Mlipuko wa virusi vya corona 2019-20 : Tofauti kati ya masahihisho

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[[File:COVID-19 Confirmed Cases Animated Map.webm|thumb|230px|Mlipuko wa Virusi vya Korona Wuhan 2019-20]]
[[Picha:COVID-19-outbreak-timeline.gif|alt=|thumb|230x230px|Mlipuko wa Virusi vya Korona duniani]]
'''Mlipuko wa Virusi vya Korona''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''Coronavirus'') ulibainika [[tarehe]] za katikati za mwezi Desemba [[mwaka]] [[2019]] katika [[mji]] wa [[Wuhan]] huko China ya kati. Ulikuwa ni kikundi cha watu walio na [[nimonia]] bila chanzo kinachoeleweka. Ulibanika hivi karibuni kama aina mpya ya [[Virusi vya corona|virusi vya korona]].<ref name="Hui14Jan2020">{{Cite journal|last=Hui|first=David S.|last2=Azhar|first2=Esam EI|last3=Madani|first3=Tariq A.|last4=Ntoumi|first4=Francine|last5=Kock|first5=Richard|last6=Dar|first6=Osman|last7=Ippolito|first7=Giuseppe|last8=Mchugh|first8=Timothy D.|last9=Memish|first9=Ziad A.|last10=Drosten|first10=Christian|last11=Zumla|first11=Alimuddin|date=14 January 2020|title=The continuing epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health – the latest novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China|url=https://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201-9712(20)30011-4/pdf |journal=International Journal of Infectious Diseases|language=English|volume=91|issue=|pages=264–266|doi=10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009|issn=1201-9712|via=}}</ref><ref name="promedmail">{{cite web|title=Undiagnosed pneumonia - China (HU) (01): wildlife sales, market closed, RFI Archive Number: 20200102.6866757|url=https://promedmail.org/promed-post/?id=6866757|website=Pro-MED-mail|publisher=International Society for Infectious Diseases|accessdate=13 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200122124653/https://promedmail.org/promed-post/?id=6866757|archive-date=22 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Cohen17Jan2020">{{Cite journal|last=Cohen|first=Jon|last2=Normile|first2=Dennis|date=17 January 2020|title=New SARS-like virus in China triggers alarm|url=https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6475/234|journal=Science|language=en|volume=367|issue=6475|pages=234–235|doi=10.1126/science.367.6475.234|issn=0036-8075|pmid=31949058|via=|url-access=subscription|access-date=17 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200117100226/https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6475/234|archive-date=17 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Parry20Jan2020">{{Cite journal|last=Parry|first=Jane|date=20 January 2020|title=China coronavirus: cases surge as official admits human to human transmission|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m236|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=368|pages=|doi=10.1136/bmj.m236|issn=1756-1833|via=|url-access=subscription}}</ref>
'''Mlipuko wa Virusi vya Korona''' (kwa [[Kiingereza]]: ''Coronavirus'') ulibainika [[tarehe]] za katikati za mwezi Desemba [[mwaka]] [[2019]] katika [[mji]] wa [[Wuhan]], mkoa wa [[Hubei]], huko China ya kati. Ulikuwa ni kikundi cha watu walio na [[nimonia]] bila chanzo kinachoeleweka. Ulibanika hivi karibuni kama aina mpya ya [[Virusi vya corona|virusi vya korona]].<ref name="Hui14Jan2020">{{Cite journal|last=Hui|first=David S.|last2=Azhar|first2=Esam EI|last3=Madani|first3=Tariq A.|last4=Ntoumi|first4=Francine|last5=Kock|first5=Richard|last6=Dar|first6=Osman|last7=Ippolito|first7=Giuseppe|last8=Mchugh|first8=Timothy D.|last9=Memish|first9=Ziad A.|last10=Drosten|first10=Christian|last11=Zumla|first11=Alimuddin|date=14 January 2020|title=The continuing epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health – the latest novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China|url=https://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201-9712(20)30011-4/pdf |journal=International Journal of Infectious Diseases|language=English|volume=91|issue=|pages=264–266|doi=10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009|issn=1201-9712|via=}}</ref><ref name="promedmail">{{cite web|title=Undiagnosed pneumonia - China (HU) (01): wildlife sales, market closed, RFI Archive Number: 20200102.6866757|url=https://promedmail.org/promed-post/?id=6866757|website=Pro-MED-mail|publisher=International Society for Infectious Diseases|accessdate=13 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200122124653/https://promedmail.org/promed-post/?id=6866757|archive-date=22 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Cohen17Jan2020">{{Cite journal|last=Cohen|first=Jon|last2=Normile|first2=Dennis|date=17 January 2020|title=New SARS-like virus in China triggers alarm|url=https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6475/234|journal=Science|language=en|volume=367|issue=6475|pages=234–235|doi=10.1126/science.367.6475.234|issn=0036-8075|pmid=31949058|via=|url-access=subscription|access-date=17 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200117100226/https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6475/234|archive-date=17 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Parry20Jan2020">{{Cite journal|last=Parry|first=Jane|date=20 January 2020|title=China coronavirus: cases surge as official admits human to human transmission|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m236|journal=British Medical Journal|volume=368|pages=|doi=10.1136/bmj.m236|issn=1756-1833|via=|url-access=subscription}}</ref>


