Title: The anatomy of the domestic animals
Identifier: anatomyofdomesti01siss (find matches)
Year: 1914 (1910s)
Authors: Sisson, Septimus, 1865-1924
Subjects: Veterinary anatomy
Publisher: Philadelphia, London, W. B. Saunders Company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM The urogenital apparatus (Apparatus urogenitalis) includes two groups of organs, the urinary and the genital. The urinary organs elaborate and remove the chief excretory fluid, the urine. The geni- tal organs serve for the formation, develop- ment, and expulsion of the products of the reproductive glands. In the higher verte- brates the two apparatus are independent except at the terminal part, which consti- tutes a urogenital tract, and includes the vulva in the female and the greater part of the urethra in the male. THE URINARY ORGANS The urinary organs (Organa uropoiet- ica) are the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys are the glands which secrete the urine; they are red-brown in color, and are situated against the dorsal wall of the abdomen, being in most ani- mals almost sjrmmetrically placed on either side of the spine. The ureters are tubes which convey the urine to the urinary bladder. The latter is an ovoid or piri- form sac, which is situated on the pelvic floor when empty or nearly so; it is a reser- voir for the urine. The urine accumulates in the bladder and is then expelled through the urethra.
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Fig. 494.—General Dorsal View of Urinary Organs of Horse. /, Right kidnev; 1', left kidney; S, 2', ad- tttt- renal bodies; 3. 3', ureters; 4, urinary bladder; 4'. THE URINARY ORGANS OF THE anterior end of bladder with cicatricial remnant of T-TOl? ^T^ urachus; 4", urethra; 6, aorta; 6, 6, renal arteries; 7, 7, external iliac arteries; S, 8, internal iliac ar- THE KIDNEYS teries; 9, 9, umbilical arteries. (After Leisering's Atlas.) Each kidney presents two surfaces, two borders, and two extremities or poles, but they differ so much in form and position as to require a separate description of each in these respects. The right kidney (Ren dexter) in outline resembles the heart on a playing card, or an equilateral triangle with the angles rounded off. It lies ventral to the upper )5arts of the last two or three ribs and the first lumbar transverse process. The dorsal surface (Facies dorsalis) is strongly convex; it is'related chiefly to the diaphragm, but also to a small extent posteriorly to the iliac fascia and psoas

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