Observansya

Observansya (kwa Kiingereza: Observantism, observant movement au observant reform) ilikuwa tapo la urekebisho lililoenea katika mashirika mbalimbali ya kitawa ya Kanisa la Kilatini kuanzia katikati ya karne ya 14 hadi katikati ya karne ya 16 au Mtaguso wa Trento (1545–1563).

Watawa hao walikusudia kushika sawasawa kanuni zao (kwa Kilatini: observantia regulae) kama ilivyokuwa mwanzoni, dhidi ya ulegevu uliosambaa kwa kawaida baada ya kifo cha waanzilishi.

Juhudi zao hazikutokana na maagizo ya Mapapa yaliyolenga kuweka mambo sawa, kama yale ya Papa Benedikto XII miaka 1335–1339.

Kati ya mashirika yaliyoguswa zaidi na tapo hilo kuna Waaugustino, Wabenedikto, Wakarmeli, Wadominiko na hasa Wafransisko.

Marejeo

• Minnich, Nelson H. (2005) [1996]. "Observantism". Katika Hans J. Hillebrand (mhr.). Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation. Oxford University Press. Iliwekwa mnamo 10 Novemba 2024.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
• Mixson, James (2015). "Introduction". Katika James Mixson; Bert Roest (whr.). A Companion to Observant Reform in the Late Middle Ages and Beyond. Brill. ku. 1–20.
• Oakley, Francis (1979). The Western Church in the Later Middle Ages. Cornell University Press.
• Roest, Bert (2009). "Observant Reform in Religious Orders". Katika Miri Rubin; Walter Simons (whr.). The Cambridge History of Christianity. Juz. la 4: Christianity in Western Europe, c.1100–c.1500. Cambridge University Press. ku. 446–457.
• Roest, Bert (2023). "Observant Reforms and Cultural Production in Europe: Introductory Remarks". Katika Pietro Delcorno; Bert Roest (whr.). Observant Reforms and Cultural Production in Europe: Learning, Liturgy and Spiritual Practice (PDF). Radboud University Press. ku. 7–31.

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