[[Tarehe]] [[20 Januari]] [[2020]] [[Waziri Mkuu]] wa [[Uchina]] [[Li Keqiang]] alitoa wito wa kutia [[juhudi]] katika kukomesha na kudhibiti [[janga]] la nimonia lililosababishwa na virusi vya korona.<ref name="Premier urged">{{Cite web|url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202001/21/WS5e26556ca31012821727269c.html|title=Chinese premier stresses curbing viral pneumonia epidemic|location=[[Beijing]]|website=[[China Daily]]|publisher=[[Xinhua News Agency]]|date=21 January 2020|access-date=22 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200122124640/https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202001/21/WS5e26556ca31012821727269c.html|archive-date=22 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Kufikia tarehe 5 Februari 2020, kesi 24,588 zimethibitishwa,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ncov.dxy.cn/ncovh5/view/pneumonia|title=全国新型肺炎疫情实时动态 – 丁香园·丁香医生|website=ncov.dxy.cn|access-date=3 February 2020}}</ref> ikijumuisha kila mgawanyiko wa ngazi ya mkoa wa Uchina. Idadi kubwa ya watu wanaweza kuwa wameambukizwa, lakini hawakugunduliwa (haswa kesi kali).
[[Tarehe]] [[20 Januari]] [[2020]] [[Waziri Mkuu]] wa [[Uchina]] [[Li Keqiang]] alitoa wito wa kutia [[juhudi]] katika kukomesha na kudhibiti [[janga]] la nimonia lililosababishwa na virusi vya korona.<ref name="Premier urged">{{Cite web|url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202001/21/WS5e26556ca31012821727269c.html|title=Chinese premier stresses curbing viral pneumonia epidemic|location=[[Beijing]]|website=[[China Daily]]|publisher=[[Xinhua News Agency]]|date=21 January 2020|access-date=22 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200122124640/https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202001/21/WS5e26556ca31012821727269c.html|archive-date=22 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> Kufikia tarehe 23 Machi, 2020, kesi 337,000 zimethibitishwa,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hali ilivyo kuhusu Corona duniani {{!}} DW {{!}} 23.03.2020|url=https://www.dw.com/sw/hali-ilivyo-kuhusu-corona-duniani/a-52885838|work=DW.COM|accessdate=2020-03-23|language=sw-TZ|author=Deutsche Welle (www.dw.com)}}</ref>


== Chanzo cha mlipuko ==
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[[Maambukizi]] ya kwanza ya ndani ya virusi hivi nje ya Uchina yalitokea [[Vietnam]] kati ya [[wanafamilia]],<ref name=scmp3048017>{{Cite web |url=https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/economics/article/3048017/china-coronavirus-vietnam-flags-likely-human-transmission-case |title=China coronavirus: 'family cluster' in Vietnam fuels concerns over human transmission |date=29 January 2020 |website=South China Morning Post |access-date=29 January 2020}}</ref> wakati maambukizi ya kwanza ya ndani ambayo hayakuhusisha [[familia]] yalitokea [[Ujerumani]], tarehe 22 Januari, wakati [[mwanamume]] mmoja wa Kijerumani alipata ugonjwa huo kutoka kwa mgeni wa [[China]] kwenye kikao cha [[biashara]].<ref name=dw52169007>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-confirms-human-transmission-of-coronavirus/a-52169007 |title=Germany confirms human transmission of coronavirus |date=28 January 2020 |publisher=Deutsche Welle |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128220039/https://www.dw.com/en/germany-confirms-human-transmission-of-coronavirus/a-52169007 |archive-date=28 January 2020 |access-date=29 January 2020}}</ref>
Visa vya kwanza viliripotiwa mjini Wuhan. Madaktari waliripoti nimonia ambayo haikuwa na kielelezo. Virusi vilivyosababisha nimonia hiyo, vinashukiwa kutokea soko la nyama<ref>{{Cite web|title=Coronavirus: All you need to know in 500 words|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/01/china-coronavirus-500-words-200127065154334.html|work=www.aljazeera.com|accessdate=2020-03-23}}</ref>. Kisheria, ni halali kuuza [[wanyamapori]] katika masoko hayo nchini China. Kwa kawaida, virusi vinavyofanana na kirusi kilichogunduliwa huishi ndani ya [[popo]]. Wanasayansi waliochunguza [[jeni]] za kirusi kipya cha Korona, wanakisia kuwa [[Mageuko ya spishi|kilijibadilisha]] na kikaweza kuishi katika mwili wa binadamu na kusababisha ugonjwa<ref>{{Cite web|title=COVID-19 coronavirus epidemic has a natural origin|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/03/200317175442.htm|work=ScienceDaily|accessdate=2020-03-23|language=en}}</ref>.

