Nation of Islam

Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru
Nation of Islam
UfupishoNOI
Wito"Haki au Vinginevyo!"
MwanzilishiWallace Fard Muhammad
LimeanzishwaDetroit, Michigan, U.S.
AinaHarakati za kidini na kisiasa
Hali ya kisheriaInafanyakazi
Makao MakuuMosque Maryam, Chicago, Illinois
Mahali
TanzuAmerican Society of Muslims
Fruit of Islam
wavutinoi.org

Nation of Islam (Kiarabu: أمة الإسلام‎, hufupishwa kama NOI) ni shirika la Kiislamu lenye harakati za kidini ambalo lilianzishwa mjini Detroit, Marekani, na Wallace D. Fard Muhammad tarehe 4 Julai, 1930.[2] Malengo yake hasa ni kuboresha imani za kiroho, mtima, jamii na hali za kiuchumi za Wamarekani Weusi Waislamu wa Marekani na masuala mengine ya kibinadamu.[3] Watahakiki wamelipa jina shirika kama kikundi cha mamlaka ya watu weusi, yaani, kama kikundi cha kuchochea chuki dhidi ya watu wasio weusi na Kikundi kisichowapenda Wayahudi,[4][5][6] na NOI hutazamwa kama kikundi cha chuki na kituo cha Southern Poverty Law Center.[7]

Gazeti lake rasmi ni The Final Call. Nation of Islam halichapishi idadi halisi ya wanachama wake; mwaka wa 2007, wanachama wao walikadiriwa kufikia kati ya 20,000 na 50,000.[1]

Baada ya kutoweka kwa Fard mnamo Juni 1934, Nation of Islam liliongozwa na Elijah Muhammad, ambaye alianzisha mahali mbalimbali pa kuabudia ambapo alipaita (Mahekalu au Misikiti), shule iliyoitwa Muhammad University of Islam, mabiashara, mashamba, na mashamba makubwa na ujenzi wa majengo ambayo yalikuwa Marekani na nje ya Marekani.[8] Wakati wa uongozi wa Elijah Muhammad, kulikuwa na makundi kibwena, yaani, mivutano baina ya watu hawa na wale hadi kupelekea kuondoka kwa kiongozi mkubwa katika shirika Bwana Malcolm X na kuamua kuwa dhehebu la Sunni. Baada ya kifo cha Elijah Muhammad mnamo 1975, mtoto wake Warith Deen Mohammed kabadili jina la jumuia na kuliita "World Community of Islam in the West" (na mara mbili baada ya hapo), na baadaye alijaribu kulirudisha shirika katika muundo mkuu wa Kiislamu wa itikadi za Kisunni.

Mwaka wa 1977, Louis Farrakhan alikataa uongozi wa Warith Deen Mohammed na kuainzisha upya Nation of Islam katika misingi ya awali. Kachukua hekalu ya makao makuu ya Nation of Islam, Mosque Maryam (Mosque #2), ambalo lipo Chicago, Illinois. Tangu 2010, chini ya Farrakhan, wanachama wanaonekana kuzidi.[9]

Wanachama wanaojulikana wa sasa na wa awali[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Elijah Muhammad

Tazama pia[hariri | hariri chanzo]

Marejeo[hariri | hariri chanzo]

  1. 1.0 1.1 MacFarquhar, Neil. "Nation of Islam at a Crossroad as Leader Exits", The New York Times, February 26, 2007. 
  2. Nation of Islam. Nation of Islam in America: A Nation of Beauty & Peace. Iliwekwa mnamo 10 April 2014.
  3. A Brief History on the origin of the Nation of Islam in America. Nation of Islam (March 1, 2010). Iliwekwa mnamo March 29, 2012.
  4. Nation of Islam Leader Reprises "Vintage" Anti-Semitism; ADL Says Farrakhan's Racism 'As Ugly As It Ever Was'. Anti-Defamation League (March 1, 2010). Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2013-01-20. Iliwekwa mnamo February 1, 2012.
  5. Perry, Marvin and Schweitzer, Frederick M. (2002). Antisemitism: myth and hate from antiquity to the present. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 213. ISBN 0-312-16561-7. 
  6. Stephen Roth Institute. Minister Louis Farrakhan and the Nation of Islam. Tel Aviv University. Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2013-01-20. Iliwekwa mnamo February 1, 2012.
  7. "Nation of Islam", Southern Poverty Law Center; accessed December 7, 2014.
  8. C. Eric Lincoln (1994). Black Muslims in America. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. pp. 88, 89 218. ISBN 0-8028-0703-8. 
  9. Mohammed, Asahed (February 28, 2013). Nation of Islam Auditors graduation held for third Saviours' Day in a row. Final Call. Iliwekwa mnamo April 22, 2013.
  10. Muhammad Ali's New Spiritual Quest, beliefnet.com; February 2005.
  11. MC Ren: RenIncarnated Archived 27 Septemba 2012 at the Wayback Machine. HipHopDX
  12. "BBC News Profile: John Allen Muhammad", November 11, 2009. Retrieved on 2010-03-24. 
  13. [1], Snoop Dogg does not specify a date when he joined.

Viungo vya Nje[hariri | hariri chanzo]

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