha]]" kwa kupitia [[Kiingereza]] ''icon'') kwa kawaida ni [[mchoro]] unaoheshimiwa ki[[dini]] hasa katika [[Ukristo wa Mashariki]] lakini pia katika [[madhehebu]] mbalimbali ya [[Ukristo wa Magharibi]], kama vile [[Kanisa la Kilatini]].  

Mara nyingi picha hizo zinamhusu [[Yesu]], [[Bikira Maria]], [[watakatifu]] wengine, [[malaika]] na [[msalaba]]. 

"[[Sanaa ya Kikristo]]" inatajwa kwanza kati ya [[karne ya 2]] na [[karne ya 3]] katika [[maandishi]] ya [[Tertuliani]] ([[160]] hivi - [[220]]) na [[Klemens wa Aleksandria]] ([[150]] hivi - [[212]]).

Matumizi ya picha hizo yalipingwa na baadhi ya Wakristo, hasa wa mashariki, baada ya [[Uislamu]] kutokea na kuenea katika maeneo yao. Hapo [[kaisari Leo III]] wa [[dola la Roma Mashariki]] alikataza picha hizo ili kujilinganisha na Waislamu na kujenga uhusiano mzuri nao.

Kumbe [[wamonaki]] na Wakristo wengine wengi walipinga katazo hilo. Ndio mwanzo wa mabishano makubwa yasiyoishia katika [[hoja]] na maandishi, bali yalichukua [[uhai]] wa [[watu]], hasa waliodhulumiwa na [[serikali]]. 

Hatimaye [[Mtaguso wa pili wa Nisea]] ([[787]]) ulithibitisha uhalali wa picha hizo na wa [[heshima]] ambazo zinapewa, kama ulivyotetewa hasa na [[mtakatifu]] [[Mwarabu]] [[Yohane wa Damasko]].

Pamoja na kwamba picha takatifu zinasema na [[Moyo|mioyo]] ya waamini wanyofu, mara nyingi [[utaalamu]] wa [[ikonografia]] unahitajika hasa katika kufafanua picha takatifu za [[Ukristo wa Mashariki]], kwa kuwa hizo hazilengi kuiga [[sura]] halisi zinavyoonekana na [[macho]], bali kudokeza [[fumbo|mafumbo]] ya [[imani]] ili kuona yasiyoonekana.

==Tanbihi==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Marejeo==
*Beckwith, John, ''Early Christian and Byzantine Art'', Penguin History of Art (now Yale), 2nd edn. 1979, ISBN 0-14-056033-5

==Marejeo mengine==
*{{cite book | author= Evans, Helen C. | title=[http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/58371/rec/3 ''Byzantium: faith and power (1261-1557)''] | location=New York | publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art | year=2004 | isbn=1-58839-113-2}}
*{{cite book | author= Evans, Helen C. & Wixom, William D | title=[http://cdm16028.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/145583 ''The glory of Byzantium: art and culture of the Middle Byzantine era, A.D. 843-1261''] | location=New York | publisher=The Metropolitan Museum of Art | year=1997 | isbn=978-0-8109-6507-2}}

== Viungo vya nje ==
{{commons|Icon}}

=== Waorthodoksi ===
*[http://www.orthodoxiconography.com/ Orthodox Iconography by Elias Damianakis]
*[http://archangelsbooks.com/articles/iconography/DiscourseIcon.asp A Discourse in Iconography by St. John of Shanghai and San Francisco] {{Wayback|url=http://archangelsbooks.com/articles/iconography/DiscourseIcon.asp |date=20110911190437 }}
*[http://www.orthodoxinfo.com/general/orth_icon.aspx The Iconic and Symbolic in Orthodox Iconography]
*[http://en.iconskarakallou.gr/icon-worship/ Icon & worship - Icons of Karakallou Monastery, Mt.Athos] {{Wayback|url=http://en.iconskarakallou.gr/icon-worship/ |date=20140418105923 }}
*[http://www.ikonograph.com Contemporary Byzantine icon studio, iconography school and orthodox resources] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ikonograph.com/ |date=20110515130511 }}
*[http://iconography-guide.com Iconography Guide -free eLearning site] {{Wayback|url=http://iconography-guide.com/ |date=20200801180014 }}
*[http://www.ikonograph.com/F.Theodore.html Orthodox iconography by Fr. Theodore Koufos] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ikonograph.com/F.Theodore.html |date=20110508013624 }}
*[http://www.traditionaliconography.com/webgalleryart.html On the difference of Western Religious Art and Orthodox Iconography] {{Wayback|url=http://www.traditionaliconography.com/webgalleryart.html |date=20151009203252 }}
*[http://www.churchofthenativity.net/orthodoxy/icons/ Church of the Nativity - Explanation of Orthodox Christian Icons]
*[http://www.churchofthenativity.net/orthodoxy/rules-of-piety/concerning-the-veneration-of-icons/ Concerning the Veneration of Icons]
*[http://www.antiochian.org/1103744287 Holy Icons: Theology in Color] (Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese)
*Icons by [[Sergei Fyodorov]]

=== [[Wakatoliki]] ===
*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07664a.htm "Veneration of Images"] article from ''[[The Catholic Encyclopedia]]''
*''[http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15324coll10/id/156533 Age of spirituality : late antique and early Christian art, third to seventh century]'' from The Metropolitan Museum of Art

=== Picha ===
*[http://www.macedonian-heritage.gr/Athos/General/Art.html Icons of Mount Athos]
*[http://www.goarch.org/resources/clipart/ Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America: Icons]
*[http://www.icon-art.info/gallery.php?lng=en Gallery of icons, murals and mosaics (mostly Russian) from 11th to 20th century]
*[http://www.eikonografos.com www.eikonografos.com] A huge collection of Byzantine Icons
*[http://www.ikonograph.com/murals.html Contemporary Orthodox Byzantine style murals. Large gallery.] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ikonograph.com/murals.html |date=20110515130511 }}

{{mbegu-Ukristo}}

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