Kufikia tarehe 5 Februari 2020, vifo 493 vimetokana na virusi hivyo tangu kifo cha kwanza kilichothibitishwa Januari 9, na watu 990 waliopona. <ref name="QinNYT11Jan20202">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/10/world/asia/china-virus-wuhan-death.html |title=China Reports First Death From New Virus |last=Qin |first=Amy |date=10 January 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=11 January 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200111020017/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/10/world/asia/china-virus-wuhan-death.html |archive-date=11 January 2020 |last2=Hernández |first2=Javier C. |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Kifo cha kwanza nje ya Uchina kiliripotiwa tarehe 1 Februari nchini [[Ufilipino]], kilikuwa ni kifo cha mwanamume wa Kichina mwenye [[umri]] wa miaka 44.

Kumekuwa na majaribio ambayo yameonyesha kesi zaidi ya 6000 zilizothibitishwa nchini Uchina, ambazo baadhi zao ni za [[wafanyakazi]] wa [[huduma ya afya]].<ref name="Field22Jan2020">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/nine-dead-as-chinese-coronavirus-spreads-despite-efforts-to-contain-it/2020/01/22/1eaade72-3c6d-11ea-afe2-090eb37b60b1_story.html|title=Nine dead as Chinese coronavirus spreads, despite efforts to contain it|last=Field|first=Field|date=22 January 2020|work=The Washington Post|access-date=22 January 2020|url-status=live}}</ref>

Kesi zilizothibitishwa pia zimeripotiwa huko [[Thailand]], [[Korea Kusini]], [[Japani]], [[Taiwani]], [[Makau]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Marekani]] ([[Everett]], [[Washington]] na [[Chicago]]),<ref name=Field22Jan2020/> [[Singapore]], <ref name="ST23Jan">{{cite web |last1=Goh |first1=Timothy |last2=Toh |first2=Ting Wei |title=Singapore confirms first case of Wuhan virus; second case likely |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/health/singapore-confirms-first-case-of-wuhan-virus |website=The Straits Times |accessdate=23 January 2020 |date=23 January 2020}}</ref> Vietnam, [[Ufaransa]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/coronavirus-france-china-wuhan-virus-symptoms-outbreak-latest-a9301106.html|title=France confirms two cases of deadly coronavirus|date=2020-01-24|website=The Independent|language=en|access-date=2020-01-24}}</ref>, [[Italia]] na [[Nepali]].


⚫
[[Maambukizi]] ya kwanza ya virusi hivi nje ya Uchina yalitokea [[Vietnam]] kati ya [[wanafamilia]],<ref name="scmp3048017">{{Cite web |url=https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/economics/article/3048017/china-coronavirus-vietnam-flags-likely-human-transmission-case |title=China coronavirus: 'family cluster' in Vietnam fuels concerns over human transmission |date=29 January 2020 |website=South China Morning Post |access-date=29 January 2020}}</ref> wakati maambukizi ya kwanza ya ndani ambayo hayakuhusisha [[familia]] yalitokea [[Ujerumani]], tarehe 22 Januari, wakati [[mwanamume]] mmoja wa Kijerumani alipata ugonjwa huo kutoka kwa mgeni wa [[China]] kwenye kikao cha [[biashara]].<ref name="dw52169007">{{Cite web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/germany-confirms-human-transmission-of-coronavirus/a-52169007 |title=Germany confirms human transmission of coronavirus |date=28 January 2020 |publisher=Deutsche Welle |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128220039/https://www.dw.com/en/germany-confirms-human-transmission-of-coronavirus/a-52169007 |archive-date=28 January 2020 |access-date=29 January 2020}}</ref>
== Marejeo ==
== Marejeo ==
<references/>
<references/>

Pitio la 15:21, 23 Machi 2020

Mlipuko wa Virusi vya Korona duniani

Mlipuko wa Virusi vya Korona (kwa Kiingereza: Coronavirus) ulibainika tarehe za katikati za mwezi Desemba mwaka 2019 katika mji wa Wuhan, mkoa wa Hubei, huko China ya kati. Ulikuwa ni kikundi cha watu walio na nimonia bila chanzo kinachoeleweka. Ulibanika hivi karibuni kama aina mpya ya virusi vya korona.[1][2][3][4]

Tarehe 20 Januari 2020 Waziri Mkuu wa Uchina Li Keqiang alitoa wito wa kutia juhudi katika kukomesha na kudhibiti janga la nimonia lililosababishwa na virusi vya korona.[5] Kufikia tarehe 23 Machi, 2020, kesi 337,000 zimethibitishwa,[6]

Chanzo cha mlipuko

Visa vya kwanza viliripotiwa mjini Wuhan. Madaktari waliripoti nimonia ambayo haikuwa na kielelezo. Virusi vilivyosababisha nimonia hiyo, vinashukiwa kutokea soko la nyama[7]. Kisheria, ni halali kuuza wanyamapori katika masoko hayo nchini China. Kwa kawaida, virusi vinavyofanana na kirusi kilichogunduliwa huishi ndani ya popo. Wanasayansi waliochunguza jeni za kirusi kipya cha Korona, wanakisia kuwa kilijibadilisha na kikaweza kuishi katika mwili wa binadamu na kusababisha ugonjwa[8].

Maambukizi ya kwanza ya virusi hivi nje ya Uchina yalitokea Vietnam kati ya wanafamilia,[9] wakati maambukizi ya kwanza ya ndani ambayo hayakuhusisha familia yalitokea Ujerumani, tarehe 22 Januari, wakati mwanamume mmoja wa Kijerumani alipata ugonjwa huo kutoka kwa mgeni wa China kwenye kikao cha biashara.[10]

Marejeo

  1. ↑ Hui, David S.; Azhar, Esam EI; Madani, Tariq A.; Ntoumi, Francine; Kock, Richard; Dar, Osman; Ippolito, Giuseppe; Mchugh, Timothy D.; Memish, Ziad A.; Drosten, Christian; Zumla, Alimuddin (14 January 2020). "The continuing epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health – the latest novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China". International Journal of Infectious Diseases (kwa English) 91: 264–266. ISSN 1201-9712. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009.  Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ↑ "Undiagnosed pneumonia - China (HU) (01): wildlife sales, market closed, RFI Archive Number: 20200102.6866757". Pro-MED-mail. International Society for Infectious Diseases. Ilihifadhi kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 22 January 2020. Iliwekwa mnamo 13 January 2020.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help); Check date values in: |archivedate=, |accessdate= (help)
  3. ↑ Cohen, Jon; Normile, Dennis (17 January 2020). "New SARS-like virus in China triggers alarm". Science (kwa Kiingereza) 367 (6475): 234–235. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 31949058 Check |pmid= value (help). doi:10.1126/science.367.6475.234. Ilihifadhi kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 17 January 2020. Iliwekwa mnamo 17 January 2020.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |url-access= ignored (help); Check date values in: |date=, |archivedate=, |accessdate= (help)
  4. ↑ Parry, Jane (20 January 2020). "China coronavirus: cases surge as official admits human to human transmission". British Medical Journal 368. ISSN 1756-1833. doi:10.1136/bmj.m236.  Unknown parameter |url-access= ignored (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  5. ↑ "Chinese premier stresses curbing viral pneumonia epidemic". China Daily. Beijing: Xinhua News Agency. 21 January 2020. Ilihifadhi kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 22 January 2020. Iliwekwa mnamo 22 January 2020.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help); Check date values in: |date=, |archivedate=, |accessdate= (help)
  6. ↑ Deutsche Welle (www.dw.com). "Hali ilivyo kuhusu Corona duniani | DW | 23.03.2020". DW.COM (kwa sw-TZ). Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-03-23. 
  7. ↑ "Coronavirus: All you need to know in 500 words". www.aljazeera.com. Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-03-23. 
  8. ↑ "COVID-19 coronavirus epidemic has a natural origin". ScienceDaily (kwa Kiingereza). Iliwekwa mnamo 2020-03-23. 
  9. ↑ "China coronavirus: 'family cluster' in Vietnam fuels concerns over human transmission". South China Morning Post. 29 January 2020. Iliwekwa mnamo 29 January 2020.  Check date values in: |date=, |accessdate= (help)
  10. ↑ "Germany confirms human transmission of coronavirus". Deutsche Welle. 28 January 2020. Ilihifadhi kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 28 January 2020. Iliwekwa mnamo 29 January 2020.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (help); Check date values in: |date=, |archivedate=, |accessdate= (help)
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